I-eucalyptus ebomvu (i- Eucalyptus camaldulensis)

Umthonyama e-Australia kodwa esasazeke kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi, olu hlobo lwe-arboreal lukwabizwa njalo i-eucalyptus ebomvu kunye nomthi ohlala uluhlazaYeyohlobo lwe-Eucalypto yosapho lweMyrtaceae kwaye luphawulwa ngokobukhulu bayo obukhulu nokuphakama okufikelela kwiimitha ezingama-60.

Kubo bonke ubomi bayo kwindawo efanelekileyo yamanzi kunye nobushushu, ububanzi bunokufikelela kwiimitha ezimbini. Amaxolo ayo agudile kwaye aluhlaza-buluhlaza okanye luhlaza.. Isithsaba esibanzi kunye nesiqu esityebileyo, umphezulu wayo uyaxobuka kwiipleyiti ngaphezulu kweminyaka kwaye ngamanye amaxesha uphelele. 

Izixhobo

Lo mthi uhlala ufumaneka njengendawo yokuhlala yendalo elunxwemeni lwemilambo okanye imilambo. Iqhakaza ebusika ihambelana nentwasahlobo yase-Australia kwaye iintyatyambo zazo ziqokelelwe kwinani ukusuka kwi-7 ukuya kwi-10 kunye nekepusi xa ikhutshiwe, ityhila ubungakanani be-stamens ngombala omhlophe.

Ixesha laso lokudubula lide kakhulu kwaye linomda de kube sekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngenxa yomthamo wayo omkhulu kunye nophuhliso ayikhuthazwa igadi kunye neendawo ezisezidolophiniKuba ifuna izithuba ezikhulu ezinobukhulu obukhulu bokwanda kwayo kunye nophuhliso lwasimahla, kudityaniswa nenyani yokuba ngenxa yobundlongondlongo bayo bemvelo ibangela intlupheko yomhlaba.

Luhlobo lweeucalyptus olunendawo ebanzi yokusasaza kwilizwekazi lase-Australia, apho iluphawu khona, ebonisa umohluko omkhulu kwimfuza. Ikhula kwindawo ezinemozulu epholileyo ngeemvula zobusika, kwaye emazantsi ukuya kwiitropiki ngeemvula zasehlotyeni emantla.

Ngaphandle kwe-Australia mhlawumbi lolona hlobo lukhulu lwe-eucalyptus olutyalwe kwiindawo ezomileyo okanye ezinemihlaba eyomileyo. iyamelana nembalela egqithileyo kunye nezikhukula, ukongeza ekuziqhelaniseni nemozulu yolwandle.

Ixhasa ubukho bekalika emhlabeni ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile, kuba ukuba igqithisile ivelisa i-chlorosis, isifo sesityalo esithi ngenxa yokunqongophala kweetyiwa kubangela ukulahleka kombala oluhlaza. Ngokuziqhelanisa nokubonisa ukutyeba kwayo, inokutyalwa naphina emhlabeni.

Isasazeka ngembewu yayo, hayi ngokusika.

Ukulima kwe I-Eucalyptus camaldulensis

ESpain kulinywa ngokubanzi, njengendidi yesibini ebaluleke kakhulu nenentabalala ngokwandiswa kweehektare eziyi-175.000 ezityaliweyo nokusasazeka kwilizwe lonke.

Nangona zazisiwe ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX bekungekho kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini xa besasazeka kakhulu. Amaphondo aqaqambe ngokuba nezi ndidi emhlabeni wawo zezi: Cáceres, Badajoz, Huelva, Seville, Toledo, Ciudad Real, Córdoba, Cádiz nase Málaga.

Impikiswano ayizange ilinde ukwaziswa okukhulu kwale ntlobo kweli lizwe, kunye nabaxhasi kunye nabagxeki, kuthathelwa ingqalelo eyona inkulu kakhulu ukufika kwalo mthi kumazwe aseSpain lelinye lawona manyathelo amabi kwezamahlathi yezo zikhunjulwa kwimbali yaseSpain.

Okwangoku, ukutyalwa komhlaba kuyaqhubeka nokuba ngumqobo kulondolozo lweentyatyambo kunye nezilwanyana, ukongeza kwinto yokuba sisityalo se-pyrophyte, oku kuthetha ukuba sikwenza kube lula ukusasazeka kwemililo yehlathi kuba iyivelisa amafutha ngenxa yobukhulu bayo ubukhulu, iyandisa imeko yomlilo eyongezwe kwezinye izinto ibeka umngcipheko wokuba ngumlilo ongalawulekiyo wehlathi kwiimeko ezininzi.

Igama libhekisa ngqo kwintyatyambo yalo mthi ikhuselwe kakuhle de ivulwe yi-sepals camaldulis, ebhekisa kwigadi yase-Itali yaseNaples enelo gama.

Xa isityalo esincinci, i-eucalyptus inamagqabi amade anomphetho ocacileyo ngaphandle kweenwele, ngokungafaniyo nokuba mdala apho la magqabi esiba banzi kwaye anencopho ethe ngqo.

Ngeentyatyambo ezincinci, ezimhlophe ezilungiswe ngee-axillary umbels kwii-axils zamagqabi, eneneni luhlobo olukhula ngokukhawuleza olubonakala amandla amakhulu okuziqhelanisa nokwahluka kwemozulu.

Uphuhliso lwalo luthe saa eArgentina ukusuka kwiPhondo laseRio Negro ukuya emantla, oko ke kudityaniswa kwamahlathi okanye amakhethini kunye nokulungisa iintaba, ubukho bawo bubaluleke kakhulu kwiphondo laseBuenos Aires, eSanta Fe naseJujuy.

Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuphakamileyo ivelisa umthunzi olungileyo kwimimandla enobushushu obugqithisileyo njengokuba kunjalo kumbindi weOstreliya, apho ikwasebenza njengesixhobo sokuzinzisa somlambo kunye nokugcina umhlaba.

Luhlobo lomthi wokhuni olubandakanyiwe kwizinto ekuthiwa zezangaphandle, kwaye kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba amahlathi ehlabathi ayagawulwa, kunye nenyani yokuba imfuno ekhulayo yemithi yokusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zepetroli kumazwe asaphuhlayo anabantu abakhulayo. ziyanda, luhlobo olungafaki galelo kwindalo esingqongileyo.

Ukutyalwa kweentlobo ezinje nge I-Eucalyptus camaldulensis, ephakathi kweentlobo ezingaphezu kwama-600 zolu hlobo lunye ngenxa yokukhula ngokukhawuleza kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo okuninzi, ukusuka kumthi ngokwawo, kuthotho lokusingqongileyo, amayeza kunye nokuhombisa.

Nangona kunjalo, Kukho izimvo ezichaseneyo noku kuthandwa kukhulayo ezikhuthaza ukutyalwa kwale mithi, impikiswano esemthethweni njengangaphambili ibhekisa kumonakalo wexesha elifutshane kunye nexesha elide ezibangelwa zezi ntlobo emhlabeni, kubandakanya okusingqongileyo kunye nokufumaneka kwamanzi kunye nezilwanyana zasendle.

Imeko inje yokuba amanye amazwe sele ekwalele ngokucacileyo ukutyalwa kwemithi ye-eucalyptus, kuba amandla owomisayo ohlobo alunjalo ingaguqula umhlaba osele ungumqwebedu sele ubharhile, ngamanye amaxesha zisetyenziselwa ukomisa imigxobhozo.

Izinzuzo

Nangona kunjalo kwaye ngaphandle kwale mpikiswano, akukho mathandabuzo okuba amancedo amayeza abonelelwe yi-eucalyptus ayinakuphikiswa. Ngaphambili I-oyile ebalulekileyo ekhutshwe kule mithi iluncedo kakhulu kwizifo zokuphefumla Ekusetyenzisweni kwayo ngaphakathi nangokuphefumla, kwaye ineempawu zokuthintela ukubola kwimeko yebronchi kunye nemiphunga. Ikwasebenza njenge-deodorant, anthelmintic, astringent, expectorant, febrifuge, hypoglycemic, mucolytic, bactericidal, fungicidal kunye nebacteriostatic.

Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwangaphandle sikufumanisa oko iipropati zayo nazo zibanzi, njengoko esebenza kwimeko yokuchasana nokudumba, ukubola, ukuphilisa, i-eczema, i-vulvovaginitis, amanxeba, ukurhawuzelela ulusu kunye nosulelo lomlomo, ngaphandle kokulwa ne-halitosis okanye ukuphefumla kakubi.

Njengokuba oko kwakungonelanga, kuyayiphelisa intloko, ithoni yenkqubo yeemvakalelo kwaye iza ikwimo yokuthambisa eza kusetyenziswa ekusikeni, kuthintela ukuvela kweentsholongwane nosulelo. Eyona nto iphambili kuzo zonke ezi zinto ziluncedo kukuba la magqabi Banobuchule bokubulala i-antiseptic kunye nebhalsamic.

Njengokubulala iintsholongwane, kuye kwafumaniseka ukuba i-eucalyptus iyakwazi ukuphelisa nokukhusela ukukhula kunye nophuhliso lweebhaktheriya zihlala zifumaneka kulusu nakwimpumlo, njengoko kunjalo nge-staphylococci kunye ne-mycobacterium.

Njengento echasayo kubonisiwe ukwenza iibhafu zomphunga kunye namagqabi esi sityalo, ngaloo ndlela ukulawula ukukhupha iintlungu kunye neentlungu ezibangelwa zizifo ezifana ne-rheumatism kunye ne-arthritis.

Kwimeko ye-antiseptics, Iimpawu zayo ziyamangalisa ekunyangeni nasekuphiliseni amabala kunye nokucaphuka kolunye uhlobo kulusu.