Muti weMetusera, wakakura kwazvo munyika

Zvirimwa chimwe chezvinhu zvishoma zvipenyu zvinogona kurarama kwezviuru zvemakore; kunyange mukati mehumambo uhwu hukuru, munongova nemarudzi mashoma anohuita. Imwe yacho ndeye Pine longaeva, inova ndiyo yakapiwa zita nemuti Metusera.

Iyi conifers inogara munzvimbo dzakakwirira, uko nguva yechando inotonhora zvikuru uye yakareba, uye zhizha rinotora kwete kupfuura mavhiki mashomanana.. Asi ndizvo chaizvo mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma aya anovamanikidza kuti vakure zvishoma nezvishoma, nokudaro vachikwanisa kudarika makore 4000 XNUMX ezera.

Ndeapi maitiro emuti weMetusera?

Muti weMetusera muti unochengetedzwa zvakanyanya, zvekuti hatigone kukuratidza mufananidzo wawo nekuti isu hatisati tawana. Asi tinogona kukuudza izvozvo Inowanikwa muCalifornia (United States), kunyanya muInyo National Forest.

Icho chinonzi conifer Anenge makore 4847 ekuberekwa., yakawanikwa muna 1930 nenyanzvi yezvakaitika kare Edmund Schulman. Murume uyu akanga ari musayendisiti akanga akazvipira kudzidza mhete dzemiti kuti aone apo nguva dzakasiyana dzekusanaya kwemvura dzakaitika kusvika nhasi.

Asi sei protagonist yedu? Zvakanaka, kutarisa mifananidzo yezvienzaniso zve Pine longaeva vatochembera. tinogona kufunga kuti ine hunde yakamonyoroka pachayo. Hunde yakafara, zvichida mamita maviri muhupamhi, asi yakaderera pakureba, sezvo mhepo ine simba isingabvumiri kuti iwedzere kukura.

Mupfungwa iyi, kashoma kuti mapaini anogara kwenguva refu apfuure mamita mashanu pakureba; izvo chete zvakadzivirirwa zvishoma zvinogona kusvika 5 metres.

Uyewo, muti waMetusera wava pedyo nokuguma kwoupenyu hwawo. Kune avo vanofunga kuti "akafa kupfuura mupenyu", saka zvichida ine matavi mashoma ane mashizha akasvibira.

Ehe saizvozvo, zvose izvi fungidziro, sezvandinotaura zvichibva pane zvinogona kuonekwa mumifananidzo ye Pine longaeva vachembera, uye tichifunga nezvemamiriro ezvinhu anogara miti iyi.

United States Forest Service inoramba kuburitsa nzvimbo chaiyo kudzivirira kuparadza, chimwe chinhu chinosuruvarisa kuti chakatoitika muna 1964, apo mudzidzi weyunivhesiti akarayira (kana kucheka, hazvina kujeka) mudzi wehofori: Prometheus, uyo aivawo wemarudzi akafanana naMetusera, asi akanga akwegura: akanga ane makore anenge 4900. .

Kusvika nhasi, zvakasara zvePrometheus zvakachengetwa zvakanaka paYunivhesiti yeArizona.

Uye chokwadi, hapana anoda kuti Metusera atambure zvakafanana, kana kuti kuguma akuvadzwa nevanhu vanoda kuzviona.

Muti weMetusera ndiwo wakura kudarika mamwe ose munyika here?

Paunenge uchitsvaga ruzivo paInternet nezvemuenzaniso uyu, anenge ese masaiti anokuudza kuti hongu, ndiyo yekare. uye hongu ndizvo. Uyezve, zvinofungidzirwa kuti Pine longaeva Inogona kurarama kusvika kumakore 5200 ezera.

Asi kune chipenyu chinenge chatokura. Ndiri kutaura nezvazvo Simbe muti, aspen ine midzi inenge makore 80.000. Inokura muNorth America, kuti ive chaiyo, paFish Lake plateau muColorado (Utah).

Unoitarisira sei iyo Pine longaeva?

Iyo conifer inogara zvakanaka chete munzvimbo dzine mamiriro ekunze akafanana neaya kwaakabva. Nechikonzero ichi, Haifaniri kudyarwa munzvimbo dzinopisa, nzvimbo yeMediterranean kana kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzinodziya.

Imuti wemugomo, wakagadzirirwa kurarama mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Naizvozvo, kupisa kunowanzoitika munyika dzakaita seSpain semuenzaniso, hakungakuitire zvakanaka. Asi kana uchigara munzvimbo inotonhorera, uye kana paine kwakakosha kudonha kwechando munguva yechando, zvino zvinogona kunakidza kuva neimwe.. Aya ndiwo maitiro akajairwa aunofanirwa kupa:

• Nzvimbo: isa kunze kubva panguva yekutanga. Kana mamiriro ekunze ari iwo achangobva kutaurwa, unogona kuisa panzvimbo ine zuva; kana zvisina kudaro zviri nani kuti ive mumumvuri kana semi-mumvuri.
• Ivhu kana substrate: zvakakosha kuti ivhu rive neacidic zvishoma uye rine mvura yakanaka. Kana iwe uchizove nazvo muhari, zvinokurudzirwa kuisa substrate yemiti ine acid, senge. izvi.
• Kudiridza: unofanirwa kuidiridza mazuva matatu kana mana muzhizha. Mukati memwaka yose yasara, munofanira kuzviita muine nzvimbo yakawanda, sezvo nyika inoramba yakaoma kwenguva refu.
• Vanyoreri: unogona kuiisa mupfudze nefetireza yepasi, senge earthworm humus kana guano (inotengeswa pano) Tora mukana wemwedzi inodziya kuita kudaro, uchitevera mirairo yekushandiswa.
• Rusticity: muti unokwanisa kumira tembiricha kusvika -34ºC; kune rumwe rutivi, haifarire kupisa (20ºC kana kupfuura).

Sezvaunogona kuona, muti weMetusera nemarudzi ayo ndewawo zvisikwa zvipenyu zvakasiyana zvikuru.