Zvese nezve General Sherman muti, mukurusa munyika

Kune zvirimwa zvekuti kunyange zvazvo zvichikura zvishoma nezvishoma, panouya nguva inenge yareba zvekuti kuti ugone kuiona zvakanaka unotofamba chinhambwe chinhambwe, sezvinoitika pamichindwe nemiti. Asi, kana tichida kuziva kuti ndeipi imwe yeakareba kwazvo munyika, pasina kupokana tinofanira kutaura nezveGeneral Sherman., hofori sequoia (zita rayo resainzi ndiro Sequoiadendron giganteum) iyo yave ichikura kweanopfuura zviuru zviviri zvemakore, uye kuti isu tinovimba tichine mamwe mazana mashoma emakore asara, angangoita.

Kunyangwe zvichinzi ndiyo yakanyanya kureba, zvakakosha kuti urambe uchifunga kuti rekodhi iyi inobatwa neHyperion (sequoia sempervirens), redwood. Asi hongu tinogona kuti ndiro guru; ndiko kuti, iro rine vhoriyamu huru.

Chii chinonzi General Sherman muti wakaita sei?

Iyo coniferous mhando yemuti inofungidzirwa yakamera pakati pe2300 ne2700 makore apfuura, mune yava kunzi Sequoia National Park, muCalifornia (United States). Iyi paki yakagadzirwa muna 1890 uye inobata nzvimbo inosvika 1780 square kilometers. Ndiyo imba, sezita rayo rinoratidza, ye sequoias, imwe yemiti mikuru pasi rose, senge protagonist yedu, iyo yakareba mamita 83 uye inewo korona yakafara kwazvo, 8 mamita.

Zvinozivikanwa izvozvo ndiyo yakakura pasi rose nehuwandu hwehunde yayo, sezvo yakaverengerwa kuti ine 1487 m3.. Kuti ndikupe pfungwa, ukobvu hwayo hunosvika 11 metres, saka vanhu vakati wandei vanodiwa kuimbundira.

Ndeipi nhoroondo yayo?

Iyo General Sherman muti inotendwa Akabhabhatidzwa naJames Wolverton mugore ra1879. Murume uyu akashanda semutungamiriri muHondo Yenyika (1861-1865) inotungamirirwa naWilliam Tecumeseh Sherman. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, mugore ra1931, wakanga uchifananidzwa nomuti uri pedyo nawo, General Grant, uye somugumisiro weidzi fundo vakaziva kuti wakanga uri (uye ndiwo) une vhoriyamu hurusa.

Zvisinei, paivawo nenguva dzokufunganya. Uye ndizvozvo muna January 2006 bazi guru rakaputsika, iyo yakayera mamita anenge 30 kureba uye dhayamita inopfuura mamita maviri. Sezvayakawira pasi, yakarova fenzi yeperimeter uye nzvimbo yakatenderedza, zvichikonzera kukanganisa kukuru. Sezvineiwo, pakanga pasina kumwe kukuvadzwa.

Kunyange zvinotendwa kuti kudonha kwematavi chinhu chakajairika mumiti iyisechigadziriso chekugadzirisa. Izvi zvine musoro wakawanda, sezvo kune zvirimwa zvakawanda, senge Aloidendron (arosi yemuti) iyo dzimwe nguva inomanikidzwa kumira kudyisa bazi kudzivirira kufa nekupererwa nemvura; Uye zvechokwadi, nekufamba kwenguva matavi aya anooma uye anodonha.

Zvinoitwa neGeneral Sherman tree zvakafanana, asi nemusiyano wekuti mamiriro ekunze emuAloidendron habitat (Namibia kana South Africa) anopisa zvakanyanya uye anooma kupfuura emasequoias ari kumadokero kweUnited States.United States, saka hapana kunyunyuta pamusoro, kana ikozvino.

Ndeipi tarisiro yehupenyu yegiant sequoia?

La hofori sequoia Iyo conifer iyo inokura nekukurumidza, kunyanya mukati memakore gumi ekutanga ehupenyu apo inogona kusvika 15-20 metres pakureba. Uye ndezvekuti inofanirwa kushandisa zvakanyanya chiedza chidiki chinosvika pasi kuti chizvisimbise. Pashure penguva iyoyo, inoita zvishoma nezvishoma.

Kunyangwe zvakadaro, kana sampuli ichikwanisa kukunda vakwikwidzi vayo uye kuwana chikafu nemvura yainoda, anogona kurarama makore anosvika 3200. Mashizha ayo anoramba ari pamuti kwenguva yakareba, kusvikira atsiviwa zvishoma nezvishoma nezvitsva. Naizvozvo, chirimwa chine kugona kuita photosynthesis mazuva ese egore, chimwe chinhu chinoibatsira kukura uye kusimba.

Zvinonakidzawo kutaura izvozvo makwati ehunde yawo ane fibrous uye gobvu kwazvo, anenge 60 centimita, saka anoshanda sedziviriro pamoto.. Asi hongu: haisi kukudzivirira iwe 100%; chokwadi, zviri nyore kuwana giant sequoias ine chimwe chikamu chakatsva uye dema semhedzisiro yemoto.

Uye ndezvekuti, kunyangwe mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekugara, sezviri kuitika muchikamu chino cheCalifornia, moto chikamu cheecosystem, kunyange kubatsira mhodzi kubuda mumichero uye kumera, hatigone kumira kutaura nezvekudziya kwepasirese kuri kuwedzera. kushandura mamiriro emiti inogara. Saka, kana tembiricha ichikwira uye mvura isinganayi zvakanyanya, njodzi yemoto inokura uye inokonzeresa.

Zvese mune zvese, iyo General Sherman muti nevamwe vake vanogona kufema nyore. Kuti dzidzivirire pamoto, hunde dzadzo dzakaputirwa nefoiri yealuminium., sezvavakaita munaGunyana 2021 (unogona kuverenga nhau pano).

Uye iwe, wakave nemukana wekuzviona here?