Nzira yekutarisira dahlias

Dahlias akakwana kuve nehari, mumapuranti pamwe chete nezvimwe zvirimwa zvakafanana, uye kunyangwe mubindu, nokudaro kugadzira chinoshamisa chemavara munguva yezhizha.

Dahlias anowanikwa, kunyanya kubva kuNorth America, kunyanya kubva kuMexico. Ivo vanokosheswa zvakanyanya nevadi vezvirimwa nekuda kwemhando dzakasiyana siyana dzemavara uye maumbirwo emaruva avo, ayo anofungidzirwa kuti Iko kune angangoita zviuru makumi maviri zvekurima paInternational Dahlia Registry.

General kuchengetedza dahlias

Kana iwe uri mumwe wevanhu vanoda kuve nezvirimwa izvi kana iwe uchitova nazvo, unofanirwa kuziva kuti kutarisirwa kwakawanda kweruva iri kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakakosha: Chiedza nenzvimbo, mamiriro ekunze, ivhu nemanyowa, kudiridzira, kutumbuka uye kudzora zvipembenene.

Chiedza uye nzvimbo

Kuti chirimwa ichi chikure zvakanaka, inofanira kunge iri munzvimbo ine mwenje wakawanda, kunyanya kana iwe uchida kunakidzwa nemaruva ayo akanaka.

Mukati menzvimbo yauchachiisa, tsvaga nzvimbo iyo iyo chirimwa inogona kugamuchira yakawanda mwenje, iyo inogona kuve padhuze nepahwindo kana munzvimbo yechiedza mukati meimba yako.

Zvino, kana nzvimbo yaunogara zuva rakanyanya, uchafanirwa kuiisa munzvimbo yemumvuri, kana kwainogona kudzivirirwa kubva kuna nyeredzi mambo panguva dzehuwandu hwekuwanda, uko kunowanzova masikati.

Chimwe chinhu chekufunga nezvacho pakusarudza nzvimbo yemuti wako, inofanirwa kunge iri mhepo yemhepo inopfuura napo, nekuti kana yakasimba, dahlia wako anogona kukuvadza zvakanyanyaSaka tsvaga nzvimbo inopa chirimwa dziviriro yakakwana.

Climate

Dahlias vari vanobudirira zvakanyanya mumamiriro ekunze akadzikamaZvinogona kutaurwa kuti ndizvo zvavanofarira, asi kunyangwe paine chokwadi chekuti vanomira nekupisa zvakanaka pasina kuoneswa kwavari kwenguva yakareba, vanogona zvakare kumira kwakadzika tembiricha uye chando kusvika -5ºC.

Kune nzvimbo dzine chando chakanyanya kusimba pane dzimwe, saka zvichave zvakakodzera kuti iwe ubatsire yako dahlias neine gobvu remuriwo jasi pachigadziko chayo nemabhuru ayo, kunyangwe iwe uchigona zvakare kubvisa iyo yekupedzisira uye wozvichengeta munzvimbo yakachengetedzwa, kana tembiricha iri yakadzika kwazvo. Kamwe chando chapfuura, unogona kuvadyara zvakare pasina dambudziko.

Ivhu uye manyowa

Kana iri nyika iwe yaunogona kudyara kana kuve neyako dahlias, tsvaga kuti inofanirwa kuverengerwa neyakaenzana yakawanda yezvinhu zvakasikwa, saka tinogona kukurudzira kuti uyu uve honye humus, compost kana bokasni, sezvo mafetiraiza aya achizokutendera kuti uve nemuti wako usina makemikari ekugadzira.

Kana iwe uchifanira kuiisa kudyara iyo dahlia, unofanirwa kubvisa ivhu kana substrate, zvekuti yakasununguka uye ine dhiraini iri nani. Shandisa fetereza yese kana kompositi yaunoda, sezvo yakawanda mari ichakubatsira iwe kuipfumisa zvakanyanya uye yeuka kudzokorora maitiro aya nguva yechando yega yega.

Kudiridza

Kunyangwe dahlias achidzivirira kupisa, hazvireve kuti ivo havazoda kuti iwe uvadiridze, asi, chirimwa chinokoshesa zvikuru kudiridza kwako kazhinji uye zvakanyanya, kunyanya pamazuva iwayo kana kuchidziya kupfuura zvakajairwa.

Nokuda kweizvi uchafanirwa kunyorovesa pasi rese kwete mashizha emuti, uye ndoda maruva awo, nekuti nenzira iyi unenge uchidzivirira matambudziko ekunyanyisa mwando.

Zvakakosha kudzokorora kuti zvakakosha kuti unodiridza dahlias ako kazhinji mukati menguva dzinopisa, asi usinga wedzere, sekumwe mababu haagone kuwedzera mvura kana hunyoro, saka, kana ukazviita zvishoma, asi kazhinji, unogona kudzivirira zviri pamusoro.

Kutumbuka

Vanoda Dahlia, iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti izvi zvinomera zvinotumbuka mukati memwedzi miviri yekudyara mababu avo, nguva ichatodikanwa kuti maruva aya achekwe, chete kana avhura uye asvika pakakodzera tsinde.

Kana munda wacho wave nemwedzi mipfumbamwe, zvinhu zvinodiwa zvinogona kuburitswa kuburitsa matanda, zvinoenderana nekubviswa kwema mechanical kweiyo tubers yemuti uyu.

Zvipembenene

Kudzora zvipembenene mu dahlias hakuzove dambudziko kana vakachengetwa nemazvo, se izvi zvinopokana nezvipukanana nezvirwere zvakasiyana siyanakunyange zvakadaro aphid dema ndiye muvengi wake mukuru.

Hunde yemuti uyu ndiyo inodiwa nzvimbo yechipembenene ichi, kunyangwe ichigonawo kukanganisirwa ne aphid yakasvibira, iyo inorwira kuve muchikamu chekutanga chemashanga. Iwe uchafanirwa kuvapwanya usingade kuvabvisa zvachose, hongu, pasina kukuvadza chirimwa chero nguva.

Chimwe chipembenene icho chinofarirwawo nemadhahlias hozhwa, asi kuti urwe iwe unozoda kuita mimwe misungo.

Kana iwe usina hanya kwakakodzera nemuti uyu, inogona kutambura nehutachiona hwe mosaic, asiwo chirwere chebacteriosis, icho kana chikachikanganisa zvakanyanya, chinokumanikidza kurasa chirimwa, saka zvirinani kudzivisa kunyorovesa mashizha nemaruva eya dahlia yako.

Zviratidzo

Vanosvika pakureba pakati pe30 ne100 cm nematavi akawanda, hunhu hwaunogona kuva nahwo kwaunoda zvakanyanya.

Izvi zvinomera zvinoda zuva, saka hazvikure zvakanaka munzvimbo dzine mumvuri kana semi-mumvuri. Iwe unogona zvakare kuva nayo mukati chero bedzi iyo imba iri yakajeka uye inogona kuipa iwo anenge 3-4 maawa echiedza chakananga (kana nepahwindo).

Midzi yepasi pevhu ye dahlia inobuda kubva pamutsipa wechirimwa uye ndeiya yakajairika fasciculate tuberous mhando. Inokura mumapfundo kana mukati, ichiumba chivakwa icho chainogona kuchengeta nekubereka.

Kana ari mashizha awo, izvi zvinoenderana neimwe yemhando dze dahlias, asi izvi zvinogona kuve zvakapusa kana zvakasanganiswa, asi zvese zvakatarisana kana kurongedzwa. Shizha rayo mashizha anogona kuwanikwa akazara kana kupatsanurwa, oval muchimiro ane serrated kana mitsetse yakatwasuka uye girini muvara.

Maruva emuti uyu ari padanda rawo uye akarongedzwa. Chimiro cheichi chinosiyana zvichienderana nemhando, pamwe nehukuru hwayo neruvara, asi zvinonyanya kukosha ndezvitsvuku, zvichena, pinkish orenji nepepuru.

Muzhizha uye kupera mumatsutso, inguva iyo dahlias inowanzotumbuka. Kunyangwe ivo vachigonawo kukura munzvimbo dzinopisa, kupisa kwakanyanya kunogona kukonzera kuti maruva amire.

Dahlia mhando

Dahlia chirimwa icho chinopfuura makumi mashanu ezviuru zvemarudzi anozivikanwa, asi kune vamwe vanozivikanwa kupfuura vamwe, saka isu tichakuudza kuti mamwe emamwe emakopi ndeapi:

Zvakareruka

Zviratidzo zvedahlias yakapusa haina saizi yakaenzana yemamwe marudzi, sezvo vachigona kusvika pakati pe45 ne60 masentimita, nepo hupamhi hwe inflorescence yavo ichisvika ingangoita gumi masentimita uye iwo ari kunyanya maruva ehubhu akakomberedzwa netsanga mumitsara.

Anemone

Imwe mhando ye dahlias iri Anemone, inozivikanwa zvikuru uye inogona kukura kusvika pakati pe60 kusvika 90 masentimita, uko inflorescences ayo ari zvakare anenge gumi masendimita muhupamhi.

Vanogona kuve nemutsara wemaruva etsanga kana akati wandei, ayo ari pamupendero, nepo mukati meizvi Iine diski yemaruva akakura akafanana nehubhu.

Collar

Iyo collar-mhando dahlias, Iwo maruva anoratidza runako runoshamisa uye izvo zvinogona kukosheswa zvirinani, nekuda kwehurefu hwavanogona kusvika, huri pakati pe75 ne120 masentimita, nepo mabhasiketi avo achigona kuve nehupamhi hwemasentimita gumi.

Nezve inflorescence yeaya dahlias ine mutsara wemaruva etsanga, iyo inotsigirwa neyekuchinja kora mhete, iyo ine tubular disk mukati.

Nymphs

Rudzi rwe dahlia runogona kusvika kusvika ku 1,2 metres pakureba, uko kwaro curl inflorescences dzakapetwa uye dzinogona kusvika pamasendimita gumi nemashanu paupamhi.

Maruva etsanga enymphs akati sandara uye ane micheto iyo inokwidzwa zvishoma.

Kushongedza

Imwe mhando ye dahlias ndeyekushongedza, mamwe maruva anosvika pamamita gumi nemashanu pakureba uye ane inflorescence yemasentimita makumi maviri nemashanu kana kupfuura, ane maruva epakati epakati, ayo akapamhama uye akasimba.

Idenderedzwa

Iko kune zvakare dahlias erudzi rwekutenderera, ayo, sekureva kwezita, Iwo akatenderera muchimiro uye nemapompu akafanana, saka ivo vanongosiyaniswa nehupamhi hwehunyoro inflorescence yavo.

Kukura kwedenderedzwa reruva iri kunogona kusvika pamamita 1,2 uye kuve nehupamhi hunosvika pamasendimita gumi nemashanu emaruva e tsvimbo dzakatenderedzwa kana dzinovhara.

Pompom

Pompom dahlias uine bhora-rakagadzirwa curl inflorescence Inogona kusvika masendimita mashanu muhukuru, uye maruva ayo ekumucheto akapetwa nehutenderedzwa kana kutetepa tip.

Rangarira kuti aya anongova mamwe emhando dzedhahlias dziripo, sezvo paine zvimwe zvakawanda, kunyangwe hazvo kuchengetwa kwese kwavari uye nemamiriro ekusimudzira kwavo kucharamba kwakafanana.

Kutevera iwo matipi ataurwa muchinyorwa chino, unogona kuchengetedza yako dahlia kudyara kwakachengeteka kana tanga imwe kana usati wave nayo. Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti iwe ugare uchiona kuti ine zvese zvinodikanwa mukusimudzira kwayo, nekudaro uchikwanisa kuenderera uchinakidzwa nemuti unoyevedza.