I-Powdery mildew imalunga isifo esenzeka ngenxa yokungunda ibizwa ngokuba yi-Uncinula necator Burr, ethi yona, nangona isuka eMntla Melika, ixhaphake kakhulu eSpain.
Njengazo zonke iifungi, ukuba imeko-bume kunye nemozulu zilungele ukuba zikhule, Zingavela kwiintlobo ezithile ezichaphazelekayoNokuba ilahleko epheleleyo yesivuno kukuba ngokungafaniyo nesikhunta, ukungunda komgubo kufuna amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, indawo eyomileyo engenabushushu okanye ubusuku obupholileyo.
Ugcinwa njani umgubo kwisidiliya?
Isifo somgubo inokugcinwa ngeendlela ezi-2, ezizi:
En imeko ye-mycelium ngaphakathi kwamahlumela.
En imeko ye-perithecas, njengezitho ezinganyangekiyo kunye nomphezulu wamahlumela.
Ngexesha lasentwasahlobo, ngundo ingena kumasebe amahlumelo angcolileyo. Imisonto ye-mycelial ikhula kwizitho eziluhlaza, ezingcolisayo nge-haustoria. Ukuba okusingqongileyo kulungile, i-mycelium ikhupha i-conidia, ezikhula ngaphezulu kwamalungu asempilweni kwaye zikufuphi nalawo malungu angcolileyo, ezibangela ukuba zihlume kwaye zivumele isifo ukuba sisasaze.
Zithini iimpawu kunye nomonakalo obangelwe yiPowdery Mildew?
Ifungus ebangela ukungunda komgubo, ichaphazela ilungu ngalinye eliluhlaza lomdiliyaNangona kunjalo, ichaphazela kakhulu amahlumela, amasebe kunye namaqoqo.
Los iimpawu kunye nomonakalo Oko kubangela ukungunda komgubo zezi:
Kumashiti
Kuyenzeka ukuba uqonde ifayile ye- i-ash-white powder ngasemva kwaye kwinxalenye ephezulu yegqabi, enokuthi igqibe ukuyigubungela ngokupheleleyo kwaye phantsi kothuli ungabona iindawo ezithile ezinomdla. Ngamanye amaxesha, ekuqaleni kohlaselo abanye amabala amancinci ezijongeka njengeoyile kumqadi, ihamba namanye amabala amnyama.
Xa kuziwa kuhlaselo olubi, amagqabi abonakala enesivumelwano okanye egobile kwaye igutyungelwe ngokupheleleyo luthuli umqadi nasemqolo wazo.
Kwimihlumela kunye namahlumela
Iimpawu ze powdery mildew zihlala zikhona njenge amabala amancinci athambileyo wombala oluhlaza mnyama, enyuka ngokobukhulu kwaye ijike ibe mnyama xa utyani ludubula lize emva koko lithathe umbala omnyama xa ihlumelo linda.
Ngamaqela
Ekuqaleni kwesi sifo iinkozo guqula i-leaden hue kwaye emva kwethutyana, zigutyungelwe ngokupheleleyo luthuli olungwevu olwenziwe ngamalungu okuphindaphindeka komngundo, owaziwa ngokuba yi-comidia, apha ngezantsi aqhele ukubakho izicubu ze-necrotic zomthunzi omnyama.
Owona monakalo ubaluleke kakhulu odalwe yimpuphu yesikhunta ufumaneka ngokubanzi kwizixa, kuba uhlaselo olukhulu lubangela ukuba ulusu luyeke ukukhula kwaye ngenxa yoko ulusu kunye nesiqhamo somdiliya siyaqhekeka.
Iindlela zokuphelisa ukungunda komgubo
Kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa ukuthena ngokuluhlaza ukonyusa i-aeration, kuba ngale ndlela kunokwenzeka ukuba wenze imeko engathandekiyo kuphuhliso lwefungus kwaye, kuvunyelwe oko fungicides zingena emhlabeniUkuba yeyona ndlela inokwenzeka yokuphelisa ukungunda okubangela ukungunda komgubo.
Ngokufanayo kukho inani elikhulu leemveliso kunye nezicwangciso zolawulo Eziluncedo olukhulu xa kufikwa ekupheliseni ukungunda komgubo usebenzisa iimveliso zeekhemikhali kwaye enye yeemveliso ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kule meko isalfure eyimpuphu, ethi ukuba ibekwe ngendlela eyiyo kwaye ngexesha elifanelekileyo, iyasebenza ekupheliseni ukungunda.
Eyona ndlela yokuyenza yisebenzise ngexesha lentwasahlobo xa iqondo lobushushu lingaphezulu kwe-18ºC kwaye ehlotyeni xa lingagqithi kuma-35ºC.