Versailles Gardens

ari Versailles Gardens Iwo ndiwo anonyanya kufarirwa magadheni eFrance, kwete muFrance chete, asiwo mune dzese pasirese. Ivo vanogara munzvimbo hombe, uye vanoshongedza iyo Imba ine zita ravo. Imba yaigarwa nemadzimambo akati wandei, uye yakaona zvirimwa zvakawanda zvakasimwa kubva payakasikwa, anopfuura makore mazana matatu apfuura

Nhoroondo yaro ndeye yekudzora kwechisikirwo nevanhu, asi zvakare chiratidzo chakakosha chekuti ungaite sei munda uzere nehupenyu.

A bit of history

Kwakatangira iyo Gardens yeVersailles inogona kuwanikwa munguva yaMambo Louis XIII. Muna 1632 akatenga ivhu iro panguva iyoyo raive raJean-François de Gondi, uye nguva pfupi mushure mekunge ave nemagadheni ekutanga epapiro rekumadokero rakagadzirwa varimi vaviri vane mukurumbira wenguva iyoyo: Claude Mollet naHillaire Masson. Vanofanira kunge vaimuda zvakanyanya, nekuti chirongwa chakakosha chakagara kusvika muna 1660, paakachiwedzera.

Zvisinei, pane zvimwe zvinyorwa izvo zvichiripo chaizvo. Semuenzaniso, iwo mabvazuva-kumavirazuva uye kuchamhembe-kumaodzanyemba masanhu anoyambuka iyo, kana iwo marongero akaisirwa pamiti, pamwe nekushandiswa kweaya kunge ruzhowa.

Nekuuya kwaLouis XIV kusimba, Akave nemisangano yakati wandei naLouis Le Vau, aive mugadziri wegurukota rake rezvemari (Nicolas Fouquet), mupendi Charles Le Brun uye mugadziri wemamiriro ekunze anonzi André Le Notre. Chibereko chehurukuro dzisingaverengeke, iwo maGadheni eVersailles akawedzerwa uye akashongedzwa mukutonga kwake kose.

Matanho ekuvakazve, kubva 1662 kusvika 1709

Louis XIV akakumikidza chikamu chakanaka chekutonga kwake pakuvakwa kwemapindu akakomberedza Muzinda. Muchokwadi, ndiko kwaari kuti isu tine chikwereti chitarisiko chavanacho nhasi.

Asi, senge chero gadheni rakakosha munyu, yakapfuura nhanho dzakasiyana dzekuvakazve:

• Gore 1662: Gore rino rakatsaurirwa kuwedzera mibhedha yaive yatove, nekugadzira mitsva. Izvo zvinhu zvekusimbisa iyo Orangerie, iyo inzvimbo iyo miti yemaranjisi inogona kudzivirirwa munguva yechando; uye Grotto yeTetis, iri kuchamhembe kweMuzinda uye inoenderana naLouis XIV nekufungidzira kwezuva.
• Makore 1664 kusvika 1668: Mumakore aya danho rekuvakwa kwematsime nekushongedzwa kwemapindu nemasango zvakatanga, pamwe chete nezvifananidzo zvine chekuita neZuva naApollo. Kuvakwa kweGran Canal kwakatangawo muna 1668 uye kwakapedzwa muna 1671.
• Makore 1674 kusvika 1687: Mumakore iwayo magadheni akabva pakuva nesitayera yechisikigo kuenda pakuve neyakawanda yekuvaka. Madziva ane maumbirwo ejometri akavakwa, maOrangery akaputswa uye chivakwa hombe chakagadzirwa, uye masango matatu akagadziridzwa kana kugadzirwa.
• Makore 1704 kusvika 1709: mushure meHondo Yemakore Mapfumbamwe uye Hondo yeSpanish Kutsiviwa, mamwe masango akagadziridzwa zvishoma uye akatopihwa mamwe mazita aive nechokuita nemakore ekupedzisira aLouis XIV.

Zera rekusava nechokwadi (1715 kusvika 1774)

Kubva muna 1715 kusvika 1722 Mambo Louis XV akange asipo zvachose kuGardens reVersailles, uye paakadzoka haana kuda kuzoteerera zvakare, achifurirwa nasekuru vake, avo vakamurayira kuti asatange nhimbe huru yekuvaka.

Chinhu chega chakakosha chaakaita ndechekupedza dziva reNeptune pakati pa1738 na1741, pamwe nekuvaka Le Petit Trianon, iri mu »Queen's Village». Makore mashoma gare gare, muna 1774, akafa.

Kwayedza shanduko (1774 kusvika 1791)

Nekusimuka kwe Louis XVI kuchigaro cheFrance, iwo maGadheni eVersailles akayedza shanduko. Murume uyu aida kushandura gadheni chaiyo yechiFrench kuita yeChirungu; ndiko kuti, akaita zvese zvinobvira kuti zviite sezvisikwa, pasina kushandura mamiriro enzvimbo zvakanyanya.

Ichi ndicho chikonzero mizhinji yemiti yakasimwa panguva yekutonga kwaLouis XIV yakatemwa. Chii chimwe, Hupenyu hurges, iyo yaida kugara ichichekererwa, yakatsiviwa nemiti yakadai semalinden miti kana lined chestnut miti.

Zvisinei, akakurumidza kuona kuti mamiriro enzvimbo iyi aisamutendera kuti ave nebindu reChirungu; saka akadzokera kunoipa iyo fashoni yechiFrench, asi hongu, akangobvisa izvo nyanzvi dzake dzaakamukurudzira kuti abvise. Semuenzaniso, iyo basa Grotte des Bains d'Apollon, yakavakwa musango remhando yechirungu iro richiri rakachengetedzwa.

Chimurenga uye gare gare nguva yaNapoleoniki

Iyo gore 1792 raive rakaipa kwazvo gore kune maGadheni eVersailles. Mimwe miti yakatemwa kubva mumasango, uye zvikamu zveGrand Parc zvakaparadzwa. Neraki, mamiriro acho haana kunyanya kuoma nekutenda kumukuru webindu rezvemiti Louis Claude Marie Richard, uyo aitaura nehurumende achiti miriwo inogona kudyarwa mumaruva, uye munzvimbo dzakasiiwa dzakavhurika miti yemichero inogona kudyarwa.

Saka tinosvika kunguva yaNapoleon, aigara pamwe chete naMambokadzi Maria Luisa muMuzinda. MuMagadheni, miti yakawanda yakaramba ichidimburwa, uye semhedzisiro, ivhu rakakukurwa uye zvitsva zvaifanira kudyarwa.

Kudzoreredza (1814 kusvika 1817)

Muna 1814 kudzoreredzwa kwekutanga kwemapindu kwakatanga kubva shanduko. Zvirimwa zvainge zvakashata zvakatsiviwa, matambudziko angave akagadziriswa matsime nemadziva,… muchidimbu, iwo maGadheni eVersailles zvishoma nezvishoma akawanazve kubwinya kwawo panguva ino.

Nguva nyowani (1886 - iripo)

Muna 1886 akauya Pierre deNolhac semutungamiriri weMuseum yeMagadheni eVersailles. Murume uyu aive nyanzvi huru, uye Akakumikidza chikamu chakanaka chehupenyu hwake pakuziva, uye nekuzivisa kuburikidza nemabhuku aakanyora, nhoroondo yeImba yeMuzinda nemapindu ayo. Asi pamusoro pezvo, ivo vakanyora maitiro avanofanira kudzoreredzwa uye kuchengetedzwa.

Idzo nzira dziri kuteverwa parizvino.

Ndeapi maitiro eiyo Gardens yeVersailles?

Iwo Mapindu eVersailles Ivo vane nzvimbo ye 800 mahekita, yakashongedzwa neinosvika mazana maviri emiti miti, uyezve mamwe 200.000 maruva anodyarwa gore rega.. Izvi zvinomera zvinoshandisa avhareji yemazana matanhatu emazana emamirimita emvura. Kana iwe uchida kuvashanyira, unofanirwa kuenda kuPeople d'Armes, muVersailles, France.

Chii chekuona?

Kuona uye kunakidzwa neGadheni dzeVersailles chiitiko chisingakanganwiki. Unogona kuona zvirimwa, izvo zviri pachena, mazhinji acho. Asiwo zvimwe zvinhu zvinoita kuti ude nzvimbo yacho. Semuyenzaniso:

Musha waMambokadzi

Musha waMambokadzi uri muLittle Trianon, muImba yeVersailles. Yakavakwa naMarie Antoinette muna 1782, uyo aitsvaga nzvimbo yaaigona kubva kudare nemitemo yaro. Aishuvira kugona kutungamira hupenyu padyo nemasikirwo, uye kugona kukanganwa kuti aive mambokadzi. Saka, Makamuri gumi nemaviri akavakwa, rimwe nerimwe riine munda waro wemichero, munda wemichero, kana bindu remaruva.

Grand Canal yeVersailles

Nenharaunda yemahekita makumi maviri nemana uye mita mbiri yakadzika, ndiro dziva rakakura kwazvo muVersailles yese. Yakavakwa naAndré Le Notre pakati pa1666 na1679, uye kubvira 1979 yakanzi World Heritage Site neUNESCO, pamwe nemamwe maGadheni pamwe neImba.

Mukuru Trianon

Great Trianon, kana kuti marble Trianon sekuzivikanwa kwayo, yakarairwa kuti ivakwe muna 1687 pasi paLouis XIV. Inoumbwa nechivanze, imba yamambo, mapindu uye madziva. PaAugust 20, 1913 yakaziviswa Nhoroondo Yezvivakwa yeFrance.

Iwe wafungei nezve maGadheni eVersailles? Wakambo?