Nau'in hatsi

Hatsi shine ɗayan mahimman abinci a duniya, tunda tare dasu ake shirya abinci na yau da kullun kamar su burodi, kuma har ma suna daga cikin girke-girke na wasu abincin dabbobi. Ci gabanta da sauri da kuma sauƙin nome yana nufin ana iya shuka shi a kusan kowane yanki ko tukunya.

Tare da ɗan zafi da ruwa, za mu iya tabbata cewa girbin zai yi kyau ƙwarai da gaske. Amma, Menene nau'ikan hatsi? Sanin su zai zama babban taimako ga sanin abin da za a shuka, don haka bari mu je wurin.

Menene nau'ikan hatsi?

Akwai nau'ikan hatsi iri-iri, kuma dukansu suna da halaye irin nasu duk da cewa suna da kamanceceniya. Sun kasance shuke-shuke na farko da mutane suka mamaye gidajensu dubban shekaru da suka gabata, kuma godiya ga hakan tun daga wannan lokacin suka sami nasarar mamaye kusan duk duniya.

Don haka, a yau mun san nau'ikan hatsi iri-iri, daga cikinsu waɗannan masu zuwa suna da fice:

• Rice: shuke-shuke da ke samar da su na iya zama na jinsin oryza sativa, idan shinkafar Asiya ce, u Oryza glaberrima idan na Afirka ne. Dukansu sun kai tsayi har zuwa santimita 120, kuma suna haɓaka mai tushe tare da ganyayyaki masu layi. Abun sashi ne a girke-girke da yawa, kamar su paella ko Cuban rice, amma kuma galibi ana haɗa shi a cikin wasu abincin dabbobi. Karin bayani.
• Dope: shuka ta shuka Canariensis na Phalaris. Yana haɓaka mai tushe har zuwa mita 1 tsayi, tare da ganyayyaki masu layi-layi kimanin 40 santimita tsawo. Ana amfani dashi azaman abin sha (madarar kwayar kanari, ko kwayar canary atole daga Mexico), ko azaman abincin dabbobi.
• Oats: shine nau'in jerin tsirrai na wannan jinsin: Avena. Mafi na kowa shi ne Avena sativa. Yana girma har zuwa mita ɗaya a tsayi. Anfi amfani dashi sosai azaman abinci don dabbobi, amma kuma ana samunta a wasu biskit don cin ɗan adam. Karin bayani.
• Sha'ir: sha'ir ciyawa ce ta nau'in Hordeum mara kyau. Tushensa ya kai kimanin mita ɗaya ko mita ɗaya da rabi a tsayi. Amfani da shi mafi kyau shine yin giya, duk da cewa shima yana da amfani ga abincin dabbobi, musamman aladu. Karin bayani.
• Hatsin rai: sunansa na kimiyya shine Kayan sikila, wanda tsayinsa yakai tsayin centimita 110 zuwa 160. Da shi kuke yin burodin hatsin rai, da hatsin rai, har ma da kayan wasan yara tare da bambaro. Karin bayani.
• Hawaye Ayuba: sunan kimiyya shine Coix lacryma aiki, kuma yana daya daga cikin cerean hatsi waɗanda basa tsayayya da sanyi. Tsayin sa ya kai kimanin mita 1, kuma yana da lanceolate, koren ganye. Ana cinye shi azaman hatsi, banda na 'Lacryma-Jobi »iri-iri waɗanda ke da seedsa hardan da ke da wuya kuma ake amfani da su don yin beads.
• Masara: ita ciyawa ce wacce ta kai tsayi tsakanin santimita 60 zuwa 90. Ganyayyaki suna da tsayi, da koren launi. Amfani da shi mafi yawan gaske shine abinci: yana cikin abubuwan girke-girke na salad da yawa, misali, da kuma yin burodi. Hakanan ana amfani dashi azaman abincin dabbobi. Karin bayani.
• .A: Gero a haƙiƙa suna ne da ake ba wa nau'in hatsi iri-iri, kamar su pennisetum glaucum, da Panicum budurwa, ko Italia italiya. Su ne ɗayan da aka fi amfani da su a Asiya, misali a cikin miya ko don yin burodi.
• Dawa: tsire-tsire ne na jinsin Sorghum wanda ya kai tsayin mita 1 zuwa 3 a tsayi. Ana amfani da shi don yin giya, da kuma samar da abincin dabbobi. Karin bayani.
• tef: ciyawa ce wacce sunan ta a kimiyance eragrostis teph. A Turai ba sananne ne sosai ba, amma a Habasha misali ya shahara sosai tunda ana yin burodin gargajiyarta da irinta: ínyera.
• Alkama: Ganye ne na jinsi Triticum wanda ya kai tsakanin mita 1 zuwa 3 a tsayi. Yana ɗayan ɗayan waɗanda aka fi nomawa a Yammacin shekaru dubbai. Da shi ake shirya burodi, dafuna, da taliya, da giya kuma ana shan shi kamar abincin karin kumallo. Karin bayani.
• triticale: sunansa na kimiyya shine Maganin Triticum, kuma hatsi ne wanda yake zuwa daga giciye tsakanin hatsin rai da alkama. Ana amfani dashi azaman fodder.

Menene hatsi mafi mahimmanci a duniya?

Alkama, masara da shinkafa. Waɗannan su ne manyan mahimman hatsi uku idan muka yi la'akari da abubuwan da suke samarwa, waɗanda sune:

• Masara: Tan miliyan 1124 (shekaru 2018-19).
• Rice: kimanin tan 743 (shekara 2019-20).
• Alkama: Tan miliyan 650-700 (shekaru 2019-20).

Yaya ake shuka hatsi?

Girma iri-iri na hatsi aiki ne mai sauƙi, tunda zaku iya shuka tsaba a cikin tukwanen mutum tare da dunkulen duniya (a sayarwa) a nan) lokacin bazara, da sanya su rana da kuma shayar da su sosai. Za ku ga sun yi tsiro da sauri, kuma sun girma da kyau, don haka da zaran kuka ga cewa tushen sun fito ta ramuka a cikin tukunyar to lallai ne ku dasa su a cikin babbar tukunya ko a ƙasa suna yin layuka da barin tazara na 'yan santimita 40 a tsakanin su.

Ka kiyaye su sako sako, kuma tare da ruwa. Ta wannan hanyar zaku iya jin daɗin girbi mai kyau kafin kuyi tunani. Happy dasa!