Pear bishiyoyi (Pyrus)

da Pyrus suna da kyawawan bishiyoyi masu amfani iri-iri. Akwai nau'ikan da yawa waɗanda ake shukawa a cikin lambuna da gonaki, har ma a manyan tukwane.

Kowace bazara suna ba da furanni masu fara'a, masu launuka masu kyau, kuma a cikin justan watanni kaɗan daga baya kowa zai iya cin sabbin pickeda fruitsan itacen da ya tsinko daga samfurin. San su.

Asali da halayen Pyrus

Jarumar mu jinsin bishiyoyi ne da 'yan shuke-shuken bishiyoyi wanda ya kunshi kusan nau'ikan 30 wadanda suka fito daga yankunan Turai da Asia. Mafi yawansu suna girma tsakanin mita 10 zuwa 17 a tsayi, amma akwai wasu da suka kai mita 20, kamar su Pyra pyraster ko pear daji, da sauransu waɗanda ke tsayawa tsakanin mita 8 da 12, kamar su Pyrus nivalis ko itacen pear na dusar ƙanƙara.

Ganyayyaki madadin ne, mai tsayi, mai tsini, da kaifi, mai girman tsakanin santimita 3 zuwa 10. An haɗu da furanni a cikin inflorescences da ake kira corymbs, kuma suna da fari. Da zarar an lalata su, fara samar da fruitsa edian itacen da ake ci da suna waɗanda ake kira pomos waɗanda ke ɗaukar hoto ko zagaye, tare da girma dabam daga santimita 2 zuwa 6.

Babban nau'in

Su ne kamar haka:

Pyrus bourgaeana

An san shi azaman pyrutane ko pear na daji, bishiya ce mai tsayin mita 10 'yan ƙasar zuwa gaɓar Rum. Tana samarda fruitsa fruitsan fruitsa fruitsan itace, har tsawon 3cm tsawon 2cm faɗi.

Pyrus mai kira

An san shi da pear mai furan ko pear mai kira, itaciya ce tsakanin tsayin mita 15 zuwa 20 'yar ƙasar China. 'Ya'yanta arean ƙananan ne, ƙasa da 1cm a diamita, don haka ba a amfani da shi da yawa a matsayin tsire-tsire masu ci amma a matsayin na ado.

Labari mai dangantaka:

Furannin fure (Pyrus calleryana)

Pyrus kwaminisanci

An san shi da pear na Turai ko pear gama gari, itaciya ce tsakanin tsayin mita 2 zuwa 10 'yan asalin gabashin Turai da Asiya orarama. Pears dinsa suna da girma, har zuwa 6cm, tare da dandano mai daɗi.

Labari mai dangantaka:

Pear (Pyrus kwaminisanci)

Pyrus igiya

An san shi azaman pear na daji na Atlantic, shrub ne tsakanin tsayin mitoci 2 da 3 'yan asalin yankin Atlantic na Faransa da yankin Iberiya. Ana amfani dashi azaman tsire-tsire na ado kawai, saboda fruita fruitan itacen ta ƙarami ne da ɗaci.

Labari mai dangantaka:

Pear daji (Pyrus cordata)

Pyra pyraster

Kuma aka sani da daji pear, shi ne itace har zuwa mita 20 Tsayi 'yan asalin yankin Turai ta Tsakiya da Gabas, da kuma Kudu maso Yammacin Asiya. 'Ya'yan itacen da take samarwa sun kai santimita 10.

Pyrus pyrifolia

An san shi da nashi, pear Asiya, pear Japan, pear Koriya, pear Taiwan, da pear apple, itaciya ce ta Asiya ya kai tsayi har zuwa mita 15. 'Ya'yan itacen ta suna kama da apple, amma wannan nau'in bashi da wata alaƙa da itacen apple (Malus gidan sarauta).

Labari mai dangantaka:

Nashi (Pyrus pyrifolia)

Menene kulawar da suke buƙata?

Idan kana son samun Pyrus ko itacen pear a gonarka ko gonar bishiya, muna bada shawarar ka kula da ita kamar haka:

Yanayi

Koyaushe a waje, a cikakkiyar rana ko a cikin yanki mai haske. Ba tsire-tsire bane waɗanda zasu iya rayuwa ko a cikin gida ko a cikin inuwa. Bugu da kari, dole ne a yi la’akari da cewa suna bukatar kashewa tsakanin awanni 900 zuwa 1500 na sanyi a lokacin hunturu don samun damar samar da ‘ya’yan itace.

Tierra

• Tukunyar fure: yana da kyau sosai ayi amfani da kayan lambu na birane, kamar wannan suke siyarwa a nan.
• Aljanna: suna girma cikin ƙasa mai wadataccen ƙwayoyin halitta kuma sun shanye sosai.

Watse

Mai yawaitawa. Ruwa yana matsakaita sau 3-4 a mako a lokacin bazara, kuma kowane kwana 4-5 sauran shekara.

Mai Talla

A lokacin bazara da bazara, tare da takin gargajiya ko na gida, kamar takin zamani, simintin tsutsa, ko taki saniya, da sauransu.

Shuka lokaci ko dasawa

A cikin bazara, lokacin da haɗarin sanyi ya wuce. Idan akwai shi a cikin tukunya, dasawa kowane shekara 2-3.

Yawaita

Pear bishiyoyi suna ninka ta tsaba da kuma dasawa.

Tsaba

Ana shuka su a cikin bazara, misali a cikin trays na seedling tare da substrate na seedlings (don sayarwa a nan). Yi ƙoƙarin sanya fewan kaɗan a cikin kowane alveolus, wanda bai wuce 2-3 ba, kuma rufe su da wani matsakaitan matsakaiciyar matattara. A ƙarshe, ana shayar da shi kuma an sanya shi a waje, a cikin inuwa mai kusan rabin.

Zasu tsiro cikin kimanin wata daya.

Gwani

Bud grafts ana yin su ne a lokacin kaka-hunturu akan wasu alamu:

• Franco: yana tsayayya da ƙasa ƙarar ƙasa sosai.
• Quince itace: ana amfani dashi sau da yawa saboda girman haɗin kan shuke-shuke da aka ɗora.
• Pear Birch ganye (Pyrus betulaefolia): itaciya ce ta asali zuwa China, daga wacce aka zaɓi layi don kyakkyawan juriyarsa ga busasshiyar ƙasa da kuma juriya ga aphids.

Mataki-mataki don bi shi ne kamar haka:

1. Da farko, dole ne a yi waƙar ƙirar T a cikin samfurin, kuma tare da taimakon wuƙaƙƙen wuƙa, raba bawon ba tare da sanya matsi da yawa ba.
2. Yanzu, yi santimita mai tsayi na santimita 3, daga ƙasa zuwa sama, kewaye da gwaiduwa, kuma a cikin hanya mai wucewa.
3. Bayan haka, saka gusset a cikin ɓangaren, kuma daidaita shi yadda za ku iya tare da ɗan matsa ƙasa zuwa ƙasa.
4. A ƙarshe, ƙulla shi da filastik farawa a ƙasa da toho, yana ba da juyowa biyu. Lokacin da ka gama, yi daidai a sama da wannan.

Idan komai ya tafi daidai, a cikin ƙasa da wata (a al'ada, bayan kwana 20) zaku iya cire robobi.

Karin kwari

Iya samun Ja gizo-gizo, pear bug, pear worm, pear meleta, san jose, 'ya'yan itace tashi da janus del peral.

Zaka iya kula dashi da kayan masarufi, kamar su sabulun potassium.

Labari mai dangantaka:

Waɗanne samfuran ƙasa ne don magance kwari don amfani da su?

Cututtuka

Yana da matukar juriya, amma zai iya shafar shi mottled da lalata itacen pear.

Kula da bishiyar sosai da takin zamani, zai yi wuya mutum ya kamu da rashin lafiya, amma idan ya yi hakan, to a yi amfani da kayan gwari.

Girbi

Ya dogara da iri-iri, amma tsakanin ƙarshen bazara da ƙarshen kaka.

Rusticity

Duk Pyrus suna tsayayya da sanyi, aƙalla ƙasa zuwa -7ºC, amma ire-iren Asiya na iya rayuwa a yankuna har zuwa -18ºC.

Iri-iri na pears mafi yawan shawarar don amfani

Idan kuna neman nau'ikan shuka da zaku shuka a gonar ku ko kuma kuna da tukwane, duba waɗanda muke nuna muku a ƙasa:

farar fata

Haka kuma an san shi da fari daga Aranjuez ko pear na ruwa, yana samar da pears mai tsayi, oblong a cikin sura, da koren haske a launi. Pulan litattafan sa fari ne, mai daɗi ne kuma mai ɗanɗano. Lokacin girbinsu ya zuwa ƙarshen bazara.

Sayi shi nan.

Castle

Har ila yau aka sani da Sanjuanera ko San Juan, nau'ikan iri-iri ne tare da yawan aiki tare da ƙananan, conical, green-yellow and pears pink. Naman fari ne, mai zaƙi, kuma mai laushi. An girbe su a farkon bazara.

Sayi shi nan.

Taro ko Taro

Yana samar da pears mai girman kauri, mai tsayi sosai, mai launi-kore-launuka kuma tare da fararen-rawaya, nama mai kyau da mai laushi. Yana da ɗan tsami, amma yana da daɗi. Ana iya girbe su zuwa farkon kaka.

Sayi shi nan.

Ercolini

Yana da nau'ikan pear mai matukar amfani wanda ke samar da matsakaici zuwa manyan fruitsa withan itace tare da madaidaicin sifa, mai yauka mai laushi ko launin ja. Naman fari ne, yana da kyau sosai, mai wadatar sukari, kuma yana narkewa. Lokacin girbi farkon lokacin bazara ne.

Sayi shi nan.

Lambun Lu'u-lu'u Dwarf pear

Kyakkyawan nau'ikan dwarf ne don yayi girma a cikin tukwane ko a cikin ƙananan lambuna waɗanda ke samar da pears koren ƙamshi mai kyau, tare da fararen nama da ƙanshi mai daɗin ji daɗi ana girbe su a ƙarshen bazara.

Sayi shi nan.

Shin ka kuskura ka sami Pyrus? 🙂