Chii chinonzi aquaponics system?

Mukurima, kuyedza kwakamboitwa nguva zhinji kugadzirisa mamiriro ekurima kuvandudza zvese zviri zviviri ivhu rinoshandiswa uye zvigadzirwa nezviwanikwa zvinoshandiswa. Imwe yeanonyanya kushandura masisitimu ndeye aquaponics. Vanhu vazhinji havazivi kuti chii aquaponics kana kuti ungawana sei zvakawanda mazviri.

Naizvozvo, isu tichakumikidza chinyorwa ichi kuti tikuudze kuti chii chinonzi aquaponics, maitiro ayo, zvakanakira uye zvazvakaipira.

Chii chinonzi aquaponics

Aquaponics igadziriro yekugadzira chikafu inosanganisa kurimwa kwemhuka dzemumvura (aquaculture) pamwe nekurima kwezvirimwa mumvura (hydroponics) kuburikidza nekuenderera kutenderera kwemvura muzvikamu zviviri.

neiyi tekinoroji nzvimbo, mvura uye simba zvinochengetedzwa, uye tsvina kubva kuhurongwa kuenda kunharaunda inoderedzwa kana kubviswa nekuti zvese zvinoshandiswa. Hutano, hune simba uye hunonaka chirimwa nehove zvigadzirwa zvinowanikwa uku uchiremekedza zvakatipoteredza.

Aquaponic masisitimu anogona kugadzirwa pane chero chiyero, ese ari ega uye maindasitiri kushandiswa. Pamusoro pezvo, kuburikidza neiyi nzira nyowani yekugadzira, zvinobatsira kugadzira mabasa, kukurudzira kuzvidyira uye kugoverwa kwenzvimbo kwezvitsva uye zvine hutano zvigadzirwa.

Nheyo ye aquaponics kunobva pakuti tsvina inogadzirwa nezvisikwa zvemumvura (kazhinji hove kana crustaceans) inoshandurwa nekuita kwebhakitiriya kuita chikafu chinodiwa pakukura kwechirimwa.

Mabhakitiriya akakosha ari ejena Nitrosomonas neNitrobacter anobatanidzwa mukuita uku kunonzi nitrification. Kutenda kune nitrosomonas, ammonium mumarara ehove uye chikafu chinoshandurwa kuita nitrite, iyo inoshandurwa kuita nitrate ne nitrobacter. Aya ma nitrate anobva atorwa zvakananga nemiti uye anoita sebiofilters muhurongwa, kuchenesa mvura yakadzokera kumadziva ehove.

Iyo aquaponics inoshanda sei

Hurongwa uhu hunoshanda seizvi: Hove dzinobudisa manyowa, kana kuti mupfudze, kubva muvhu pashure pokunge dzabudisa tsvina ine utano kubva muchikafu chadzo. Nemamwe mashoko, vanhu vanodyisa hove kuti vape vanhu zvokudya gare gare.

Nokudaro, "fertilizer" yakasikwa yakasvibiswa nehove inoputirwa kumusoro, iyo inotorwa nemiti. Panguva imwe cheteyo, midzi inochenesa mvura nokubvisa zvokudya izvi, izvo zvinodzokera kwaiva nehove. Izvi zvinobvisa kukosha kwekuunza mvura yakachena svondo rega rega.

Iyo sisitimu inochengetedza kusvika ku90% yemvura kana ichienzaniswa neyakajairwa kurima uye inobvisa zvachose tsvina iyo inogona kugadzirwa sezvo iri yakavharwa system. Masisitimu emhando iyi atoshandiswa nhasi mukugadzirwa kwemba uye mukugadzira pachiyero cheindasitiri. Imba yeaquaponics system inogona kuiswa munzvimbo yemaguta, munzvimbo yakasununguka yeimba, pamhanza, kugamuchira zvishoma maawa mashanu ezuva pazuva. Huru dzekutengesa aquaponic masisitimu zvakare nyore kubata, sezvo varimi vasina simba rekudzora zvirimwa nehove. Miriwo yakaita se lettuce inogona kukohwewa mushure menguva pfupi yemasvondo mana kusvika matanhatu.

Dzimwe nhoroondo

Tsika yekushandisa tsvina yehove kuisa fetiraiza muzvirimwa yavepo kwezviuru zvemakore, Asia neSouth America dziri budiriro yekutanga kushandisa nzira iyi.

Anenge makore 900 apfuura, vaAztec muMexico vairima masitepisi eLake Texcoco kutora mukana wemvura uye organic zvinhu zvinogadzirwa nekuora kwehove tsvina uye microalgae pasi pegungwa.

Mukupera kwema1970, tsvakiridzo yesainzi yakatanga kubuda muNorth America neEurope ichiratidza kuti metabolites inogadzirwa nehove inogona kubviswa mumvura yoshandiswa mukurima muriwo.

Mumakore akatevera, kufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi kwakabvumira kuvandudzwa munzvimbo dzekutsvagisa senge excreta identification, biological waste filtration, uye mamiriro akakwana ekugadzira masisitimu akavharwa.

Kunenge muna 2001, paYunivhesiti yeVirgin Islands, Dr. James Rakocy yakagadzira yekutanga yekutengesa aquaponics system, achiisa nheyo dzekushanda kwayo. Nekubuda kwe data chaiyo yeaquaponics, kugadzirwa kwekutengesa kwakatanga kubuda, nenhamba huru yemakambani.

Nhasi, zvirongwa zvekutengeserana zvinoramba zvichifambira mberi kuti zviwedzere kushanda, uye nyika dzepamusoro dzinoshandisa matekinoroji akadai dzinosanganisira United States, Canada, Australia, neMexico.

Kukosha uye kushandiswa kweaquaponics

Nyaya idzi dziri kuwedzera kukosha sezvo kupihwa kwemvura yakachena kuri kudzikira pasi rose uye kudiwa kwechikafu kuri kukura. Muchirevo ichi, aquaponic symbiosis inokosha zvikuru, sezvo ichiumba nzira yekugadzirwa kwezvokudya inogona kugadzirwa panyika dzine urombo nedzisina kubereka dzine mvura shoma.

Iyo yakasiyana-siyana yeaquaponics modhi inobvumira maapplication pane yekutengesa, imba kana yekuzvidyira chiyero. Imwe fomu inoshandiswa mu aquaponic symbiosis ndeye iyo yakagadzirwa nokuda kwezvinangwa zvokushongedza, inobatanidza hove nezvinomera zvomumvura, iyo inogona kuunza purofiti yakakura kana ikafambiswa mune zvekutengesa.

Nekune rimwe divi, zviitwa zvidiki-diki zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kudzidzisa zviri nyore manejimendi ekugadzirwa kwezvinhu, kuchovha bhasikoro, uye mimwe misoro yehunyanzvi yakakosha mukusimudzira kwevadzidzi muzvikoro zvepuraimari, sekondari, uye zvekurima.

Pros and cons

Kubatsirwa

• aquaponic systems Inzira inoshanda yekudzikisa uye kushandisa tsvina inowanzorasirwa mukati menharaunda.
• Mari yekutsinhana kwemvura inogona kuderedzwa, zvichideredza mari yekushandisa munzvimbo dzakaoma umo mvura inodhura zvikuru.
• Bvisa kushandiswa kwemakemikari akadai semishonga yezvipembenene nefetereza nekugadzira miriwo inogona kunzi "organic".
• Kuderedza kugadzirwa kwechikafu mudunhu, nekudaro kusimudzira zviwanikwa zvevashandi, zviwanikwa zvemvura, chikafu chehove chakaringana uye kudya kwezvirimwa.
• Aquaponics inogona kubereka zvinomera zvakaenzana kana zviri nani pane hydroponic system, nepo goho rehove rakakwirira uye rine hutano pane aquaculture.
• Inogona kushandiswa pamwero muduku kana mukuru.
• Zviri nyore kudyisa hove.
• Kushandisa zvinhu zviri nyore, zvokuvakisa zvakadai semidziyo zvinogona kushandiswazve, izvo zvisingadhuri.
• Yakanakira ivhu rine zvidzidzo zvekurima zvakaderera.
• Haikuvadzi ivhu, uye haikuvadzi mvura, saka ine ushamwari kune zvakatipoteredza.
• Wana nzira mbiri dzemari kubva mukurima zvirimwa nehove, izvo zvinogona kuwedzera kuhupfumi hwenzvimbo kana kutengeswa.
• Mhuri yose inogona kutora rutivi mukuvakwa kwayo nokuchengeta.

Kuipa kweAquaponics

• Ruzivo rwekutanga rwechirimwa physiology inodiwa (miriwo) uye mhuka (hove), kusanganisira mhando dzemvura paramita, sezvo iri yakabatanidzwa sisitimu yezvirimwa zviviri.
• Iyo sisitimu inotsamira pamagetsi kuti imhanye pombi nemasefa, ichiisa hurongwa hwese panjodzi kana magetsi akadzimwa, pamwe nekuunza mari yemagetsi emagetsi.
• Kune marudzi mashoma ehove anogona kushandiswa muaquaponic systems.

Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve aquaponics chii uye maitiro ayo.