El yam ndiro zita rakapihwa kuboka rezvinodyiwa tuberculous zvinomera zvejenasi Dioscorea. Aya machubhu anoshandiswa nenzira yakafanana nembatatisi, ndiko kuti, anogona kukangwa kana kubikwa zvinoenderana nezvatinoda. Vane hunhu hunofadza kwazvo uye tinogona kuzvisanganisa nezvimwe zvekudya, senge nyama, hove uye / kana miriwo.
Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvese nezve yam, kuchengetwa kwayo, kukohwiwa kwayo, uye nezvimwe zvakawanda, usapotsa izvi zvakakosha.
Hunhu hunhu
Dioscorea alata
Sezvatakambotaura, yam ndiro zita rakapihwa kune ma tubers eakasiyana Dioscorea. Izvi zvinomera zvinowanikwa kunzvimbo dzinopisa uye dzinonyorova dze Africa, South Asia uye zviwi zvePacific. Mhando huru dzinorimwa ndeidzi:
Dioscorea alata
Iyo yamhu yepepuru, uye inorimwa muFar East. Kunyangwe hazvo kugadzirwa kuri kwakaderera, ndiko kunonyanya kutsvakwa, nekuti ma tubers ane mapiramidhi anovapa ruvara rwepepuru kana rwe violet. Aya anoyera 30cm refu, iwo ari globose uye ane mutete, yero bark. Mashizha anosvika 25cm kureba, akatarisana uye anowanzo shandura pane zvidyarwa zvidiki.
Dioscore bulbifera
Iyi mhando inogona kuve inopinda munzvimbo dzinopisa. Inozivikanwa nezita rekuti »mbatatisi yemuchadenga». Iyo tubers yakakomberedzwa muchimiro, inenge saizi yetennis bhora. Mashizha ayo anosvika 20cm kureba, uye akatarisana.
Dioscorea cayennensis
Iyo yam yamuno kuAfrica. Iwo machubhu ane cylindrical chimiro, gobvu magadzirirwo uye hurefu hwe 20-25cm. Subspecies rotundata, inonziwo Dioscorea rotundata, ndiyo chena yam. Iyo ndeimwe yeakakosha, nekuti inogona kuchengetwa kwemazuva akati wandei isingashatise.
Dioscorea dumetorum
Ndiyo yam inovava. Hazvina zvakawanda zvinorimirwa kunhuwirira kwayo. Inowanikwa kuAfrica. Matubhu ayo anenge akareba 20cm uye mashizha awo akareba 15cm na9cm paupamhi.
Dioscorea esculenta
Iyo ndiyo yakajairwa yam, kubvira kuravira kwayo kunoonekwa seimwe yeakanakisa. Yakave ichirimwa kwezviuru zvemazana emakore muAsia. Iwo machubhu anenge 20-25cm kureba uye ane tambo inotapira. Mashizha akakura, anosvika 20cm kureba, uye akatarisana.
Dioscorea oppositifolia
Iyo yam yamuno kuChina, zvakare inorimwa muJapan. Iyo tuber idiki pane iya yemamwe marudzi, asi zvakanyanya kupokana nechando. Izvi zvinogona kuyera kusvika 20cm refu. Mashizha ayo akakura, anosvika 30cm kureba.
Dioscorea trifida
Iyo yam ine mavambo ayo anowanikwa munzvimbo dzinopisa dzeAmerica, kunyanya maCaribbean neCentral America. Inozivikanwa nemazita eam blanco, mapuey, yampí kana papa de aire, pakati pevamwe. Iyo tubers yakareba, uye inogona kuyera kusvika 30cm. Mashizha ari nyore, mamwe, uye anoyera kusvika pa15cm.
Kurima kana kutarisira
Kana iwe uchida kuve neiyo Dioscorea chirimwa, tevera rairo yedu:
Nzvimbo
Kana iwe uchizove nayo kunze, inozokura zvirinani mukati semi-mumvuri, asi kana ichive chiri mukati, chiise mukamuri umo mwenje wakawanda unopinda.
Kudiridza
Inofanira kuva kakawanda. 3 kusvika 4 nguva pasvondo muzhizha, uye 1 kusvika 2 pavhiki zororo regore.
Kuisazve
Kunyangwe iwe uchida kuva nazvo mubindu kana muhari, unogona kuzvipinza mukati primavera.
Ndeipi ivhu raunoda?
Kana iwe uchida kuva nazvo mubindu, zvakakosha kuti ivhu rive nemadhiraini akanaka, saka ine hunyanzvi hwekukombana, zvinokurudzirwa zvikuru kuti iwe uite gomba rinosvika 50-70cm, woisa zvidhinha zviviri, rimwe pamusoro pechimwe, wozadza nejecha substrate, kana nemusanganiswa wevhu rebindu nepumice, akadama kana zvakafanana.
Ndeipi substrate yaunoda?
Kana iwe uchida kuva nazvo muhari, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa porous substrates.
Vanyoreri
Sezvo chiri chirimwa chine tubers chinodyiwa, chinofanira kubhadharwa nacho Organic mafetiraiza, sai guano, the pasiworm humus kana the mupfudze. Muchiitiko chekuti isu tinayo muhari, tinozoisa fetereza nemanyowa emvura, asi kana iri pasi tinogona kuisa dura rinosvika 2-3cm kukatenderedza kamwe pamwedzi.
Kuwanza
Unogona cheka madzinde woadyara muhari ine porous substrates mukupedzisira kwegore, kana paradzanisa tubers pakutanga kwemwaka wakataurwa.
Rusticity
Mazhinji marudzi haagoni kutakura kutonhora, asi kana ukasarudza kudyara a Dioscorea oppositifolia, Chinese yam, inogona kuve yekunze kunze munzvimbo dzine nguva yechando nechando kusvika -5ºC.
Yangu zvivakwa
Yam tuber inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kugadzira mabikirwo, asi iwe waizviziva here kuti inogona kuve mubatsiri akanakisa kune hutano hwako? Muchokwadi, ndizvo diuretic, inosimbisa immune immune, rinonatsa ropa, uye kana ukaronga kuita vana, zvinokubatsira kubvira inowedzera kubereka muvakadzi, kunyanya yamusango (Dioscorea villosa).
Ndokuitenga kupi?
Unogona kuiwana mune chero supamaketi, kunyangwe iwe uchifanira kuziva kuti macapsule anotengeswawo mune vemishonga.
Wakafungei nezve chirimwa ichi?