Begonia, iyo inonyanya kufarirwa zvirimwa zvemukati

ari begonia Iwo akanaka kwazvo uye anozivikanwa maruva maruva, akakodzera kushongedza zvemukati meimba. Asi chokwadi ndechekuti zvakaoma kwazvo kusarudza imwe: pamarudzi chiuru nemazana mashanu aripo parizvino, zana nemakumi mashanu anotengeswa kuti ashandiswe kugadheni, kuwedzera kune zviuru gumi nemhando dzakauchikwa kana kugadzirwa nguva nenguva.

Pakati pekunaka kwakawanda, dzimwe nguva munhu haazive kwekutarisa. Uye hazvireve kuti kutarisira kwavo, saka, kuchengetwa kwavo hakusi nyore sezvazvingaite sekunge isu. Asi ndizvo zvatiri pano, kuita kuti hupenyu hwako huve nyore 🙂. Saka verenga ichi chinyorwa kuti uzive zvachose zvese nezve izvi zvinoshamisa zvinomera.

Mavambo uye hunhu

Ma protagonists edu zvirimwa zvinomera zvinomera zviri munzvimbo dzinopisa dzenyika, kunyanya kubva kuCentral America. Zvichienderana nemhando yezvinhu, vanogona kuve neyakagara yakasvibira kana mashizha akasimba kana vachigara munzvimbo dzine kutonhora kwemamiriro ekunze. Mashizha acho asymmetrical, eakasiyana kwazvo mavara (green, variegated, rima tones ...).

Maruva zvakare akasiyana zvakanyanya muhukuru uye neruvara, asi ese ari eunisexual (pane echikadzi neyechirume); iwo echikadzi ane ovary yepazasi ine 2 kana 4 branching stigmas. Chibereko icho chivharo chine mapapiro chine huwandu hukuru hwediki mbeu.

Ivo vanopatsanurwa mumapoka matatu:

• Midzi yakasviba: kunge begonia semperflorens inova chirimwa chinotumbuka rinenge gore rese uye chakakura kwazvo mumba.
• Rhizomatous: kunge Begonia rex, ine mashizha akanaka.
• Tuberous: kunge Begonia x thuberhybrida, ine maruva akakura kwazvo uye anotaridza maruva.

Mhando huru

Kutaura nezvezvisikwa zana nemakumi mashanu zvatinogona kuwana munzvimbo dzinochengeterwa vana zvinotipa bhuku 🙂, saka ngatitaurei nezveakajairika.

begonia elatior

Icho chirimwa chizvarwa chekuBrazil chine zita razvino resainzi Begonia reniformis. Iine mashizha egirini ane mitsipa inooneka, uye mamwe maruva anogona kutifungidzira nezve ayo akasimuka makwenzi ane.. Inokura kusvika pakureba ingangoita 30-40 masentimita.

rex begonia

Icho chirimwa chizvarwa kunzvimbo dzinopisa dzeAsia icho Iine mashizha ane zvigadzirwa zvinoshamisa: mamwe, seaya ari mumufananidzo uri pamusoro, anoyeuchidza zvikuru nezve hozhwa, asi kune vamwe vane rakatsvuka tsvuku tsvuku tsvarakadenga. Inokura kusvika pakureba ingangoita makumi mana masendimita.

begonia semperflorens

Icho chirimwa chizvarwa chekuBrazil chinogona kuzvibata sechisingaperi kana chegore zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze (kana kuchitonhora chichafa munguva yechando). Iine oval, yakatenderera mashizha egirini uye madiki asi akanaka kwazvo epingi, matsvuku kana machena maruva. Inokura kusvika pakureba ingangoita 20-40 masentimita.

Ndezvipi zvinovanetsa?

Kana iwe uchida kutora kopi, tinokurudzira kupa inotevera tarisiro:

Climate

Kuva dzinopisa zvirimwa dzinogona kungorimwa kunze kwegore rese kana kunze kuchidziya uye pasina chando. Kubva pane zvakaitika ndinogona kukuudza izvozvo B. semperflorens Ndiro rinonyatsomira kutonhora, asi kana tembiricha ichidonha pazasi pemadhigirii anotanga kuve nenguva yakaipa.

Nzvimbo

• Interior: mune imwe imba ine yakawanda yechiedza chechisikigo, kure nemadhizaini. Kuti vagowana kukura kwakanaka uye kusimukira, vanofanirwawo kunge vari mune yakanyorova. Kuti uwedzere hunyoro tinokukurudzira kuti uverenge ichi chinyorwa.
• panze: mune semi-mumvuri (wakawanda kupenya kupfuura mumvuri).

Pasi

• Ruva poto: universal tsika substrate yakasanganiswa ne30% perlite. Kana iwe usingazive kwekutora, kutenga yekutanga yaunogona kuita tinya apa uye wechipiri pano.
• Garden: ivhu rebindu rinofanira kunge rakaorera, riine drainage yakanaka.

Kudiridza

Mazuva ese matatu kusvika matatu muzhizha uye mazuva gumi nerimwe kuzere kwegore. Tinofanira kudzivisa kuwanda kwemvura.

Vanyoreri

Kubva muchirimo kusvika mukupera kwezhizha inofanirwa kubhadharwa nefetiraiza yakaita se guano (unogona kumuwana pano) kana iyo yepasirese (unogona kuitenga Hapana zvigadzirwa zvakawanikwa.).

Kuwanza

Mbeu

Imwe nzira yekuwana mienzaniso mitsva ndeyekudyara mbeu yavo muchirimo. Nzira yekuenderera inotevera:

1. Chinhu chekutanga kuita kuzadza mubhedha wembeu neyakajairika tsika substrate yakasanganiswa ne30% perlite.
2. Mushure maizvozvo, inodiridzwa zvakanyanya.
3. Mbeu dzinozoiswa pamusoro payo kuitira kuti dzive kure kure sezvinobvira.
4. Pakupedzisira, ivo vakafukidzwa netete yakatetepa ye substrate uye inodiridzwa zvakare.

Mumazuva gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi matatu mbeu yekutanga ichaonekwa.

Kucheka

Begonia chirimwa chinowanda zvakanaka nekucheka kubva kumajaya madiki muchirimo. Zvayo, Vanofanira kuchekwa nesikisi yainge yakaiswa utachiona nehwafesi uye vozodyarwa muhari dzine vermiculite ungawanei pano.

Kana zvese zvikafamba mushe, mumwedzi vachatanga kukura midzi.

Zvipembenene

• Mites: mashizha akaremara semhedzisiro yekurwiswa kwaTarsonemus kana Stenotaronemus. Dzinorwa neacaricides.
• Hozhwa: iwo mamollusks anofarira kudya mashizha madiki. Ivo vanorwa pamwe kana ne molluscicides mishonga yemusha.
• Mealybugs: dzinogona kuve dzerudzi rwekotoni mvere kana iyo limpet mhando. Ivo vanodya pane maseru emashizha uye iwo manyoro madzinde. Ivo vanorwirwa neanti-mealybugs.
• Zvitete: Beetles anodya kumucheto, uye Otiorrhynchus larvae anokanganisa midzi. Ivo vanorwiswa neChlorpyrifos.
• Nhunzi chena: chipembenene chingangoita 0,5cm chena ruvara icho chinodya mashizha. Iyo inorwiwa neChlorpyrifos.
• Nguruve: tupuka tune urefu hunosvika 0,5cm iyo inogona kuve yero, shava kana green. Vanodyisawo pamashizha, pamwe nemaruva. Izvo zvinorwa nehumwe hutachiona.
• Mafambiro: iwo akaita kunge maheu enzeve asi madiki kwazvo ayo anodya pamashizha, uko kune mavara akatsvuka-akatsvuka uye zvisaririra zvehutachiona hwehutachiona hwakafanana nematema madema. Zvinogona kubviswa zviri nyore nebhurasho kana jira rakanyikwa mufesi yemishonga.

Zvirwere

• Korona nduru: mabhakitiriya Argobacterium tumefaciens inoumba galls pakorona yemashizha, asiwo pane zvimwe zvirimwa. Iko hakuna mushonga.
• Utachiona: ndidzo hosha dzinopfuudzwa nemabhakitiriya Xanthomonas begonia izvo zvinokonzeresa kuoneka kwe brown, yakatenderera uye ine hunyoro mavara pamashizha. Iko hakuna mushonga.
• Botritis: chirwere chefungal chinopfuudzwa neBotrytis fungus iyo inokonzeresa kuoneka kwe grey mold pamashizha. Iyo inorwiwa nekucheka zvikamu zvakakanganiswa, kudzikisa njodzi nekurapa nema fungicides akavakirwa nendarira.
• Nzvimbo yemashizha: iyo saprophyte Myrothecium roridum inokonzeresa kuoneka kwemavara etenderedzwa emashizha anova asina kufanira anenge 2,5 cm pakureba Iyo inorwiwa uye inodzivirirwa nekudzivisa kumwaya mashizha.
• Powdery chakuvhe: chirwere chefungal chinopfuudzwa neiyo Oidium fungus inokonzeresa kuoneka kwenzvimbo diki, dzinotaridzika zvine mafuta pamashizha, madzinde nemaruva. Iyo inorwiwa nefungicides yakavakirwa pamhangura sulfate.
• Dzinde rekuora: chirwere chefungal chinopfuudzwa nePythium fungus iyo inokonzera kusviba uye kuora kwemadzinde. Iko hakuna mushonga.
• Xanthomonas campestris pv. begoniae: ibacteria inokonzeresa kuora kwehunde uye mashizha akachekwa. Iko hakuna mushonga.

Kudyara kana kupandukira nguva

Muchirimo.

Iwe wafungei nezve izvi zvakakosha nezve Begonia?