Imithi yesundu luhlobo lwezityalo ongadinisiyo ukujonga. Umboko wazo omncinci, othweswe ngamagqabi anokuphinywa okanye amile okwe fan, awenze ukuba abe ngawona athandwayo. Kodwa ukuba besinokuthi yeyiphi eyona nto ibalulekileyo ebantwini, ngokuqinisekileyo uninzi lwethu belunokuthi IPhoenix dactylifera, eyaziwa ngcono kakhulu ngegama lebhanki yomhla.
Inezinga lokukhula ngokukhawuleza, inika ukukhanya kodwa umthunzi omnandi kwaye, eyona nto inomdla kukuba ayaneli nje ukumelana nembalela kodwa sisityalo esithi, uyakwazi ukuzikhathalela ukuba utyalwe emhlabeni. Kuzo zonke ezi zizathu, siza kunikezela inqaku elikhethekileyo kulo.
Imvelaphi kunye neempawu ze IPhoenix dactylifera
La IPhoenix dactylifera, Efumana igama lomhla, támara, phoenix, idate yesundu okanye isundu esiqhelekileyo, yinzalelwane yoMzantsi-mpuma weAsia nakuMntla weAfrika, kwaye yavela kwiziQithi zeCanary. Ibonakaliswe ngokufikelela kubude obufikelela kwiimitha ezingama-30, kunye nesiqu sobukhulu phakathi kwama-20 nama-50cm ububanzi.. Amagqabi ayo aphinyiwe, ajikeleza, aphakathi kwe-1,5 kunye ne-5 yeemitha ubude, enamaphepha ali-10-80cm ubude, anombala oqaqambileyo.
Iintyatyambo ziqokelelwe kumasebe amade kakhulu, amileyo e-inflorescence avela kwi-brown spathes phakathi kwamagqabi entwasahlobo. Iziqhamo, eziveliswa yimizekelo yeminyaka eli-12 ukuya kweli-15 ubudala, zinee-ovalid ovoid berries ezi-3 ukuya kwi-9cm ubude., iorenji ekuqaleni kophuhliso lwayo kunye ne-red-chestnut xa igqiba ukukhula. Ngaphakathi kukho imbewu encinci ye-ellipsoidal ye-2-3cm nge-0,5-1cm.
Izinga lokukhula kwalo liyakhawuleza, likhula malunga ne-30-40cm ngonyaka. Yintoni egqithisile, Ixesha labo lokuphila lide kakhulu, ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka engama-300.
Lufuna luphi ukhathalelo intende yesundu?
Ngaba ungathanda ukuba nomthi wesundu egadini yakho? Ukuba kunjalo, yenza oku kulandelayo:
Ubicación
Sisityalo esithi kufuneka ibekwe elangeni. Njengoko inameva, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ungayibeki kufutshane neendawo zokudlula, kuba sinokuzenzakalisa kakhulu.
Unkcenkceshelo
Ayifuni manzi maninzi. Ngexesha leenyanga ezishushu, kuya kufuneka ukunkcenkceshela kabini ngeveki, kwaye unyaka wonke ngeveki uyakwanela.
Umbhalisi
Ukususela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuya ekupheleni kwehlobo / ekuqaleni kwekwindla, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyihlawule nayo Izichumisi zendalo, njenge iguano okanye umgquba. Ngokufanayo, Singadibanisa amaqanda kunye neebhanti zepele, umhlaba weti,… Ndinomhlobo ochumisa amasundu akhe nangamagqabi emifuno angasatyiwayo, kwaye kufuneka nditsho ukuba banegadi entle.
Ewe kunjalo, ukuba siza kuba nayo embizeni, kufuneka sisebenzise izichumisi ezingamanzi ukunqanda ukuthintela inkqubo yogutyulo zamanzi.
Umgangatho
Ayinyanzelisi. Ingakhula kuzo zonke iintlobo zomhlabaNokuba zikwelitye lekalika okanye zinesanti.
Ukutyala okanye ukutshintsha ixesha
Ngexesha lentwasahlobo, xa umngcipheko weqabaka udlulile.
Ukuphindaphinda
Imbewu
Ukuba sifuna ukuba nekopi yasimahla yesundu, kuyakufuneka sihambe kuphela kwizitrato zesixeko sethu okanye idolophu kwaye khetha imihla ethile. Olunye ukhetho esinalo kukuzithenga kwivenkile enkulu okanye kwi-organic greengrocer.
Ngokukhawuleza xa sinabo, Siza kuyisusa igobolondo kwaye siyicoce kakuhle ngamanzi. Emva koko siya kubatyala kwi hotbed (imbiza, iglasi yeyogathi, ingqayi yobisi, ... nantoni na esisondele kuyo) kunye nenkcubeko yendalo exutywe ne-30% perlite, kunye namanzi.
Ziza kuhluma emva kweeveki eziyi-1-2 kubushushu obungu-20-25ºC.
Umncinci
Umthi wesundu yenye yeentendelezo ezimbalwa ezivelisa iisucker. Ezi singazahlula kwisityalo sikamama ngexesha lasentwasahlobo, okanye ekwindla ukuba sihlala kwindawo enemozulu epholileyo. Ukwenza oku, into esiza kuyenza kukumba imisele enzulu malunga ne-40cm ukujikeleza i-sucker esiyifunayo, emva koko siyakwahlula-hlula ngesandla esincinci esasifakwe intsholongwane ekhemesti ngaphambili.
Okokugqibela, siza kumitha isiseko ngehomoni yokuxhasa, siyityale embizeni kunye nokukhula okuphakathi kwaye siyinkcenkceshele.
Ukuba konke kuhamba kakuhle, iya kukhupha iingcambu ezintsha emva kweenyanga eziyi-1-2.
Iindyikitya zokufa nezifo
Izinambuzane
- Ubomvu obomvu: ngubhungane (jonga umfanekiso ongasentla) obangela ukuba amagqabi omile ngenxa yokwakheka kwegalari ngaphakathi kwirachis. Olona nyango lusebenzayo ngokulingeneyo luthintelo, ekufuneka lwenziwe kuzo zonke iinyanga ezishushu kunye neChlorpyrifos. IiNematode nazo zinokunceda (ziintshulube ezincinci ezithi zithengiswe kwiindawo zokugcina abantwana nakwiivenkile ezizodwa), kwaye mhlawumbi umhlaba owomileyo.
- IPaysandisia: Linundu eli nombungu walo utya ngaphakathi kwisundu. Alukho kwakhona unyango olusebenzayo lokunyanga. Ulwazi oluninzi apha.
- Mealybugs: Banokubonakala kwimizekelo emincinci, okanye kwabo banxaniweyo. Zibambelela kumagqabi, apho zondla khona. Bangasuswa kunye neeChlorpyrifos, okanye nge-swab yomqhaphu efakwe kwi-pharmacy alcohol ukuba bambalwa.
Izifo
Ukuba uphuphume amanzi, isikhunta sinokuvela, njengePhytophthora, ebangela ukufa kwengcambu. Ukuyithintela, kufuneka inkcenkceshelwe ngamanye amaxesha, kwaye ungaze umanzise amagqabi.
Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza
Ixhasa ukuya kuthi ga -10ºC, kodwa ingakumbi ukuba isencinci, iqabaka ukuya kuthi ga -4ºC liyayilimaza kancinci.
Yintoni i IPhoenix dactylifera?
Ibhokisi yomhla inezinto ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo, zezi:
- Umhlobiso: nokuba ngumzekelo owodwa, ngokwamaqela okanye ngokulungelelaniswa.
- ICulinario: imihla iyatyiwa. Zinesondlo kakhulu, kangangokuba zisisiseko sokutya kwimimandla emininzi yasemaNtla Afrika nakuMzantsi-ntshona weAsia. Ukongeza, incindi isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iLagmi, esisiselo esithandwa kakhulu ngabemi beoyase.
- Kwimicimbi ekhethekileyo: e-Elche (eSpain) amagqabi asetyenziswa ngeCawa yeSundu.
Ayintoni amayeza ayo?
Umbane okhutshwe kwiziqhamo zesundu, esetyenziswa njenge-emollient, Isetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo zendlela yokuphefumla, njengokubanda. Ukuba asiyithandi incasa, singazifaka ngobisi olufudumeleyo.
Intsimi yesundu yase-Elche
Imperial Palm. Umfanekiso - Wikipedia / Cookie
E-Spain sinethamsanqa elonwabisayo lokuba sikwazi ukonwabela imihlaba emininzi yesundu. Phakathi kwezona zidumileyo yiPalmetum yaseSanta Cruz de Tenerife, apho kukhula khona iintlobo zezityalo ezishushu nezingaphantsi komhlaba, kwaye enye yiPalmeral de Elche (Valencia). Yabhengeza indawo yeLifa leMveli lehlabathi yi-UNESCO nge-30 kaNovemba ka-2000, yeyona ndawo ifanelekileyo yokonwabela ubuhle bemithi yesundu, ngakumbi imithi yesundu.
Apho, sinokubona i-Imperial Palm, igama elinikezelweyo njengembeko kuKumkanikazi u-Isabel de Baviera, owayetyelele i-Huerto del Cura complex ngo-1894.
Ngaba uyathanda iimarike zomhla? Ukuba ufuna enye, unganqikazi ukutyelela indawo yokugcina abantwana. Ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuyifumana apho 😉.