Lychee (Litchi chinensis)

El lychee Ndiwo mumwe wemiti yemichero inonakidza kwazvo inotonhorera: inobereka michero inodyiwa, asi zvakare yakashongedza kwazvo. Mukuwedzera, inopa mumvuri wakanaka kwazvo uye iri nyore kutarisira. Asi unoziva zvakanakisa? Kunyangwe paakatangira, inokwanisa kumira kumwe kutonhora, ndosaka ichikwanisa kurimwa munzvimbo dzinodziya kana dzakadzikama.

Saka kana iwe uchida kuziva zvese zvakavanzika, usapotsa ichi chakakosha chinyorwa.

Mavambo uye hunhu

Iyo lychee, ine zita resainzi iri Litchi chinensis, muti unogara uri wegirini wakazvarirwa kumaodzanyemba kweChina, kumaodzanyemba kweIndonesia, uye kumabvazuva kwePhilippines. Inonyanya kuzivikanwa seChinese plum, lychee, Chinese mamonchillo. Inosvika kureba kwemamita manomwe kusvika gumi, ine korona inoumbwa nemashizha e lanceolate, girini muvara uye ine yakatarwa yepakati tsinga.

Maruva acho akacheneruka-chena kana yero, uye anogona kuve hermaphroditic kana murume. Chibereko (chinova chibereko chenhema zvechokwadi) idrupe rakareba 3-4cm uye rakaenzana ne3cm.. Chikamu chekunze -epicarp- chakatsvuka muvara uye chinobviswa zviri nyore. Iyo pulp yakachena, inotapira uye yakapfuma muvitamin C. Muchero wega wega une mhodzi imwe chete.

Subspecies

Vatatu vanozivikanwa:

• Litchi chinensis subp. chinensis: inokura kumaodzanyemba kweChina, kuchamhembe kweVietnam neCambodia.
• Litchi chinensis subsp philippensis: inokura muPhilippines.
• Litchi chinensis subsp javensis: inokura muMalaysia neIndonesia.

Ndezvipi zvinovanetsa?

Kana iwe uchida kuve nekopi, tinokurudzira kuti iwe ugopa iyo neinotevera hanya:

Nzvimbo

Lychee muti uyo inofanira kuiswa kunze, muzuva rose. Izvo zvakakoshawo kuti ingangoita 4-5 metres kubva kune zvimwe zvirimwa zvakareba, pasi pevhu, pombi uye nezvimwe.

Pasi

Inogona kukura mumhando dzese dzevhu, asi inosarudza iyo yakaorera uye ine yakanaka drainage. Haisi chirimwa chakakodzera kuve nacho muhari.

Kudiridza

Kakawandakunyanya munguva yezhizha. Iwe unofanirwa kudiridza kanokwana katatu pavhiki panguva yekupisa kwazvo kwegore, uye mazuva ese 3-3 mazuva ese akasara egore. Muchiitiko chekuti isu tinogara mune imwe nharaunda iyo inowanzoita chando, kuwanda kwekudiridza mumatsutso-chando kunofanirwa kuve kushoma.

Kana avhareji ye1600 mm ichidonha gore rega uye kunaya kuchiparadzirwa mukati memwedzi yegore, hazvizove zvakakosha kumwa mvura.

Vanyoreri

Zvakakosha kuisa fetereza mumwaka wese wekukurandiko kuti, kubva pakutanga kwechirimo kusvika kumagumo ezhizha / kutanga kwematsutso, nekuti kana zvisina kudaro zvaizotora nguva yakareba kuti zvibereke. Asi iwe haufanire kubhadhara nechero chigadzirwa, asi ne organic, senge guano, manyowa u vamwe.

Tichaisa ruoko rwakakomberedza trunk, kuitira kuti pave neyakaenzana ye3cm, uye tichaisanganisa zvishoma nepasi, tichishandisa badza (joko remaoko). Tichadzokorora kamwe chete pamwedzi kana mwedzi wega wega nehafu.

Kuwanza

Lychee inowanza nembeu muchirimo. Nhanho nhanho yekutevera ndeinotevera:

1. Kutanga, isu tinofanirwa kudya mimwe michero (zvine gumi, kuitira kuti pave nemukana uri nani wekuti dzinoverengeka dzichamera), hongu 🙂.
2. Mushure mezvo, tinosuka mbeu zvakanaka nemvura uye tinozviisa mugirazi, zvakare iine chinhu chakakosha chemvura, kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana.
3. Zuva rinotevera tinozadza seedling tireyi ine yepasi rose inokura substrate (unogona kuitenga pano).
4. Ipapo, tinoisa iyi tireyi mukati meimwe isina maburi, uye tinoidiridza nehana.
5. Tevere, tinoisa yakakwira mbeu mbiri muhomwe yega yega, uye tovafukidza netete yakatetepa ye substrate.
6. Nhanho inotevera ndeyekudiridza, ino nguva ne sprayer, kunyorovesa pamusoro peiyo substrate.
7. Chekupedzisira, isu tinosuma zita ratinenge tambonyora zita rechirimwa uye zuva rekudyara, uye isu tichaisa matireyi kunze, mune semi-mumvuri.

Saka, ichamera mushure memazuva mashoma (4-5), uye vachatanga kubereka michero kubva pamakore masere kana mapfumbamwe ekuberekwa.

Kuchekerera

Hapana chikonzero chekuchekerera. Iwe unongofanirwa kubvisa matavi akaoma, anorwara, asina kusimba kana akatyoka.

Kukohwa

Michero yacho inounganidzwa kana yatsvuka zvachose.

Zvipembenene

Inogona kukanganiswa neinotevera:

• Muchero unobhururuka: Inoita maburi muganda remichero. Mamwe mashoko
• Nguruve: dzinodya pamashizha akapfava. Mamwe mashoko.
• Drills kana borer: vanochera dzimba mumatavi.
• Tsvuku tsvuku: anodyisa maseru emashizha. Mamwe mashoko.
• Bhedha yemubhedha ine yakajeka tsvuku mamaki: inodya husavi hwemapazi madiki, zvinokonzeresa kufa kwayo.

Izvo zvinorwa nehumwe hutachiona.

Zvirwere

Kana ikadiridzwa zvakawandisa inogona kukanganiswa ne mushroom. Zviratidzo ndezvi:

• Root kuora.
• Mavara pamashizha.
• Kukurumidza kuwa kwemashizha uye / kana michero.
• Kukura kusungwa.

Izvo zvinorwa ne fungicides zvichibva pamhangura kana sarufa.

Rusticity

Sezvatakatarisira pakutanga, lychee muti unotsigira kutonhora. Saizvozvo, Inogona kurimwa panze chero bedzi tembiricha isingadonhe pazasi pe -2ºC.. Aya mazaya echando anofanirwa kubata nguva uye kwenguva pfupi; ndiko kuti, vanofanirwa kuve imwe yeaya mavanowanikwa asi nekukwira vanokwira kusvika pa10ºC kana kupfuura, nekuti kana zvisina kudaro chirimwa hachirarame

Mienzaniso midiki inoda kuchengetedzwa, semuenzaniso ne anti-chando pajira riya kana kuva navo mumatura.

Use

Kunze kwekushandisa kwayo seyekushongedza chirimwa, lychee inoshandiswa pamusoro pezvese kwayo kwekugadzirira uye yekurapa mashandisiro:

Culinary

Inogona kudyiwa sedhizeti, kana sechikafu. Kukosha kwayo kwehutano pa100g ndeinotevera:

• Makorori: 75kcal.
• Mvura: 82g
• Carbohydrate: 16,5g
• Mapuroteni: 0,85g
• Mafuta: 0,45g
• Fiber: 1,3g
• Zvitsva: 15,22g
• Mavhitaminzi: akapfuma muvhitamini C, folic acid, vhitamini K, uye mavitamini B1, B2, B3, B5 uye B6.
• Minerals: ine potasium, calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, mhangura uye zinc.

Mishonga

Lychee inoshandiswa kuchengetedza moyosezvo zvichibatsira kudzikisa njodzi yekurwara nemoyo kana mamwe matambudziko emwoyo. Saizvozvowo, zvinokurudzirwa zvikuru kuti vanhu vane chirwere cheBP vazvidye, sezvo yakafuma mu potasium uye yakaderera mune sodium.

Chekupedzisira, zvinobatsira kusimbisa immune system nekuda kwehuwandu hwayo hwevhitamini C.

Wakafungei nezvemuti uyu? Wanga uchimuziva here?