Holm muouki (Quercus ilex)

El Quercus ilex Ndiwo muti unogara uri wakasvibira, dzimwe nguva shrub, unogona kukura muminda mikuru kana midiki. Iyo yekukura mwero inononoka, asi nekufamba kwenguva inopa inonakidza kwazvo mumvuri. Uye zvakare, michero yainoburitsa inodyiwa.

Kana iwe uchida kuziva maitiro ekuzvichengeta, usarega kuverenga 🙂.

Mavambo uye hunhu

Imhando yezvizvarwa zvedunhu reMediterranean, inowanikwa munzvimbo yese yeIberian Peninsula, Balearic Islands, North Africa, France neItari. Iyo zvakare inokura mumapoinzi muUK. Inozivikanwa nezita resainzi Quercus ilex, uye neyakajairwa pfupi kana pfupi, holm oak, holm oak kana alzina.

Inokura kusvika pakakwirira kusvika pamamita gumi nematanhatu kusvika makumi maviri nemashanu, ine mukombe wedenderedzwa pakutanga unozotenderedzwa nekufamba kwemakore. Chero zvazvingaitika, zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti inogona kuramba iri segwenzi remamita 3-5, kunyanya kana nzvimbo yacho ine mabwe kana kuti isina zvinovaka muviri zvakakwana, kana ikanaya zvishoma.

Mashizha acho anogara akasvibira, yasara mumuti avhareji yemakore 2,7 kuti gare gare ichitsiviwa neimwe mitsva. Vane hunyoro hweganda, uye vane rima girini pamusoro pepamusoro uye vakareruka pazasi pezasi. Kana ichinge iri diki ine minzwa kumahombekombe, uye kana yangoti kurei inayo pamatavi ezasi. Neichi chikonzero, muchimiro chayo chakashata chiri nyore kuvhiringidzwa neholly.

Iyo dioecious, zvinoreva kuti kune tsoka dzechikadzi nedzemurume. Maruva echikadzi madiki, ari ega kana ari mumapoka maviri, orenji-yero kana akura; iwo echirume anoonekwa mukurembera uye machira ejena. Chibereko ndiyo tsanga, inenge yakareba 2-3cm uye iine chivharo chinoifukidza inenge hafu. Kazhinji, zvinotora avhareji yemakore gumi nemashanu kusvika gumi nemashanu kuti ugone kubereka michero kekutanga kubvira mbeu yamera.

Mhando dzakasiyana

Kune mhando dzakasiyana kana subspecies yemuouki, iwo makuru ari anotevera:

• Quercus ilex 'Rotundifolia': kana Quercus rotundifolia. Inozivikanwa seyakazara-yakasiya holm oak, inotapira holm oak kana inotapira acorn holm oak, iwo unogara uri girini muti wemamirita masere kusvika gumi nemashanu pakureba kunozvarwa kuIberian Peninsula, North Africa, mamwe matunhu eFrance uye mamwe eUnited Kingdom.
• Quercus ilex 'Ilex': Pakutanga kubva kune mamwe mativi eFrance uye ese mamwe maMediterranean, senge Balearic Islands kana Italy

Ndezvipi zvinovanetsa?

Kana iwe uchida kuva nekopi, tinokurudzira kuti uzvichengete seinotevera:

Nzvimbo

Ndiwo muti unofanirwa kuve kunze, muzere zuva kana mune semi-mumvuri. Haina midzi inopinda, asi inoda nzvimbo yekukura saka zvakakosha kuti idyarwe anosvika 5-6 metres kure nepombi, ivhu rakagadzirwa uye mimwe miriwo mirefu.

Pasi

• Ruva poto: Inoshandisa sosi yepasi rose inokura yakasanganiswa ne30% perlite, asi hausi muti unogona kuchengetwa mumudziyo kwehupenyu hwayo hwese.
• Garden: holm oak inokura mune siliceous kana ivhu rerime, yakanyoroveswa.

Kudiridza

Icho chirimwa chinoshora kusanaya kwemvura zvakanaka, asi pasina kuenda kune zvakanyanyisa. Kuti ive nekukura kwakanaka uye budiriro zvinodikanwa kuidiridza zvakanyanya kana kushoma kazhinji munguva yezhizha, kudzivirira pasi kuoma zvachose, uye mazuva ese 4-5 ese egore.

Uye ndezvekuti, hongu, zvinobva kuMediterranean uye nekudaro zvinoshanduka pasina matambudziko kuti ugare munzvimbo dzinowanikwa mwaka wezhizha uye unodziya uye nguva yechando iri nyoro, asi kana iwe uine rubatsiro, kunyangwe diki, kuve nani kwauri.

Zvisinei, kana usina chokwadi, tarisa humhutu hwevhu usati wadiridza. Kune izvi unogona kushandisa dhijitari humidity mita kana kuisa tsvimbo yematanda yakatetepa.

Vanyoreri

Kubva kutanga kwematsutso kusvika kunonoka kwechando / kutanga kudonha unogona kuribhadhara kamwe chete pamwedzi ne Organic mafetiraiza, senge guano (unogona kuitenga pano mu powder uye pano mvurasemuenzaniso, uchitevera madhairekisheni akataurwa papakeji.

Kuwanza

El Quercus ilex inowanza nembeu kana nemidzi yemidzi muchirimo. Ngatione maitiro ekuenderera mune ese kesi:

Mbeu

1. Kutanga iwe unofanirwa kuzadza hari ingangoita 13cm dhayamita ine yepasi rose inokura substrate uye uidiridze zvakakwana.
2. Mushure mezvo, huwandu hwembeu mbiri hunoiswa pakati, uye hwakafukidzwa netete yakatetepa ye substrate.
3. Ipapo mhangura kana sarufa zvinosaswa pamusoro.
4. Mushure mezvo, ivo vakafukidzwa netete yakatetepa ye substrate uye vanodiridza zvakare, ino nguva ne sprayer.
5. Pakupedzisira, hari inoiswa kunze, mune semi-mumvuri.

Vachamera mumwedzi 1-2.

Midzi inopfura

Midzi nhungirwa imbeu dzinobuda padyo nemuti wamai. Kuti uzvitsaure, unofanirwa kugadzira migero yakadzika makumi maviri, uye ubvise nokungwarira. Dzinobva dzasimwa muhari dzakasiyana kana mubindu, uye kudiridzwa ne midziyo yekugadzirisa midzi kusvikira kukura kwaonekwa (kazhinji kunotora mavhiki mashoma).

Kuchekerera

Mukupera kwechando inogona kutemwakunyangwe zvakanyanya. Tinofanira kubvisa matavi akaoma, anorwara kana asina kusimba, pamwe nekuchekerera iwo ari kukura zvakanyanya.

Madenda nezvirwere

Iyo inopokana kwazvo neyakawandisa, asi iri panjodzi yekurwiswa nayo defoliation mhashu (tortrix uye Limantria), pamwe neizvo zvinonzi iyo muouki wakaoma. Hazvisi pachena kuti zvikonzero zvekupedzisira zvinogona kunge zviri zvipi, asi kana muti wanga uchingowana mvura yakajairwa uye wozotambura nekusanaya kwemvura, ingangove nenguva yakaipa kwazvo kusvika pakuva munjodzi yekufa.

Kuti udzivise matambudziko, zvakakosha kuti utarisire zvakanaka iyo Quercus ilex, uchimupa mvura uye 'chikafu' (fetiraiza) pazvinenge zvichidikanwa, uye pamusoro pazvose kusanyanyisa kuchekerera.

Rusticity

Inodzivisa chando kusvika -12ºC, asi hausi muti kuti uve munzvimbo dzinopisa.

Inoshandisa chii?

• Chishongo: chirimwa chinoshongedza kwazvo, icho nekufamba kwenguva chinopa mumvuri wakanaka. Uye zvakare, inogona kutemwa kuti ikupe gwenzi kana chimiro chebhonsai.
• ChikafuAcorn anoshandiswa seye pfuma yezvipfuyo mumafuro, asi zvinodyiwawo kuvanhu.
• Madera: inoshandiswa kugadzira marasha, uye kugadzira zvidimbu zvinomiririra kukweshera kwakanyanya senge ngoro kana magejo.
  Iyo bark inokosheswa nekusenda dehwe, kunyanya muMorocco.

Wakafungei nezve Quercus ilex?