Amorphophallus

ari Amorphophallus Idzo zvirimwa izvo hazvisiye chero munhu asina hanya, hazvo, pamwe munhu anozviita, asi zvingave zvinoda kuziva. Uye ndezvekuti pavanotumbuka ... chinhu chinonyanya kuitika ndechekuti iwe unoda kuona zvakaita maruva aya, asi pamwe haudi kuswedera padhuze. Icho chikonzero ndechekuti vanopa kunhuwirira kunokwezva zvipembenene zvinodya pazvinhu zvinowora zvinhu.

Handikwanise kukuudza chaizvo kuti vanonhuwirira zvakadii, nekuti ini handina mukana wekuona padhuze. Asi kubva pane zvinotaurwa paInternet, munhuwi usingakanganwike nyore nyore. Kunyangwe kune rimwe divi, izvi zvirimwa zviri chaizvo, zvakanakisa, kunyangwe zviri mumaruva kana kwete.

Kutanga uye hunhu hweAmorphophallus

Amorphophallus ndeye herbaceous uye tuberous zvirimwa zvinobva kuWest Africa kuenda kuPacific Islands. Ivo vanogara munzvimbo dzinopisa uye dzinopisa, kazhinji munzvimbo dzakaderera, uye kazhinji dzinowanzove chikamu chechipiri masango zvinomera. Iyo geni inoumbwa nemhando dzinosvika zana nemakumi manomwe emarudzi, mamwe acho akaunzwa kuAmerica.

Kana tikataura nezvehunhu hwayo, kutanga isu tinofanirwa kuzviita nezve yayo tuber. Iyi ndiyo globose, inogona kuyera zvakaita masendimita makumi mana paupamhi, uye inowanikwa pasi pevhu. Kubva mairi kunomera midzi, inokura muvhu, uye zvakare shizha rimwe chete. Shizha iri rinonyatsoda kuziva, nekuti pakutanga tarisa rinotaridzika semuti mudiki kana wapedza kukura.

Iyo inoumbwa neiyo yakatwasuka stem uye lamina iyo inogona kuve yakawanda kana kushoma yakakamurwa muzvikamu zvidiki kana mashizha. Inongo ramba ichirarama kwemwedzi mishoma, iyo inguva yemwaka wekupera. Mushure meizvozvo, inozooma uye kudonha, ichisiya iyo tuber yakasimba.

Izvo monoecious zvirimwa. Iyo inflorescence ine akati wandei zvikamu:

• Spadix: iyo spike izere nemaruva, ine nyama ine mhando axis.
  • Maruva echikadzi: ivo vane chete pistil.
  • Maruva echirume: iwo angori chete boka re stamens.
  • Chinotapira chinowedzera kana nzvimbo: ine maruva asina kuchena ayo botanists anodana staminode.
• Spathe: ishizha rakashandurwa rinoputira uye rinodzivirira inflorescence. Inowanzo kuve yakajeka girini kana brownish muvara.

Kuti pollination iitike, apendikisi inofanira kuvhura, ichiburitsa hwema hwakafanana nehwo hunoburitswa nenyama inoora.. Naizvozvi, zvimwe zvipembenene zvinokwezva kumuti, izvo hazvizeze kupinda mukati me inflorescence, zvichisungwa kuseri kwespathe. Vasati vaburitswa, vanofanirwa kuzadzisa chinangwa: kupa pamuviri maruva echikadzi pamwe nepoleni iyo maruva echirume anoisa pavari zuva rinotevera, pavanovhura.

Dzichingosununguka zvakare, zvipembenene izvi zvinobva zvasiya maruva ane munguva anozotanga kuburitsa michero yawo. Izvi zvichave zvidiki, zvemavara anoenda kubva pakatsvuka kuenda kuchena, achienda kuburikidza nebhuruu, yero, orenji, kana chena uye yero.

Mhando huru

Pamarudzi zana nemakumi manomwe aripo, aya mana akakurumbira kwazvo:

Amorphophallus bulbifer

El Amorphophallus bulbifer Icho chirimwa chizvarwa kuHimalaya, Burma uye kuchamhembe kweMyanmar. Shizha rayo rinosvika pakukwirira kwemasendimita makumi mashanu kusvika makumi mapfumbamwe, uye tuber raro rakareba masendimita gumi nemashanu. Iyo inflorescence ine pinkish spathe mukati uye yakasvibira uye ine matema kunze.

Iyo inogara kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakakwirira kupfuura dzimwe dzese, saka inodzivisa kutonhora kuri nani kupfuura mamwe Amorphophallus.

Amorphophallus konjac

El Amorphophallus konjac, inozivikanwa serurimi rwadhiyabhorosi, rudzi rwakazvarwa kuJapan, China, uye kunyangwe kumaodzanyemba kweIndonesia. Matinji ayo anosvika pamasentimita makumi maviri nemashanu pakureba, uye shizha rayo rinogona kusvika pamamita 25 paupamhi. Inflorescence yaro ine yepepuru spadix, inosvika 55 masendimita kureba.

Iyo ine dzinoverengeka dzinodyiwa mashandisiro. Munzvimbo dzayo kwayakatangira inoshandiswa kugadzira hupfu nejamu, pamwe nekutsiva gelatin.

Amorphophallus paeoniifolius

El Amorphophallus paeoniifolius Icho chirimwa chinowanikwa kumasango emvura ekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweAsia, kusanganisira aya eMalaysia, Philippines, Borneo, neThailand. Inowanikwawo kuchamhembe kweAustralia, uye yakave yakasarudzika muMadagascar neSeychelles. Iyo tuber inenge masendimita makumi mashanu paupamhi, uye shizha rayo rinosvika pamamita maviri pakukwirira. Iyo inflorescence ine spadix inosvika makumi manomwe masentimita, uye girini yakacheneruka kusvika kune yakasviba spathe kunze.

Machubhu ayo anodyiwa, uye zvakare inotendwa kuti ine mishonga, senge: kugaya chikafu, aphrodisiac, tonic kana anti-kupisa.

Amorphophallus titanum

El Amorphophallus titanum, inozivikanwa sechitunha ruva kana hofori hoop, ndiyo mhando inonyanya kuzivikanwa. Inowanikwa kuSumatra (Indonesia), uye Icho chirimwa chinogadzira inflorescence iyo inogona kusvika 3 metres pakureba. Iyi ine green spathe kunze uye yakatsvuka mukati, uye yakajeka yeyero spadix. Ibanga rayo rakakwirira mita imwe.

Iri mungozi yekutsakatika. Mukurima yakaoma, nekuti inoda mwando wakakwirira, mumvuri uye tembiricha izvo zvinochengetwa pakati pe18 kusvika 30 degrees Celsius.

Vanochengetwa sei?

Iyo Amorphophallus zvirimwa kubva kwazviri zvisingawanzo kuda kuwana mbeu kana tubers. Ini pachangu ndine maviri a.konjac, uye ese ari maviri anodyarwa mubindu munzvimbo yakachengetedzwa kwazvo; Ini ndaitova ne A. titanum, kunyangwe hazvo isina kupona munguva yechando kunyangwe hazvo pakanga pasina chando gore iro (kazhinji kudzika kusvika -2ºC).

Nekudaro, zvichibva pane zvandakaona, kukura aya marudzi maviri muMallorca (Spain), ndinokuraira zvinotevera:

Nzvimbo

• Bindu / patio / terrace: unofanirwa kuzviisa mumumvuri. Dzivisa nzvimbo dzavanogona kuratidzwa kune nyeredzi mambo, kunyangwe kana chete kwemaminetsi mashoma.
• nzvimbo yekugara: iyo kamuri inofanirwa kugamuchira mwenje kubva kunze, uye panofanirwa kunge pasina zvinyorwa. Uye zvakare, hunyoro hwakakomberedza chirimwa hunofanirwa kuve hwakareba, saka kana zvisiri, unofanirwa kuisa mudziyo une mvura padhuze.

Pasi

• Zvebindu: kana uchizodyara mubindu, ivhu rinofanira kunge rakapfuma mune zvakasikwa uye nechiedza. Saizvozvowo, zvakakosha kuti irege kunyura kana kuumbika zvakanyanya.
• Zvemaruva: the a.konjac anogara zvakanaka mumhomho (ini ndaive navo neyakaenzana substrate ndisati ndavadyara mubindu), asi kana uchizomera mhando dzakaomarara (senge A. titanum), Ini ndinokurudzira iwe shandisa pumice (iri kutengeswa pano) kana imwe substrate yakafanana.

Kudiridza

Inofanira kuteverwa, asi kwete zuva nezuva. Rega nditsanangure: izvi zvirimwa hazvimiriri kusanaya kwemvura, asi zvaisazove zvakanaka kana zvichidiridzwa zuva nezuva Ivhu, kana iyo substrate, inofanirwa kuomesa zvishoma usati waisa mvura zvakare. Semuenzaniso, kuti ndikupe zano, ndinodiridza zvangu 2-3 pasvondo panguva yezhizha, uye munguva yechando kamwe chete mazuva manomwe kana gumi, uye kunyangwe zvishoma kana kuchinaya. Asi, ndinodzokorora, vari pasi.

Kana iwe ukaakurira iwo muhari, iwe uchafanirwa kuve unongwarira zvishoma, sezvo paine ivhu shoma, zvinotora nguva shoma kuti iome.

Vanyoreri

Kunyanya kana vari muhari, vanozokoshesa mupiro wefetiraiza kamwe pasvondo munguva yechirimo kana yezhizha. Iwe unogona kuwedzera mafetiraiza emvura, senge guano.

Kuwanza

Vanowanda nembeu uye nematubhu.

• Mbeu: ivo vanodyarwa muchirimo, mune inodzorwa seedbeds ine substrate yakapfuma mune organic chinhu chakasanganiswa ne 20-30% perlite. Tembiricha inofanirwa kunge iri pakati pe20-25ºC, uye inofanirwa kuchengetwa mumumvuri.
• Tubers: dzinodyarwawo muchirimo, kana mumatsutso kana dzakatengwa mumwaka iwoyo uye munharaunda mako tembiricha yepasi inodarika 15ºC.

Rusticity

Vazhinji havagone kumira nechando. El a.konjac Hongu, inogona kuramba kusvika -2ºC, asi chete kana ichinge yakachengetedzwa zvakanyanya uye ivhu rinoramba rakaoma.

Iwe waifungei nezveAmorphophallus?