Chestnut (Castanea sativa)

El chestnut Ndiwo mumwe wemiti yemichero yakasimwa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzese dzakadzikama dzepasi: kwete chete kune michero yayo, iyo inonaka, asi nekukosha kwayo kwekushongedza uye kusimba. Senge sekunge izvo zvaive zvisina kukwana, ndeimwe yemiti iyo iyo, sezvavanokura, inopa mumvuri unofadza, chimwe chinhu pasina mubvunzo chinokosheswa muzhizha.

Kugadziriswa kwayo hakuna kuomarara, kunyangwe chiri chokwadi kuti kana mamiriro ekunze asina kunaka (ndiko kuti, kana kuri kwakadzikama, kuchidziya, pachinzvimbo chekutonhora) zvinowanzova nematambudziko nekuda kwekushomeka kwayo kwakanyanya kune kupisa kwakanyanya. Zvikasadaro, zvinonakidza kwazvo kusangana naye. Iwe unofarira? 🙂

Mavambo uye hunhu

Yedu protagonist muti wakasarudzika une zita resainzi castanea sativa. Inowanikwa kumaodzanyemba kweEurope neAsia Minor. Inokura kusvika pakureba kwe20 kusvika 30 metres, ine korona yakati rebei uye hunde inosvika kumamita maviri muhupamhi ine bark rebhuruu, iri kutsemurwa kwenguva refu mumhando dzekare, uye inotsvedzerera mune idiki.

Mashizha aya masere kusvika masendimita makumi maviri nemaviri pakureba ne8 kusvika 22cm paupamhi, uye ari oblanceolate, aine hwaro hwakakomberedzwa, muganho wakakangwa, unopenya pamusoro pepamusoro uye zvishoma pubescent pazasi pezasi. Ivo vane ruvara rwegirini, kunyangwe mumatsutso vanoita yero vasati vadonha.

Maruva echirume makatoni anosvika 20cm, nepo echikadzi acho akaumbwa nemitaera minomwe kusvika mipfumbamwe panhongonya peiyo ovari, uye ane ruvara rwekirimu. Dzinobukira muchirimo.

Y michero iyi subglobose dome iyo yakafukidzwa neminzwa inosvika 11cm kureba. Mukati mayo mune anenge 2-3 maachenes, ayo ari chestnuts, ayo anoyera nezve 2-4cm, ane chimiro chakamisikidzwa, uye anodyiwa.

Ndezvipi zvinovanetsa?

Kana iwe uchida kuve nekopi, tinokurudzira kuti iwe ugopa iyo neinotevera hanya:

Nzvimbo

Ndiwo muti unofanirwa kuve kunze kwenyika, zuva rakazara. Kuva hombe, zvakakosha kuti iiswe padanho repasi remamita gumi kubva pamadziro, madziro, mapaipi, nezvimwewo, uye angangoita 6m kubva kune zvimwe zvirimwa zvikuru. Neiyi nzira, iwe unozogona kuve neakanakisa budiriro uye, nekudaro, chichava mufaro kufunga nezve runako rwako 😉.

Pasi

• Garden: inokura muvhu rinotonhorera uye rakanyorova, rakapfuma mune zvakasikwa zvinhu, uye zvishoma acidic.
• Ruva poto: Haisi simiti yekukura muhari muhupenyu hwayo hwese, asi mukati memakore ayo madiki uye painokura pamwero wepakati-unononoka, inogona kuve mune imwe ine mulch (itore pano) yakasanganiswa ne30% perlite (iri kutengeswa pano).

Kudiridza

Iwo chestnut muti chirimwa chisingamiriri kusanaya kwemvura, asi hachifarire mafashama akawandisa, kunze kwekunge, chokwadika, chiri chinobata nguva (semuenzaniso, kana ikanaya zvine mutsindo kazhinji pagore, uye ipo chaipo pane mvura unoramba wakamira uye une mafungu, muti hauzokuvadzwa. Chimwe chinhu chingave kana kukanaya nenzira iyoyo kazhinji).

Saka, kudzivirira matambudziko, paavhareji zvinokurudzirwa kuidiridza katatu pavhiki muzhizha, uye kamwe kana kaviri pavhiki zororo rese regore. Asi chenjera, izvi zvinongofanirwa kutorwa senge ratidziro: kana ikanaya kazhinji munzvimbo yako, haufanire kudiridza zvakanyanya; Kune rimwe divi, kana ikanaya zvishoma, ungatofanira kuwedzera kuwanda kwekudiridza.

Vanyoreri

Zvinokurudzirwa kuibhadhara nayo Organic mafetiraiza munguva yechirimo neyezhizha, Kanenge kamwe chete pamwedzi. Mafetiraiza se guano (unogona kuiwana muupfu pano uye mvura pano), kana iyo mupfudze wehuku (Kana iwe ukaiwana iri nyowani, rega iome muzuva kwemazuva kana gumi) ivo vakapfuma kwazvo mune zvinovaka muviri uye vanoitendera kuti ikure ine hutano hwakanaka.

Kana uine iyo muhari, shandisa mafetiraiza emvura, uchitevera zvinongedzo zvakadomwa pamudziyo.

Kukohwa

Chestnuts anokohwewa mukati kudonha.

Kuwanza

Inowanza nyore yembeu munguva yechando. Nzira yekuenderera nayo ndeinotevera:

1. Chinhu chekutanga kuita kutora chestnuts, kungave kubva pamuti iwo wega kana kubva kune yakasikwa chikafu chitoro (mune ino kesi, tora iyo inotengeswa yakawanda, yakasikwa).
2. Wobva wazadza hari ye20cm ne mulch yakasanganiswa ne30% perlite, uye nyorovesa zvakakwana.
3. Ipapo, sasa nendarira kana sarufa kudzivirira kuoneka kwefungus.
4. Tevere, isa makumi maviri embeu muhari, uye woafukidza nechuru cheiyo substrate gobvu zvakakwana kuti zvisanyatso kufumurwa.
5. Pakupedzisira, isa poto kunze, mu semi-mumvuri.

Nekudaro, uye nekuchengetedza iyo substrate yakanyorova asi isina mvura, ivo vanomera mukati megore rose.

Madenda nezvirwere

• Chestnut inki: chirwere chinokonzerwa nefungus Phytophthora cambivora y Phytophthora cinnamomi. Inotambanuka kubva pamidzi kusvika kune yakasara yemuti, ichikonzera kufa kunofambira mberi kwematavi eapical uye necrotization yemasuru ari pasi peganda.
  Kuti uirape, unofanirwa kushandisa fungicides yemhangura-asi zvakanaka zvatinogona kuita kuzvidzivirira nekudzora njodzi nekutenga zvienzaniso zvine hutano.
• Kurwiswa kubva dzvinyu rine mvere (Lymantria inoparadzaniswa) uye shava-muswe dzvinyu shavishavi (Euproctis chrysorrhoea). Iwo mapepidoptera maviri anodya husavi hwemashizha, kunyanya iwo manyoro.
  Vanogona kurwa navo potassium sipo o neem mafuta.

Rusticity

Inodzivisa mazaya echando kusvika -17ºC, asi vanononoka kumukuvadza. Iko kupisa kwakanyanya (pamusoro pe30ºC) hakuifarirewo. Haikwanise kugara munzvimbo dzinopisa.

Inoshandisa chii?

Kunze kwekukwanisa kushandiswa semuti wekushongedza, seyakaenzanisirwa specimen kana mumapoka, pasina kupokana kushandiswa kwaro kwakapararira ndekwemuti wemichero. Michero yayo, chestnuts, inodyiwa, uyezve iine hutano hwakanyanya. Kukosha kwayo kwehutano pa100 gramu iri seinotevera:

• Makorori: 225 kcal
• Carbohydrate: 44,17g
• Mafuta: 1,25g
• Mapuroteni: 52g
• Vhitamini B1: 0,144mg
• Vitamini B2: 0,016mg
• Vitamini B3: 1,102mg
• Vitamini B6: 0,352mg
• Vitamina C: 40,2mg
• Calcio: 19mg
• Hierro: 0,94mg
• Magnesio: 30mg
• Phosphorus: 38mg
• Potasiamu: 484mg
• Sodium: 2mg
• zen'e: 0,49mg

Ndeapi mabhenefiti e chestnuts?

Idya mamwe chestnuts pano neapo zvichatibatsira kugara takagwinya, sezvo ivo vari kuguta, vanosimbisa mazino nemapfupa, vanokurudzira kushanda kweiyo system yetsinga, chengetedza moyo, kugadzirisa matumbo ekufambisa uye inogona kudyiwa kana iine chirwere chekushaya ropa sezvo iine iron.

Ndinovimba wakafarira zvawakadzidza nezve chestnut 🙂.