El IHordeum murinum, ezifumaneka ngokufuthi kwimimandla eyomileyo nakufutshane nedolophu, ezinje ngemiphetho yeendlela nakufuphi neendonga namakhaya, kunye nase Iindawo eziphazamisekileyo, ezinjengeenkqantosi.
Kuzo zonke iindawo ezihlala abantu singabona uhlobo lokhula olubizwa IHordeum murinum, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-mousetrap barley okanye ngegama elithandwayo ispikelet.
Izixhobo
Ayisosityalo esilungele ukutyiwa, njengelungu lakho losapho, irhasiAyikulungelanga ukutya okanye ipasta ukondla iinkomo, nangona ihlala isetyenziselwa oku kwaye ihlala ifumaneka kuzo zonke iindawo zehlabathi, nangona imvelaphi yayo ibuyela kwimpuma yeMeditera.
Esi spikelet sithathwa njengokhula kwihlabathi liphela, ngenxa yoko, zimbalwa iimeko zezulu ezingavumeli ukukhula kwaso, njengesalathiso somhlaba wokoma okumodareyitha kunye nokukhula ngokukhanya okupheleleyo, nangona kunjalo ixhasa umthunzi ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
Olu luhlobo olunzima kakhulu ukulawula, ukufumana indlela yalo kuzo zonke iintlobo zomhlaba. Kwinqaku elilandelayo siza kukunika iimpawu ngokubanzi zezinto eziphilayo, nangona zingabonisi nayiphi na ingozi eyaziwayo ebantwini, ngumhlaseli kuzo zonke iintlobo zezinto eziphilayo kwaye kuya kuba nzima ukuba ulahle.
Inkcazo yesityalo IHordeum murinum
Zonke iintlobo ze Isityalo semithambo esivelisa imbewu, Njengokuba kunjalo IHordeum murinum, Ithathwa njenge-phanerogam, kwaye yona le iyeyomdiliya kwaye ineziqu ezingenanto ezinespiki. Le spike lulwandiso lwesilinda lwesiphunzi ethathelwa ingqalelo njenge-inflorescence yayo kwaye phakathi kweempawu zayo kukuba iyaxinana kwaye iyaphuka, apho i-spikelets ezintathu, i-glume okanye i-glumelas yeentyatyambo enye zenziwa ngaxeshanye.
Kwezi spikelets zintathu, la macala mabini abonisa ukungabinazintsholongwane, ngelixa elinye elikwiziko likwababini ngokwesini. Imiphetho erhabaxa kunye nexesha elide iyakwenziwa ngokwandiswa kwencam nganye yebract, ukuze imbewu enye ivele kwiqela ngalinye le-spikelets, eliya kudubula entwasahlobo okanye ehlotyeni.
Ngaphakathi IHordeum murinum kukho ii-subspecies ezi-2 kunye namacandelo ama-4 ahlukeneyo kunye ne-genotypes yabo eyahlukeneyo. La maqela mabini abalulekileyo ahlukanisa iintlobo zesi sityalo, ezahlukileyo phakathi kwazo ngenani lama chromosomes anazo.
- H murinum var. IGlaucum: Ihlala kwezona ndawo zishushu kakhulu kufutshane neMeditera, kufutshane neelizwekazi kunye nolwandlekazi kunye namaqondo ashushu asezantsi.
- H murinum var. Leporinum: ikwabizwa ngokuba yirhasi, ifumaneka kwiindawo ezomileyo, apho kukho imvula engaphantsi kwe-425mm.
Iimpawu ngokubanzi
Esi sityalo yingca yonyaka, into ethetha ukuba unesivuno esinye kuphela ngonyaka, kwaye nangona inokufikelela kubude beesentimitha ezingama-50, ubude bayo obuphakathi buphakathi kweesentimitha ezili-16 ukuya kwezingama-30 malunga.
Umbala wayo ngokubanzi ujikeleza phakathi kohlaza kunye nekhakhi, ngamanye amaxesha ubonakalisa uhlobo oluthile lwe ukufakela umbala kwaye iya kuba sisiphelo sobusika kunye nokuqala kwentwasahlobo umzuzu wokudubula kwawo.
Sithathwa njengesityalo esihlala kwilizwe lonke, kuba sifumaneka ngokuchanekileyo kuwo onke amazwekazi, ngokurhabaxa, ngenxa yesikhundla sayo kunye nobunzima bokuhlala phantse kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo, simelana nabuphi na ubushushu kunye nokhula, kuba ikhula phakathi kwezityalo Kuthetha ingxaki kubalimi, ekufuneka bayishenxise emazweni abo, ngaphandle kwempumelelo.
Uhlobo olunomngcipheko ophezulu wokungeniswa
Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kwamanye amazwe akukabikho mizekelo yesi sityalo okanye kusekho iindawo ekugxilwe kuzo apho zikhona, kodwa emva kohlolisiso oluninzi kwagqitywa kwelokuba ezi zityalo zingena kumazwe amatsha ngendlela ehlaselayo, ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo nangaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Kuninzi lwala mazwe, amanyathelo awathathwa ukunqanda ukwanda kolu hlobo, kuba kungenzi nto kuphazamisa.
Iimpawu ezenza ukuba kungenelele
Kwinqaku elidlulileyo sibonise ukuba oluhlobo lubonisa ukungena okulula kakhulu kwiindawo ezingazange zihlale kuzo kwaye oku kufaneleke ngokukodwa kwinto yokuba IHordeum murinum zivelisa imbewu ezasasazeka ngokulula, nokuba ngoomatshini bezolimo, xa isenza imisebenzi yayo yokuvuna okanye yokuhlwayela, kunye noomatshini bezolimo kunye neendidi ezahlukeneyo zezithuthi.
Naluphi na uhlobo lokuphazamiseka luya kuthanda ukuntshula, ke kunokwenzeka ukuba zifumaneke kumanani amakhulu kwiindawo apho ukutyisa kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zemisebenzi yezolimo zenziwa.
Historia
Le rhasi ibhidaniswe kakhulu ne IHordeum vulgareOko kukuthi, irhasi, okuthetha ukuba lolona hlobo lomeleleyo nolude kakhulu kolu didi, ngalo ibhiya iyenziwa, umgubo wokubhaka kunye nefula.
Ibali lithi ngamaxesha endlala ahlasela abantu, i IHordeum murinum Yayisetyenziselwa ukwenza izinto ezibhakiweyo, ngokuqinisekileyo ngaphandle kokufumana umgangatho ofanayo, ke, Nokuba banayo emnyango okanye ecaleni kweendonga zezindlu zabo, Olu hlobo alwamkelwa kakuhle okanye lukhunjulwe zizizukulwana ezidlulileyo, ngokuzenza zikhumbule amaxesha amabi.
Izifundo ezahlukeneyo zesityalo
Izifundo ezahlukeneyo zenziwe lwempembelelo olu hlobo lwesityalo olunayo ebantwini njengendidi kunye nakwindalo.
Impembelelo ebantwini
Kwimeko yokusichaphazela kwethu, bantu, olu hlobo lwerhasi alunaso isiphumo esibi kwimeko yokungeniswa kwalo, nangona kunjalo kunokukhokelela kwiimpawu zokungabikho komzimba ukunxibelelana kunye nokukhutshwa kwezikhumba ezithile ezibuthathaka kunye nabo. Njengokuba iimbewu zayo zisasazeka ngumoya, inokwenzeka loo nto ngena ngamehlo, Ukudala ukungaphatheki kakuhle, kodwa ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okukhulu.
Iimpembelelo ezinokubakho apho uhlala khona
Kwimeko ethile yempembelelo enayo kwiindawo apho ikhula khona IHordeum murinum Unokwenza abantu abaninzi abaza kukhuphisana namanzi kunye neentlobo zezilwanyana, okanye batyalwe apho, apho kuthetha ingxaki kubanini bezityalo. Njengokuba imbewu yazo yomile kakhulu kwaye kulula kakhulu ukuba isasazwe ngumoya, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuba zibe negalelo ekwandiseni ubude kunye nomthamo wemililo yehlathi.