Umfanekiso -Iincwadi zePnwhand.org
Ukuhlwayela ngamava ahlala anelisa kakhulu kwaye efundisa. Kuninzi esinokukufunda kuyo yonke le nkqubo, ukusukela kusuku lokuqala sithatha imbewu siyifaka embizeni, kuba kuhlala kungekho zingxaki. Ngoku, aba ... Banokubulala izityalo zethu ngeentsuku nje ezimbalwa.
Mhlawumbi kwenzeka kuwe, ukuba unezithole ezisempilweni nezikhulayo, kwaye ngequbuliso ziye zaqala ukubuna. Awubonanga nayiphi na impawu yesibetho, ngoko ngokuqinisekileyo yayiyi ukuthambisa. Kodwa yintoni kanye kanye le? Ngaba inokuthintelwa?
Yintoni eyokuhambisa amanzi emanzini?
Ukuchithwa kwemveliso ligama lesiNgesi elibhekisa kwi Ukubola komngundo kwezithole. Ikwabizwa ngokuba kukubola kwezithole okanye ukuhla kwezithole. Esi sifo sibangelwa kukungunda, ikakhulu ezo zohlobo lwe Phytophthora, Rizoctonia kunye ne Pythium.
Ingxaki ngezi zinto ziphilayo kukuba zizala ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba zibulala isityalo kwithuba elincinane kakhulu. Kulusizi ke oko olona nyango luphambili kukuthintelaKuba ukusukela ngoku akukho zi fungicides zisebenzayo ezinokubasusa.
Ungayikhusela njani?
Nangona izinga lokusweleka kwembewu liphezulu kakhulu akuba i-fungus iqalile ukulonakalisa, ngokwenyani Kulula kakhulu ukuthintela. Ukwenza oku, ndincoma ukuba ulandele ezi ngcebiso:
- Sebenzisa nanini na unako i-substrate entsha kunye / okanye ecocekileyo kunye neebhedi.
- Nyanga imbewu nge fungicide (umzekelo, ubhedu okanye isalfure) phambi kokuyihlwayela, kunye nebhedi kanye ngenyanga enefluid ebanzi yolwelo.
- Indawo iibhedi zelanga elipheleleyoNgaphandle kokuba luhlobo lomthunzi.
- Khusela Ukunkcenkceshela kakhulu.
- beka i- ubuninzi beembewu ezi-2 kwi-alveolus nganye.
- Ukuba kukho naziphi izithole eziqala ukuncipha, yikhuphe kwaye wenze unyango lwefungus.
Ngale ndlela, uya kuba nakho ukukhula inani elikhulu lezithole 🙂.
Molo Monica !!!
Sele ndiza kuhluthisa imbewu ye-coniferous kwaye ndifunda inkqubo yokunciphisa inkqubo.
Malunga nenqaku lakho ndingathanda ukukubuza imibuzo.
Phambi kokubeka imbewu, kufuneka ndiyicazulule, ingaba kufuneka ndibeke isibulali isibulali okanye isibulali-fungicide okanye zombini?
Ngaba ndizifaka emanzini apho kufuneka ubeke imbewu iiyure ezingama-24 okanye emva kokuzikhupha emanzini?
Iitreyi endizakuzisebenzisa zintsha ngokupheleleyo, ingaba kufuneka ndizitshize ngobhedu, isalfure okanye zombini?
I-substrate ngokuqinisekileyo iya kuba yi-50/50 peat kunye nesanti. Ngaba kufuneka uchithe i-substrate nge-fungicide yethusi, isulfure okanye zombini?
Ndisusa isanti kumlanjana okufutshane nendlu yam ndize ndiyibeke kwimicrowave imizuzu eli-15 ngamandla amakhulu. Ngaba unokwenza okufanayo kunye ne-peat okanye usebenzise nje i-fungicide, isalfure okanye zombini?
Nje ukuba izithole zikwibhedi yazo kwaye elangeni kwaye zingene umoya, ngaba kufuneka siqhubeke nokwenza unyango lokubulala ukungunda lobhedu, isalfure okanye zombini?
Yonke imihla kufuneka uphindaphinde unyango?
Ngaba ubhedu nesalfure zinokudityaniswa emanzini afanayo? Umzekelo, ubhedu yi-3g ilitha enye yamanzi nesalfure efanayo, ndibeka ilitha enye yamanzi, i-1g yobhedu kunye ne-1g yesalfure? Okanye ingaba kukubeka i-3g yobhedu kunye ne-3g yesalfure kwiilitha ezi-3 zamanzi?
Ndiyazi ukuba mininzi imibuzo kodwa kukwakho namathandabuzo amaninzi apho ingachazwanga kakuhle kwiziza endiye ndadibana nazo.
Ndiyabulela kwangaphambili
Molo Ricard.
Ndikuphendula ngezahlulo 🙂:
-Ngaphambi kokuba uzihlambe ungazinika ibhafu nesalfure okanye ubhedu (akukho mfuneko yokuzixuba, kuba zombini zinezinto ezifanayo zokulwa ukungunda).
-Unganako ukuhlamba kwiglasi kwaye ubenazo iiyure ezingama-24.
-Ukuba iitreyi zintsha, akunamsebenzi ukwenza naluphi na unyango.
-I-substrate iyacetyiswa ukuba uyiphathe. Into ekufuneka uyenzile kukufefa umphezulu ngesalfure okanye ubhedu uze ufefe ngamanzi.
-Xa zihluma, kwaye ngexesha lasentwasahlobo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqhubeke nokunyanga i-substrate ngesalfure okanye ubhedu. Ehlotyeni, kufuneka kusetyenziswe ukungunda ulwelo.
Unyango luphindaphindwa kanye ngeveki okanye kwiintsuku ezili-15; Xa ubona ukuba phantse akukho ngaphezulu
-Ukuba ufuna ukuzixuba, ungayenza ngokudibanisa i-7g yobhedu kunye nenye i-7g yesalfure kwi-1l yamanzi.
A ubingelele.
Ukusuka kwinto endiyiqondileyo, ndinokuyicoca i-substrate ngokususa uthuli kwisilayidi kunye nokucola amanzi.
Kwisanti endiyifumana emlanjeni, ngaba ndingayihlamba (emva kokuba ndiyihlambile) ngobhedu ndize ndiyishiye apho kangangeeyure ezingama-24 ukuyicoca?
Ngokwazi kwam, ii-conifers zihlala zinxulunyaniswa nefungus ukuze siphile. I-microcurl yeengcambu kufuneka ibe nayo. Ukuba ndiphatha i-substrate nge-fungicide, ucinga ukuba iingcambu ziya kuba nakho ukwenza i-micro-crimp?
Kwimiyalelo yokuhluma endinayo, ayithethi nto malunga nokubeka isibulali ukungunda kwimbewu. Kungoko ukuthandabuza kwam ngalo mbandela.
Andazi ukuba ndingabeka iphepha ebendiyithengile imbewu apha.
Ndiza kukunika imiyalelo (eguqulweyo) yokuhluma kwembewu.
Nantsi ihamba:
IPINUS
(UPinus strobus)
Imbewu yepayini emhlophe esempuma kulula ukuba ihlume kwaye ikhule. Ukulala ngaphakathi kwembewu kufutshane kwaye kuyaphuka ngokulula. Oku kufezekiswa ngexesha elifutshane lokubanda kwifriji.
Okokuqala cwina imbewu emanzini iiyure ezingama-24. Gcwalisa onke amanzi kwaye ubeke imbewu kwisingxobo sefriji evaliweyo. Beka imbewu kwifriji, kubalulekile ukuba ngeli xesha imbewu ingomi okanye izikhukhule, kungenjalo unyango lwaphambi konyango alunakusebenza.
Emva kweeveki ezisi-8 kwezi meko, imbewu sele ikulungele ukutyalwa. Ngokubanzi, imbewu iya kuyeka ukuhluma ngaphandle kokuba inyangwe ngale ndlela, ukuhlwayela imbewu engafakwanga inyango kumgquba kubushushu begumbi akunakuphula ukungalali kwaye ukuhluma kunokudanisa.
Gcwalisa isikhongozeli sakho osikhethileyo ngomgangatho olungileyo wekhomposti. Izikhongozeli ezifanelekileyo zinokuba ziimbiza zeentyatyambo, iitreyi zembewu okanye iipreyiti, okanye izikhongozeli zokwexeshana ezinemingxunya yokuhambisa amanzi.
Qiniseka ngomgquba uze uhlwayele imbewu phezu komhlaba. Ukuba utyala kwiitreyi zeplagi, hlwayela imbewu enye okanye ezi-1 kwiseli nganye. Gubungela imbewu ngeemilimitha ezimbalwa zevermiculite okanye usilele ukuba umaleko omncinci wokucoca umgquba.
Landela ngokuthambisa ngokucocekileyo kwaye uwagcine kubushushu begumbi. Ukuhluma kuya kuqala kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuhlwayela. Izithole zomelele ngokufanelekileyo kwaye azinangxaki kwaye ngokubanzi zikhula ziye kubude obuyi-5-12 cm kwixesha lokuqala lokukhula kuxhomekeke kumhla wokuhlwayela kunye nobuchule benkcubeko. Izithole ezityalwe ngokuxineneyo zisemngciphekweni wezifo zokungunda ezinje nge "DAMPING OFF" ebangelwa sisikhunta i-PHYTOPHTHORA, RIZOCTONIA, PYTHIUM, enokubangela ukulahleka okukhawulezileyo kwezithole ezininzi.
Ukukhulisa izithole kufanele kube selangeni, kugcinwe kunkcenkceshelwe kakuhle, kwaye kungabikho kokhula kukhuphiswano. Ukukhula kuya kukhawulezisa kunyaka wesibini nakwiminyaka elandelayo kwaye ukukhula kweengcambu kuya kuthunyelwa kwenye indawo njengoko kufanelekileyo, ngakumbi ngexesha lokulala. Emva kweminyaka emibini okanye emithathu sele zikulungele ukutyalwa zisesigxina. Olu hlobo luza kukhula lube lukhulu kakhulu, ngokukhawuleza okukhulu, ngoko ke tyala kude nezakhiwo, iintambo zombane, njl.
Njengoko ubona, ayifaki nayiphi na i-fungicide kwaye iyandiphazamisa !!!!
Un saludo
Molo Ricard.
Isanti ewe, unokuyihlamba ngobhedu ukuphelisa ukungunda enokuba nako.
I-substrate isoloko icetyiswa ukuba inyangwe ngefungicide. Nangona kuyinyani ukuba ii-conifers kufuneka zenze ubudlelwane be-symbiotic kunye ne-fungi (mycorrhizae) ukuze zikwazi ukukhula phantsi kweemeko, xa zikhulile ezimbizeni kufuneka ziphathwe nge-fungicides kuba ziyimbewu, kungenjalo siya kuphulukana nazo. .
Into enokwenziwa kukuthenga i-mycorrhizae, eqala ukuthengiswa kwiindawo zokugcina abantwana, kwaye uqalise ukuyisebenzisa xa izithole sele zidlulile kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala zobomi, ezizezona zinzima kakhulu.
Olunye ukhetho kukusebenzisa isinamon, eneempawu zokulwa ukungunda kodwa ayinamandla kangako.
A ubingelele.
Enkosi ngolwazi !!!
Ndiza kukuxelela ukuba ihambe njani.
Phendula nge quote
Umnqweno omhle!!
Molo, Dra Monica, ndikhulisa izityalo zepepito kufutshane naseCagagena, eColombia. Ngenxa yeqondo lobushushu kunye nezinye izinto, izityalo ezininzi zithwaxwe sesi sifo.Ndingathanda ukwazi ukuba kuyenzeka na ukwamkela ukuzalwa kweengcambu ezintsha kwindawo echaphazelekayo kwaye ke ugcine izityalo? Ngaphambi koko ndiyabulela kakhulu.
Molo Fredy.
Okokuqala, enkosi ngokundibiza ngogqirha kodwa andinguye 🙂.
Ukuthambisa isisifo esibi kwizithole, zonke zihlala zifa ukusukela oko iingcambu, xa sikuqonda oko, sele zichaphazele kakhulu.
Eyona nto inokwenziwa kukuyithintela, ukwenza unyango lokuthintela ukungunda, okanye ukuba zizityalo zokutyiwa ngabantu njengoko kunjalo, kufafazwa ngesalfure okanye ubhedu entwasahlobo nasekwindla.
A ubingelele.
Molo Nksz. UMonica, emva kokubulisa ngobubele, ndiyabuza, ngaba ukufaka i-mycorrhizae kwindawo eqinileyo okanye engamanzi kunefuthe elifanayo kwizityalo?
Ngaba ucinga ukuba ukuthoba amanzi kungalawulwa ngokuba ne-substrate efanelekileyo necocekileyo? nokulawula ubungakanani bamanzi?
Enkosi ngempendulo yakho
romulus solano
Molo Romulo.
Inyani yile yokuba i-mycorrhizae ayikaze izithenge kwaye andazi ukuba inefuthe elahlukileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwimowudi yesicelo. Ndicinga ukuba kulwelo kunesiphumo esikhawulezayo njengoko sele zixutyiwe emanzini, kodwa andazi i-100%.
Ngokubhekiselele ekunciphiseni. Ukuba kusetyenziswa i-substrate efanelekileyo necocekileyo kwaye umngcipheko ulawulwa, umngcipheko wokuvela kwawo mncinci, kodwa ukhona. Kuhlala kubhetele ukukhuseleka.
A ubingelele.
Kusasa ndinezityalo zetumato ezibonisiweyo zixhonywe esiqwini endinokuzinyanga ukuziphilisa
Molo Patricia.
Ungabanyanga ngobhedu (entwasahlobo nasekwindla) okanye ngesitshizi sokungunda (ihlobo).
A ubingelele.
Mholo! Izityalo eziye zathwaxwa sisidambisi zingasinda? Kwimeko apho, ngaba baya kuba neengxaki zokukhula okanye into efanayo?
Molo ndedwa.
Abaqhelekanga, kuba bacinga ukuba i-fungus isuka kwiingcambu inyuke. Umboko uyagula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kuba usisityalo esincinci udla ngokufa.
Kungenxa yoko le nto kubalulekile ukunyanga ngefungicides ngaphambi kokuba imbewu ihlume.
A ubingelele.