Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngohlobo lwefungus eyaziwa ngokuba yeyona indala isetyenzisiweyo ngabantu. Imalunga ne- I-agaric yempukane. Yifungus esasazeke kwihlabathi liphela kwaye ihlala ikhula ezinyaweni zemithi ezinje nge-birch, oki, beech kunye fir. Bayakwazi ukukhula ngamanani amakhulu kuba bahlala kwi-syciosis kunye neengcambu zale mithi. Obu budlelwane bukhoyo phakathi kwezi zinto ziphilayo sisizathu sokuba i-Amanita muscaria ingekakhuli ngenjongo.
Kule nqaku siza kuthetha nawe ngazo zonke iimpawu, iipropathi kunye neemfihlo ze I-agaric yempukane.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Oludidi lukhula eYurophu, eAsia nakuMntla Melika lunomnqwazi obomvu ongacacanga kwaye lugqunywe ngamachaphaza amhlophe. Ngumakhowa oqhelekileyo osetyenziswa kwiikhathuni ukukhankanya amakhowa ayityhefu. Ukuba siye kwezi ntlobo zeli khowa ezikhula kuMbindi nakuMzantsi Merika, siyabona ukuba unomnqwazi o-orenji okanye omthubi kwaye uhonjiswe ngamachaphaza amthubi.
Inomnqwazi omkhulu ohluka phakathi kweesentimitha ezili-10 ukuya kwezingama-25 ububanzi. Njengoko bekhula, itshintsha ukusuka kwimo yeglobose engaphezulu ukuya kwisimo se convex. Xa sele zikhule ngokupheleleyo zithe tyaba ngokupheleleyo. Iindidi ezininzi zodidi lwee-amanita ezishiya ngale ndlela. I-cuticle yomnqwazi iyafumaneka kwaye ibomvu ngombala obomvu. Ukuze iisampulu esele ziphuculwe ngokupheleleyo zingatsalela kumbala weorenji. Kule umnqwazi sifumana ukubanjwa okumhlophe okuninzi kwesigqubuthelo sendalo. Batyekele ekubeni nokuthungwa kwecottony kwaye bacwangciswe kwizangqa ezixineneyo. Umbala wayo umhlophe, nangona ujika ubutyheli kunye nexesha.
Zinee-blades ezimhlophe ezibanzi kunye nomphetho womhlambi. Iilamellae zingene ngaphakathi. Ngokumalunga nonyawo, ine-cylindrical shape kwaye iyafumaneka ngokulula kumnqwazi. Inomsesane kwaye womelele. Umbala wayo umhlophe kwaye uguquka ube tyheli njengoko uqhubeka ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ubungakanani bonyawo bohluka phakathi kweesentimitha ezili-12 ukuya kwezingama-20 ubude naphakathi kweesentimitha ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 ububanzi.
Inenyama emhlophe xa isikwe kwaye iorenji phantsi kwesikere. Yinyama etyebileyo, ethambileyo engenancasa okanye ivumba.
I-ecology kunye nendawo yokuhanjiswa kwe I-agaric yempukane
Yinto eqhelekileyo kwaye iyaziwa kwihlabathi liphela. Kungenxa yokuba inendawo ebanzi yokuhambisa. Zihlala zifunyanwa fUkwenza i-mycorrhizae kwii-conifers nkqu nakumahlathi aqaqambileyo anomhlaba oneasidi. Bahlala bekhula ukusuka ngasekupheleni kwehlobo ukuya ngasekupheleni kokuwa.
Sithetha ngohlobo olungakulungelanga ukusetyenziswa ngabantu. Ngumakhowa onetyhefu. Inezinto ezinobungozi ezininzi ezinokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwamathumbu.
Zikhula phantsi kwemithi efana ne-birch, i-oki, i-beech kunye ne-fir enkosi kubudlelwane be-symbiotic. Nangona kukho izikhombisi ezithile zokusetyenziswa kwayo, akufuneki isetyenziswe njengoko inetyhefu. Inemiphumo eyahlukeneyo ye-hallucinogenic eguquguqukayo ngokuxhomekeke kumhlaba kunye neendidi esizisebenzisileyo. Enye yeempawu ezaziwa kakhulu kukugabha kakhulu kunye norhudo.
Ihlala isetyenziswa eSiberia ngabelusi abayisebenzisayo ukuzikhusela engqeleni. Khange bayigqibe ngokuthe ngqo, kodwa banetyala lolwelo ekuphekeni kwala makhowa. Oku okanye oko kubangelwe yimpembelelo yovuyo. Ukuze bazisebenzise, baqala ngokususa i-cuticle. Olu lwelo aluzange luphulukane neepropathi xa lwaludlula kwinkqubo yokwetyisa, ke lwakhutshwa ngomchamo kwaye baphinde banxila.
Iziphumo ezibi ze I-agaric yempukane
Eli khowa lifana nohlobo lwesitshixo kwihlabathi lokungabikho zingqondweni. Oko kukuthi, ukuba nefuthe le-hallucinogenic, kusivumela ukuba sihambe siye kula mazwe amnandi esiwenzayo ezingqondweni zethu. Ayivelisi iziphumo ezifanayo kumntu ngamnye. Idosi yinto yokuqala echaphazelayo xa kuziwa ekwenzeni iziphumo ezahlukeneyo. Kuya kufuneka sithathele ingqalelo imeko apho sifaka khona eli khowa kunye nemvakalelo yomntu ngamnye.
Xa umntu ebuza malunga nefungus I-agaric yempukane uqala ukuziva unxilile. Olu luvo lukwenza uzive wonwabile kwaye ube namandla apheleleyo omzimba. Ngokucacileyo, loo mvakalelo ayisiyonto ingeyonyani. Nokuba ucinga ukuba unamandla angenakudlula emzimbeni, kuyafana okanye kubi. Yinto efanayo naleyo yenzeka ngotywala. Ezi ziphumo zinokuhamba nesiyezi kunye ne-vertigo okoko ubukhulu beendawo ziphosakele kwaye zivelisa utshintsho kumbono wendalo.
Ngokwesiqhelo, wonke umntu oyisebenzisayo uhlala ebona indlela izinto eziba nkulu okanye zincinci ngayo. Amanani e-kaleidoscopic aqaqambileyo kunye nemibala nawo avela xa evala amehlo abo. Wonke umntu ojikeleze umbala oqaqambileyo kwaye ugcwele ngobomi. Ngesi sizathu, yaziwa ngokuba lihlabathi lamaphupha. Kukho abanye abantu aboyiswa kukozela okukhulu abanokunika indlela yokuba nembono enzulu. Ukuba I-agaric yempukane ngeedosi ezinkulu inokubonakalisa kwisicaphucaphu, ukugabha, ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha, urhudo, ukukhohlisa kunye nokudideka.
Ungazilungiselela njani kwaye uzisebenzise njani I-agaric yempukane
Ukutya eli mushroom linetyhefu, kufuneka sikuphephe ukulitya lisencinci ngazo zonke iindleko. Kungcono ukuvumela iminqwazi ukuba yome, kulapho uninzi lweealkaloids ezivelisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zifunyanwa khona. Umthamo ofanelekileyo kubantu abaninzi uphakathi kwe-3 kunye ne-5 gram eneziphumo ezibi. Ixabiso le-13 gram akufuneki lidlule naphantsi kwazo naziphi na iimeko.
Ukuze uzilungiselele kufuneka uzigaye kwindawo yokusila ikofu xa amakhowa sele omile. Akunakwenzeka ukwahlula ngeliso lenyama nokuba ezinye iisampulu ze I-agaric yempukane zithambile kunezinye. Iziphumo zihlala phakathi kwe-6 kunye neeyure ze-8 kuxhomekeke kwidosi.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga I-agaric yempukane.