Elinye lawona makhowa abizwa ngokuba zii-hallucinogenic kwihlabathi jikelele ngenxa yeempembelelo zalo zengqondo I-Psilocybe mexicana. Luhlobo lwe-mushroom ye-psilocybin eyeyosapho lakwaStrophariaceae. Luhlobo lwefungus olugcweleyo kwingingqi yeMesoamerican, ngenxa yoko ayinakufunyanwa kwenye indawo emhlabeni. Iipropathi zayo ezikhethekileyo zenze ukuba zisetyenziswe ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-2.000 XNUMX eyadlulayo ziinkcubeko zangaphambi kweSpanishi. Namhlanje abantu abaninzi basebenzisa eli mushroom kwiipropathi zalo ze-hallucinogenic.
Kweli nqaku siza kuchaza zonke iimpawu, indawo yokuhlala kunye neziphumo ze I-Psilocybe mexicana.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Kumaxesha amandulo, abantu baseAztec babebiza la mushroom teonanácatl, igama elivela kwi-Nahuatl teó (ti) = thixo, kunye ne-nanácatl = i-mushroom okanye i-fungus. Eli binzana liguqulela "njenge-mushroom kaThixo." Yinto yokungunda enesakhiwo ngendlela yokuba ikhule ngokuthe ngqo emhlabeni. Isiqu sayo sidluliselwe kwaye sinekomityi emile okweentsimbi enombala ojonge ikofu.
Izinto ezinawo onke amakhowa e-hallucinogenic kwaye awenza abe neziphumo Zizinto zengqondo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-psilocybin kunye ne-psilocin. El I-Psilocybe mexicana Iineeseli ezininzi ngaphakathi kwesiqu esinokubonisa umbala osusela kwi-ocher ukuya kwi-purplish emnyama. Nabani na oyithathayo ibango lokuba incasa i-acidic kwaye ikhupha ivumba elinamandla.
Umgaqo osebenzayo wala makhowa umisela i-0.003% yawo wonke umxholo wayo, eyenza ukuba ibe malunga ne-0.3% yezinto zokumisa. Ngokubanzi, zonke iifungi eziqulethe le migaqo esebenzayo zaphuhliswa kwimimandla eshinyeneyo kunye neetropiki, zisebenzisa umhlaba onomxholo ophezulu womsi kunye nezinto eziphilayo ezinenkunkuma eninzi. Okwangoku, asekhona amaqela ezizwe kumbindi waseMexico asebenzisa eli mushroom kwizithethe zazo zesintu.
Imilo
La I-Psilocybe mexicana unomzimba ocoliweyo okanye ovuthayo kwaye une Unyawo olunobubanzi obumalunga neesentimitha ezili-10-15. Umbala we-ocher okanye umbala omnyama omnyama uyahluka kwezinye iisampulu kwiithowuni ezingwevu nezityheli. Abanye bethu banokubona amabala aluhlaza kunye noluhlaza.
Ubume besithsaba bubukeka bumdaka kwaye bumanzi, buba buguquguqukayo kancinci kwaye buqhutywa kancinci ngemigca ethile ejikeleze imida. Ukuba sijonga ngaphakathi kwe-lamellae sinokubona ukuba zinesono kwaye ziyadumisa. Ngaphakathi, zinombala omdaka ngombala kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zingwevu ezimhlophe kunye nemiphetho emhlophe.
Isiqu siyafana ngakumbi kwaye sihlala sisihholo. Umbala wayo ukhanyayo nge-beige kumbala omdaka mnyama kunye neetoni ezithile ezimthubi okanye ezibomvu. Xa siyisebenzisa ngobuqhetseba, into ihlala iba mnyama. Ivumba lomzimba ochumayo liyafana nomgubo. Ihlala isekwa kwiikholoni ezincinci okanye iyodwa.
Ukuhanjiswa kunye nendawo yokuhlala I-Psilocybe mexicana
Le fungus ikhula ikakhulu kwimimandla eshushu yaseMexico, eGuatemala naseCosta Rica. Yindalo ekhoyo kwezi ndawo, ngenxa yoko yahlukile apho kwaye asinakuyifumana ngokwendalo kwenye indawo yomhlaba. Zihlala zikhula Ukwenza amaqela amancinci okanye ngokukodwa kunye nokukhula kwindawo ezimanzi zokuhlala ezindleleni. Ngamanye amaxesha sinokufumana iisampulu ezijikeleze amahlathi.
Bafuna isixa esikhulu sezinto eziphilayo ukuze bakwazi ukukhula. Zivamise ukubonwa emadlelweni nakwimihlaba yefusi kwaye ngqo kumgquba. Kweminye imithi efana nepoplar okanye i-beech, zihlala zikhula ngokwamaqela amancinci zithatha indawo yezinto eziphilayo ezikhoyo kwezi ndawo. Nangona zincinci ngokomlinganiso, ziyakhula nakumahlathi ashinyeneyo okanye kwimesophies yasezintabeni.
Le mushroom ilungelelanisa ngokulula kuzo zombini iimeko ezinemozulu epholileyo kunye nefumileyo. Bafuna umndilili wemvula yonyaka phakathi I-800-3000 yeemilimitha kunye nobushushu obuguqukayo obuvela kwi-15-23 degrees. Inokufumaneka ngobuninzi obukhulu kumahlathi amafu anokufuma okuphezulu komoya oqhele ukudibaniswa nezinye iintlobo zehlathi ezinje ngeAlnus, Clethra, Liquidambar, Nyssa, Quercus kunye neTilia.
Ukulima kwe I-Psilocybe mexicana
Kuba luhlobo lwe-saprophytic olondla ngento efileyo kunye nenkqubo yokubola ibaluleke kakhulu kwindalo. Kungenxa yokuba iyakwazi ukuthoba umgangatho womhlaba ongaphezulu ize iphinde isetyenziselwe ukuphinda isebenzise izondlo zomhlaba. Konke oku kuthanda ukukhula kakuhle komhlaba kunye neentlobo ezinxulumene nawo.
Kucatshangelwa uhlobo oluthile ikoloniyali yeendawo ezikufutshane namahlathi abunileyo kunye nomxholo ophezulu wezityalo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngumngundo onamandla aphezulu okuziqhelanisa neemeko ezifanelekileyo kuphuhliso lwawo. Ukusasazeka kwale ntlobo kuthintelwe kulondolozo lwamahlathi anamafu kunye neendawo ezinobushushu apho zikhule khona ngokwendalo.
Kwaye kukuba ukulahleka kwezinto eziphilayo ngenxa yempembelelo yabantu kunokunciphisa abantu basendle kunye neemeko zokuphila kwabo. Ngale ndlela, indawo yokuhambisa incitshisiwe kakhulu kwaye inokubangela ukubuyela umva kubemi bePsilocybe mexicana.
Okwangoku kunjalo yi-1% kuphela yomhlaba opheleleyo wamahlathi afumileyo aseMexico aquka eli mushroom. Baxhalatyiswe kukwanda kwezolimo, amahlathi, imfuyo kunye nokuxhaphaza kwezolimo. Ngesi sizathu, ukulima kwayo ngokungekho mthethweni kuyanda.
Iziphumo ze I-Psilocybe mexicana
Ngokuba nale migaqo esebenzayo bahlala baneziphumo ze-psychedelic, hallucinogenic okanye entheogenic. Ezi ziphumo zixhomekeke kwidosi kunye nomntu ngamaxesha onke. Kungaba yinto emnandi okanye engathandekiyo.
Iimpawu zokuqala emva kokusetyenziswa yimincili ehamba kunye nokuhleka kunye nokubonisa uvuyo. Emva kwexesha, kuxhomekeke kwimeko yengqondo yomntu, imeko yoxolo nokuzola kuyafikelelwa, kufezekiswe ukucaca kunye nokuphaphama. Kuxhomekeka kwidosi, imeko yokujonga ixesha kunye nendawo inokutshintshwa. Uyayibona indlela imibala edibanisa ngayo kunye nezibane ezonyusa ukukhanya kwazo. Ezinye izandi ezingaqhelekanga zinokuqondwa kunye nokuqina kweemvakalelo kunokunyuka.
Iimpawu Zihlala zihlala phakathi kweeyure ezingama-4-6 kwaye ziqala ukusebenza phakathi kwemizuzu eli-15-60.
Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga ne-mushil ye-Psilocybe mexicana.