Xa siza kukhula okanye sihlwayele isityalo siqala ngokungenisa imbewu yaso phantsi komhlaba kunye namanzi. Imbewu ikhula kwisityalo esiya kuthi kamva sivelise iziqhamo zaso. Siyazi ukuba imbewu sisiseko sobomi besityalo kwaye siyabulela kuyo sinokuhanjiswa kwaye sikhuliswe.
Nangona kunjalo, Siyayazi ukuba iyintoni kanye kanye imbewu kwaye isebenza njani?
Imbewu
Imbewu yile elona lungu lingundoqo lokuzala uninzi lwezityalo eziphakamileyo zasemhlabeni kunye nasemanzini. Indima yayo njengogcino lwentlobo ibalulekile, kuba bayakwazi ukumelana neemeko zangaphandle kakhulu ngaphandle kokufa, kwaye bade bahlume kamva. Imbewu ibalulekile ekusasazekeni kwezityalo, ukuhlaziywa kwamahlathi kwaye, ngokubanzi, ngokulandelelana kwendalo yayo nayiphi na indalo.
Kwindalo, imbewu isebenza njengokutya kweentlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana. Singatsho ukuba imbewu yinto ebalulekileyo nakubantu, ukuba sithetha ngokwemiba yezolimo, kuba ngaphandle kweembewu besingenakukhulisa nto kwaye ezolimo bezingazukubakho. Yintoni egqithisile, okona kutya kuphekwe ngumntu kwenziwa ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo ziimbewu.
Kwelinye icala, iimbewu zisetyenziselwa ukulawula abantu basendle emahlathini, ukwenza amahlathi, zikwanceda ukugcina uhlobo oluthile olusemngciphekweni ngokugcina i-germplasm yesityalo kuba inokugcinwa iphila ixesha elide. Oku kusinceda sigcine iintlobo kunye neentlobo zezityalo ezibaluleke kakhulu ebantwini okanye kwezinye izinto eziphilayo.
Ndiyabulela kwinto yokuba inzululwazi ifunde imbewu ixesha elide, kunokwenzeka ukuba ube nolwazi olukhulu malunga nebhayoloji yezityalo ezininzi. Ukuze wazi okungakumbi ngolondolozo lweentlobo ezithile zezityalo nezityalo, iimpawu zomzimba wembewu, iindlela zokulala nokuhluma, imeko yokusingqongileyo abayidingayo, ixesha labo elide kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo okwahlukeneyo kwezityalo kunye nolondolozo lwezityalo.
Ivela phi le mbewu?
Siyazi ukuba imbewu yeyona nto iphambili ekuzaleni izityalo. Ukongeza, inzima kakhulu kuba yenziwa ukusuka kwisityalo seqanda emva kokuchumisa kwaye ineendlela ezinzima zokuphila. Imbewu zifumaneka kwii-angiosperms nakwii-gymnosperms. Nangona ii-gymnosperms zingenayo intyatyambo yokwenyani, ubume bembewu yezi zityalo bufana kakhulu nezo zineentyatyambo.
Ubungakanani bembewu yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo bunokwahluka kakhulu. Kukho imbewu yeesayizi ezininzi kunye neemilo ngaphandle kokuba lilungu elinemvelaphi efanayo kuzo zonke iintlobo kwaye lizalisekisa umsebenzi ofanayo.
Ngokobunzima, zininzi kakhulu iimbewu ezinjengezo zeorchid enobunzima be-0,1mg kunye nezinye ezinkulu ezinjengezo coconut eziphindwe kabini zePacific ezinobunzima be-10Kg. Ngaphakathi kwindawo efanayo yezityalo umahluko phakathi kobukhulu buhlala buncinci, nangona kunjalo, banako ukwahluka ukuya kuthi ga kwiodolo zobukhulu ezintandathu.
Ukusasazwa kwembewu
Ukuze kuveliswe imbewu, izityalo zifuna isixa esikhulu samandla, ke ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yesityalo, inokuvelisa inani elikhulu okanye elincinci lembewu kwaye ezi ziya kuba nkulu okanye zincinci. Izityalo ezivelisa imbewu encinci ziyakwazi ukusasazeka ngokubanzi kwaye zibe nethuba elingcono lokufumana indawo enezinto ezingcono kakhulu zokusingqongileyo ukuze zihlume kwaye zikhule. Nangona kunjalo, imbewu encinci ayincedi ekukhuleni kwayo, Ke isithole esitsha kuyakufuneka sitsale kwimithombo yaso ngokukhawuleza. Oku kubandakanya ukuba nomngcipheko ophezulu wokufa xa kuthelekiswa nezo mbewu zinkulu. Banokunganyangeki kangako kwiziphumo zokutshabalalisa ukhula kwaye banokutyunyuzwa ngokulula yingca yamagqabi ewela emhlabeni. Nangona oku kucatshukiswa ngamanani amakhulu, liqhezu elincinci kuphela elisindayo kuzo zonke ezi ngozi.
Ngale nto uya kuba nakho ukwazi okungakumbi malunga nembewu kunye nokubaluleka kwazo.