Rayuwar shuka kamar yadda muka sani ta samo asali ne daga cikin teku, don haka ba abin mamaki bane cewa akwai tsirrai a cikin tekuna. Jinsunan da aka gano basu da yawa kamar wadanda suke cikin dunkulen duniya, amma kuma tabbas suna iya zama kyawawa sosai. Kari akan haka, dayawa daga cikinsu suna zama mafakar wasu dabbobi, musamman a lokacin samartaka.
Idan kana son sanin wasu daga cikinsu da manyan halayensu, to, za mu gabatar muku da su. Wanene ya sani, ƙila za ku iya gano ɗaya a gaba in kun je rairayin bakin teku ko nutsewa.
Menene tsire-tsire na teku?
Tsirrai na ruwa, kamar yadda sunan su ya nuna, su ne wadanda ke rayuwa a cikin tekuna, a bakin teku da kuma a cikin zurfin ruwa. Akwai wadanda kanana ne, 'yan santimita kaɗan, amma akwai wasu da suka kai mita da yawa a tsayi, har suka zama gandun daji. Saboda son sani, ya kamata ka sani cewa sun fara juyin halitta ne kimanin shekaru miliyan 400 da suka gabata, lokacin da a doron duniyar duniya akwai ruwa kawai, wanda ya iso nan, bisa ga ka'idar da aka fi yarda da ita, a cikin taurarin da ke tasiri akan Duniya.
Daga ina ku ke?
Duk tsire-tsire na ruwa da muka sani sun fito ne daga koren algae. Waɗannan suna da ƙarfin aiwatar da hoto, kuma suna iya zama uni ko multicellular, amma ba su da tushe, tushe ko ganye kamar shuke-shuke. Amma saboda suna da chlorophyll, suna shan carbon dioxide da hasken rana, kuma suna canza shi zuwa abinci. Sakamakon wannan tsari, sun saki iskar oxygen, wanda albarkar shuke-shuke da dabbobin teku zasu iya rayuwa.
Nau'o'in tsire-tsire na teku
Mun san wasu bayanai game da yadda halittar tsire-tsire ta teku take, amma… menene sunayensu? Waɗannan su ne wasu:
Yaren mutanen Avicennia
Hoton - Wikimedia / Ianaré Sévi
La Yaren mutanen Avicennia Bishiya ce ko kuma wani lokacin shrub, wanda aka fi sani da farin mangwaro, mangrove mai baƙar fata ko mangrove mai baƙar fata. Tana tsiro da daji a gabar Tekun Atlantika da Fasifik. Zai iya kaiwa tsayin mita 3 zuwa 10, kuma ganyayyakinsa suna tsakanin santimita 6 zuwa 10 tsayi zuwa tsawon santimita 3. An tattara furanninta a cikin inflorescences kuma suna auna kimanin milimita 2-4. 'Ya'yan itacen suna da tsayi, kimanin tsawon santimita 2, kuma suna ɗauke da tsaba da ke tsirowa kafin harsashin ya buɗe.
cymodocea nodosa
Hoton - Wikimedia / Tigerente
La cymodocea nodosa Ganye ne da aka sani da sunan seba, wanda ke zaune a yankunan tsakiyar tekun Bahar Rum da tekun Atlantika. Yana girma ya kai santimita 60 a tsayi. Ganyensa dogaye ne kuma sirara, koren launi. Furannin suna wucewa, kadaitattu, kuma unisexual. 'Ya'yan itacen shine drupe wanda yake da haƙarƙari 3 a bayansa, ya zama rawaya ko launin ruwan kasa idan ya girma. Tsaba ƙananan ne, kusan milimita 8.
Halodule wrightii
Hoton - Wikimedia / Hans Hillewaert
La Halodule wightii Tsirrai ne na rhizomatous wanda ke rayuwa a cikin tekuna masu zafi na duniya. Ganyen yana mannaye, koren, kuma suna da tsawon santimita 20. 'Ya'yan itacen tawa ne, kuma suna da faɗi milimita 2.
Posidonia oceanica
Hoton - Wikimedia / albert kok
La Posidonia oceanica, kawai ake kira posidonia, tsire-tsire ne na Bahar Rum. Ganyersa ganye ne, mai launi kaza, wanda girman sa ya kai mita 1, kuma yana da tsayin dakawa. Yana furewa a lokacin kaka, kuma a cikin bazara yana ba da fruita fruita. Wadannan 'ya'yan itatuwa suna shawagi a saman, kuma an san su da zaitun na teku.
Spartina madadin
Hoton - Wikimedia / Vperezcuadra
La Spartina madadin, wanda aka fi sani da kaguwa ko borraza espartillo, ciyawa ce ta asalin ƙasar Amurka, inda take girma a cikin wuraren shakatawa na gishiri. Ciyawa ce wacce take rayuwa tsawon shekaru, amma tana iya rasa ganyenta a wani lokaci (kaka-hunturu), saboda haka yana da yankewa. Yana girma tsakanin mita 1 zuwa 1,5 a tsayi, tare da kara mai santsi da rami wanda kusan ganyayyaki masu layi suna toho santimita 20 zuwa 60 tsayi da milimita 15 a faɗo a gindin su. Furanninta launuka masu launin kore-rawaya ne, kuma suna bayyana a lokacin sanyi.
Marina zostera
Hoton - Wikimedia / Totti
La Marina zostera Ganye ne wanda ke zaune a cikin ɗakunan gado, gadaje na teku da fadama tsakanin 36º da 60º arewa latitude. Zai iya kaiwa tsayi har zuwa centimita 150, tare da korayen ganye. An haɗu da furanni a cikin inflorescences, kuma 'ya'yan itacen suna achenes tare da siffar ellipsoid ko ovoid.
Me ake kira tsire-tsire na bakin teku?
Mun ga wasu tsire-tsire na teku waɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin teku, amma… menene waɗanda ke rayuwa cikin yashi a rairayin bakin teku? Kuna so ku sani? To waɗannan ana la'akari da su halophilic, kuma wasu daga cikin sunayen su sune:
Alyssum mai girma
Hoton - Wikimedia / Ghislain118 (AD)
El Alyssum mai girma (kafin Alyssum filin wasa) itace ganye mai yawan shekaru zuwa kudu maso yamma Faransa da arewacin Spain. Yayi girma zuwa santimita 20 tsayi, kuma launinsa ashen korene. Tsirrai ne wanda yake yin rassa daga tushe, kuma ganyayyakinsa suna da gashi. An haɗu da furanni a gungu kuma suna rawaya.
Armeria tana da ƙarfi
Hoton - Wikimedia / Luis Miguel Bugallo Sánchez
La Armeria tana da ƙarfi karamin tsiro ne cewa siffofin daskararren kusan santimita 40-80. Ganyayyakin sa suna layi-lanceolate kuma suna auna kimanin santimita 14 tsawonsu da faɗi milimita 6. Furannin furannin ruwan hoda ne, suna da kyau.
Bishiyar asparagus macrorrhizus
Hoton - Wikimedia / Nanosanchez
El Bishiyar asparagus macrorrhizus, kafin Bishiyar asparagus, Itace tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu yawa ga Mar Menor, a Murcia (Spain). Yana girma zuwa matsakaicin santimita 30, tare da mai tushe wanda koren ganye ya toho. Ana cikin haɗari sosai
Crithmum mafi kyau
Hoton - Wikimedia / Alex Patak
El Crithmum mafi kyau, wanda aka sani da fennel na teku ko fasalin marine, tsire-tsire ne na ɗan lokaci zuwa Turai. Ya kai tsawon kusan santimita 20-30, tare da rassa mai tushe wanda daga layinsa yake, ganye masu ɗanɗano suka toho. Furannin suna toho a cikin umbels, kuma rawaya ne.
Eryngium mafi iyaka
Hoto - Wikimedia / Svdmolen
El Eryngium mafi iyaka Ganye ne da muka sani da sunan sarƙaƙƙen teku ko sarƙar teku. Tana zaune a gabar Turai, ta kai tsawon santimita 50. Ita shukar ƙayayuwa ce, mai launin shuɗi masu launin shuɗi ko azurfa, da kyawawan furannin lilac.
Pinus halepensis
El Pinus halepensis, ko Aleppo pine, na ɗaya daga cikin kaɗan Itatuwan Pine wanda zai iya zama a bakin teku, tare da shi Pinus na dabba. Misali a cikin tsibirin Balearic (Spain), alal misali, yana girma kusan a bakin tekun. Isasar asalin yankin Rum ne, kuma ya kai tsayin mita 25, tare da akwatin azaba amma mai karfi. Ganyensa koren allurai masu tsayin centimita 10, kuma Cones dinsa kanana ne.
Shin kun san wasu tsire-tsire na ruwa da / ko waɗanda ke rayuwa a bakin rairayin bakin teku?