Mufananidzo - Flickr / cskk
Mitero yemitero imhando yemiti inowanzo kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzine madhaka, ndosaka iri imwe yedzinokurudzirwa kudyara munzvimbo dzine mafashama emvura, kana muminda iri mumatunhu uko kunonaya kakawanda. Nekudaro, ivo vanoitawo zvakanaka munzvimbo dzinenge dzisina kunyorova, asi zvichiri kukosha kuti vasashaye mvura chero nguva.
Ivo vanosvika anoshamisa marefu, anosvika makumi mashanu emamita. Nekuda kweizvi, iwo ndeimwe yemiti iyo inogona kumira zvakanyanya mumunda, uye zvakare, iyo inogona kupa mumvuri wakawanda. Chii chimwe, zvinonakidza kuziva kuti kune akati wandei marudzi eTaxodium. Tinovaziva here?
Kwakatangira uye hunhu hweiyo Taxodium
ari taxodium Iwo maConifers ari emhuri yeCompressaceae, uye ayo anowanikwa kumaodzanyemba kweNorth America. Ivo chaizvo vanogara mumatope nzvimbo, uko dzinogona kukura matanda anodarika makumi mana emamita kukwirira uye kusvika pamamita matatu muhupamhi. Zvakare, kana vari munzvimbo dzine mafashama, vanogadzira pneumatophores, ayo ari midzi yemuchadenga inovabatsira kufema.
Mashizha akaita kunge tsono, akasvibira, uye ari pakati pe 0,5 ne 2 masentimita kureba.. Vanozvibata sevasina kusimba kana ese ematsutso uye echando ari kutonhora uye akakosha echando akanyoreswa, asi kana mamiriro ekunze ari akati rebei ivo vari semi-perennial; ndiko kuti, ivo vanorasikirwa chete nechikamu chemashizha ayo anowanda korona yavo. Izvo zvakakoshawo kutaura kuti panguva yekudonha idzi dzinogona kushanduka dzvuku dzisati dzabvisa pabazi.
Kana ari maruva, haana. Zvinotendwa kuti iyo taxodium yakatanga yavo shanduko panguva yeUpper Cretaceous, pakati pemamirioni zana nemakumi matanhatu nematanhatu apfuura, uye panguva iyoyo munzvimbo dzakadzikama maconiferi akaramba achifambira mberi, nekuti ndipo paive nemhando dzakasiyana dzemhuka (uye nekudaro, zvakare vashoma vanokwikwidza mapollinator).
Asi chavanoita ndeche gadzira murume kana mukadzi globose makoni tichiyera anenge masendimita matatu muhupamhi. Aya makoni anotora nguva yakareba kuti akure kana kamwe pollination yaitika: pakati pemwedzi minomwe nemipfumbamwe. Kana vangozviita, zviyero zvavo zvinotsemuka kuvhurika, zvichisunungura mhodzi.
Sechido, ndikuudze izvozvo Taxodium fossil yakawanikwa muEurope: imwe yacho ichibva kune fossilized shizha remhando Taxodium dubium, yava kutsakatika, iyo yaigara mune izvo zvino yave Germany kusvika makore angangoita zviuru zviviri nemazana maviri apfuura.
Mhando dzeTaxodium
Parizvino, matatu marudzi eTaxodium anotambirwa, kunyangwe paine varongi vezvirimwa vanofunga kuti kune maviri chete, uye vamwe chete. Asi nekupihwa kuti vanogara munzvimbo dzakasiyana, uye vane saizi dzakasiyana, ngatione kuti idzi nhatu mhuka:
Taxodium inokwira
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- Mufananidzo - Wikimedia / David J. Stang
El Taxodium inokwira Iyo deciduous kana semi-evergreen conifer inozivikanwa se swamp cypress. Iyo inogara kumahombekombe eNorth Carolina uye inosvika kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweLouisana, kunyanya mumatope nenzizi. Inokura pakati pemamita imwe kusvika matatu pakureba. Mashizha acho akafanana, akaonda uye ari pakati pemamirimita matatu kusvika gumi. Makoni ayo akapetwa ne3 masendimita.
Kazhinji inofungidzirwa dzakasiyana siyana Taxodium distichum, kudanwa Taxodium distichum var imbricatum, asi ese mashizha nemakoni madiki pane aya. Zvakare, T. ascendens anosarudza ivhu risina huwandu hukuru hwevhu *.
* Cherekedza: silt rudzi rwevhu rinotakurwa nenzizi nemhepo, uye kazhinji rakapfuma kwazvo muzvinhu zvakasikwa. Iyo inozivikanwa zvakare sedope kana madhaka.
Taxodium distichum
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- Mufananidzo - Wikimedia / Darkone
El Taxodium distichum Iyo mhando inosarudzika inonzi iyo swamp cypress kana bald cypress, uye inogara kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweUnited States. Kunyanya kutaura, mumatope, kunyange ichichinjika kune yakaoma nzvimbo. Inosvika kureba kwemamita makumi matatu, uye inogadzira piramidhi kana conical mukombe. Matavi awo anowanzo kukura zvakatwasuka, uye mashizha awo akareba mamirimita gumi nemashanu. Inoburitsa makoni anosvika pamasendimita 15, iwo echirume ari madiki.
Yakaunzwa muEurope kutenderedza 1640, asi chokwadi ndechekuti iyi mhuka yaive yatogara kare muOld Continent makore angangoita mamirioni masere apfuura. Uchapupu hweizvi ndizvo zvisaririra zvakawanikwa muHungary muna Chikunguru 8 (kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezvazvo, tinya pano).
Taxodium mucronatum
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- Mufananidzo - Wikimedia / Luisalvaz
El Taxodium mucronatum (ikozvino Taxodium huegelii) ndeyakagara iri green kana semi-evergreen akasiyana anozivikanwa seahuehuete. Inowanikwa kuMexico, kunyangwe ichigona kuwanikwa mune ese maodzanyemba eTexas uye kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweGuatemala iri yoga. Inosvika pakakwirira kusvika pamamita matanhatu, uye mashizha awo akareba masendimita 1-2. Kana ari macones, aya ane oval kana yakatenderera, uye anoyera pakati pe1,5 kusvika 2,5 masentimita.
Kusiyana nemaviri apfuura, iyi ndiyo yega inongokura musango munzvimbo ine hunyoro. Inogona kuenderana neidzo dzinonaya, asi ichave nebudiriro irinani kana iri munzvimbo ine kana paine mvura isina kutsiga, kana uko kunonaya mvura zvakanyanya.
Ndeupi wavo waunonyanya kufarira?