La I-Sinapis arvensis, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "field mustard"Siqulathe isityalo esosapho Ibrassicaceae, ethi nangona isuka eYurophu ikwazile ukwenzeka ngaphakathi eNyakatho Melika. Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi ngaye, siyakumema ukuba ufunde le post, ingakumbi ezinikezelwe kwi-mustard yentsimi.
Le mifuno yonyaka Sisityalo esinqumlayo, esinamandla okukhula malunga ne-1mt ukuphakama; Iziqu zayo zibonakaliswa kukuma nkqo kunye nokuba neenwele ezijikeleze isiseko sazo, ukuba ne-branched ephezulu kunye ne-longitudinally striated, kunye nobude obuqikelelweyo obuyi-100cm.
IIMPAWU ZAKHE
Inamaqabunga amakhulu okanye i-pinnate amaqabunga kwisiseko sayo, enobude obujikeleze i-30cm, enokuthi ibe sessile okanye ibe nepetiole emfutshane. Amagqabi asezantsi ahlala edityaniswa kwaye enziwe ngesonka, ebonisa i-lobe enkulu yesiphelo, xa kuthelekiswa namanye amacandelo amacandelo asemacaleni, anomda onamazinyo; ngelixa amagqabi aphezulu ahlukaniswa ngokuba yi-sessile, lanceolate, enamazinyo kwaye ayihlulwa.
I-inflorescence yayo ine isiphelo sobuhlanga ngaphandle kweebracts kwaye zinde yenziwe ngeentyatyambo ezincinci ezityheli ezinamagqabi amane e-4-9mm; Iipedicels zazo zinemilo ethe nkqo kwaye zinelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, njengoko kunjalo ngee-sepals zazo, ezilinganisa malunga ne-10mm, ziluhlaza ngombala kwaye, ngamanye amaxesha, zahlukile kwezinye. Zine-5 stamens ezimfutshane kwaye ezimbini ngaphezulu zifutshane kancinci.
Kwangokunjalo, isiqhamo saso silique esine squirangular, enobude obunga-3-5cm; amaphecana anemithambo ephawulwe ngokucacileyo phakathi kwe-3-7, nangona eliphakathi lingaqhelekanga ngokwenyani, ukongeza, ii-locule zalo ezi-2 zineembewu ezilungiswe kumqolo one-4-8 zazo.
Esi siqhamo sinenxalenye yokugqibela eyaziwa ngokuba yi "face", enobude obunga 12-15mm ubude, siyimilo ejiyileyo kwaye sigcina imbewu enye okanye nangaphezulu. Ngokufanayo, singabonisa ukuba, ngokubanzi, i-sinapis arvenis Iyadubula phakathi kwenyanga ka Februwari no-Okthobha.
Ukunyamekela I-Sinapis arvensis
Emva koko, siya kunika iingcebiso ezincinci malunga nokhathalelo ekufuneka lunikwe intsimi yemostade:
- Ukukhanya: Nangona bekhetha ukukhula kwilanga elipheleleyo, inyani kukuba banakho ngokupheleleyo ukuxhasa ukukhula emthunzini.
- temperatura: Kungcono ukuba zikhule kwimozulu eshushu.
- Ukufuma: I i-sinapis arvenis Kufuneka ikhuliswe kwimihlaba eyomileyo ngokuphakathi ukuya kufumile.
- Ukufuma: Ukhetha imihlaba enesiseko esityebileyo kwi-pH eyi-5.5-8.
- Initrogen: Utyekele ekukhetheni imihlaba etyebe kancinci okanye, ukusilela oko, ulihlwempu eliphakathi; Ayifanelekanga kwimihlaba enezichumiso ezigqithileyo.
Iipropati zentsimi lwesardard
Ezinye zezona mpawu zibalaseleyo ze i-sinapis arvenis, ibandakanya ezi zikhankanywe ngezantsi:
Kuyenzeka ukuba isebenzise imbewu yayo ngendlela efanayo naleyo ifunyenwe kwi-mustard emhlophe. Kubangela iziphumo ezicaphukisayo kulusu, Ukongeza ekuveliseni i-vasodilation yee-capillaries ezinqamlekileyo, ezenza ukuba kube lula ukunyanga izifo ezihlangeneyo, i-neuritis kunye ne-rheumatism.
Ine-sinapine, into enesiphumo se-antibiotiki esivumela ukuba silwe ne-Gram ye-bacteria engalunganga. Kuba inetyhefu xa isetyenziswa ngeedosi ezinkulu, kuhlala kulunge kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa ngokuphakathi. Ukuyisebenzisa ngaphandle ngokugqithileyo kunokubangela i-blisters kwaye kwiimeko ezimbi kakhulu, kunye necrosis.
Amagqabi ayabonakala ukuba ayatyiwaBanencasa ebabayo kancinci kwaye zilungile kakhulu kwiisaladi; Ngokwenxalenye yawo, amagqabi amadala anencasa yeasidi encinci kwaye anokusetyenziselwa ukulungiselela isityu. Xa iintyatyambo zazo zingekavulwa, iziqu zinokusetyenziswa njengendawo ye-broccoli.
Kwelinye icala, kunokwenzeka ukuba uyisebenzise imbewu yazo iluhlaza kwaye ixutywe kunye neesendwitshi kunye / okanye iisaladi ukuyinika incasa yespicier; ngokulinganayo, Unokuba ngumhlaba oza kusetyenziswa njengokunambitha izitya ezahlukeneyo, kuba banokuchukumiseka kancinci kwe-mustard eyiyo, abathatha kuyo igama labo. Imbewu yayo ikwasetyenziselwa ukufumana ioyile.
Inkcubeko
Ukulinywa kwesi sityalo kwenziwa kuphela ngenjongo yokuqokelela imbewu kunye nokuzilolonga ukuze ufumane ukutya, kodwa idla ngokukhuliswa njenge mulch kunye nesityalo esiluhlaza somgquba; kunye nokwandisa okanye ukugcina ukuchuma komhlaba xa ulinywa ngaphakathi, kuba ukhula ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuba unomdla wokukhulisa lwemostade ukuze uvelise ukutya, kuya kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba Ngaphambi kokuyihlwayela, kufuneka ulungiselele umhlaba kakuhleNgenxa yoku, kufuneka uqiniseke ukubonelela ngokulima okuhle kunye nokuchumisa okwaneleyo, ngokukhethekileyo usebenzisa izinto eziphilayo.
Ngokukwanjalo, kufanelekile ukuba sichaze ukuba eyona nto iphumelele kakhulu yile Ikhule kwiindawo ezinobushushu belanga kunye nomthunzi omncinci; Kuya kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba sisityalo esingayixhasiyo imozulu ebandayo kakuhle, ngenxa yoko inokufa. Ngale ndlela, kungcono ukuyityala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (ngexesha apho ubushushu bobusuku bungekho ngaphantsi kwe-10 ° C) ukuze uvune imbewu yayo xa kuphela ihlobo.
Kunokwenzeka gcina imbewu yakho kwangoko emva kokuyiqokelela, okanye uzibeke ngaphakathi kwizikhongozeli ezingangeni moya emva kokuba zomile ngokupheleleyo. Ngale ndlela, kufuneka siveze ukuba isivuno sesi sityalo kufuneka senziwe xa iziqhamo zingekafiki ngokupheleleyo ekuvuthweni; emva koko kufuneka zibekwe elangeni hayi kuphela ukuba zome, kodwa kunye nokugqiba ukukhula.
Kuphela Kuya kufuneka uyinkcenkceshele xa kukho ixesha elide elomileyo, kuba amanzi awaneleyo awanele. Ngokunjalo, kufuneka kuthiwe intsimi yesardard inokulinywa njengesityalo sonyaka okanye esivela kabini ngonyaka ngenjongo yokuqokelela amagqabi kunye nembewu yayo ngokwahlukeneyo.
Izifo
Ngokunxulumene nezifo ukuba i-sinapis arvenisKufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba, ntwala uhlala ukonakalisa zombini amahlumelo kunye neentyatyambo, Ukuchaphazela kakubi ukuveliswa kwembewu yakho.
Ngokunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba iimeko zemozulu ezithi isivuno esibi sizakuphela Ukuchitha i-mustard kwaye kubangele ukubola, ngaloo ndlela ivumela ukuba ibe nengozi enkulu yokuhlaselwa zizitshabalalisi kunye nezifo ezahlukeneyo.
Ngokukodwa nasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kokwindla, Esi sityalo sidla ngokuba semngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa ngumngundo; ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba ikhuliswe kwindawo evulekileyo nengena umoya, izama ukunqanda nanini na kunokwenzeka, amagqabi aphela emanzi xa unkcenkceshela isityalo.
Ngokufanayo, kuqhelekile ukuba bahlaselwe ii-slugs kunye neenkumba, Kunye nooqongqothwane, abathi zivelise imingxunya ejikeleze amagqabi aphela esenza buthathaka isityalo. Ke ukuba ucinga ukuyikhulisa, ungalibali ukuthathela ingqalelo olu lwazi lungentla, ngokuqinisekileyo iya kukunceda ufumane isityalo esomeleleyo nesinempilo.