Ngaba uyazi umhlaba we-aquilegia? Olu luhlobo lwezityalo olubandakanya ngaphezulu kwe-60 yeentlobo kwaye imalunga nezityalo ezikhula kwiindawo eziphezulu kumantla eplanethi yethu.
Zonke iintlobo zolu didi zinobuhle behombo ezenza ukuba zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwizitiya zaseBritane naseYurophu kwaye zimbini iintlobo zazo, ezinje nge I-Aquilea vulgaris kunye I-Aquilea caerulea, eyona yamkelweyo kwaye isetyenziselwa ezi njongo.
Iimpawu ze-Aquilegia
Ukuvela kwamalungu e-petaloid kwi-axis yokuzala yinto ebonakalayo ephawulekayo ye-angiosperms eye yadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuhlukeni kwabo, ngakumbi kwimeko yokutsala umungu.
Yintoni ebangela ukuba amanqaku e-petaloid abenomdla kakhulu yile ibonakala iyinto entsha yokwenyani ngaphandle komanduleli ocacileyo kwii-gymnosperm ezikhoyo.
Emva kwexesha, xa amagqabi eguqukile, olona tshintsho lucekeceke kubume bayo kunye nombala lube zizinto ezibalulekileyo eziye zavumela iintlobo ukuba zikhangele kwaye zibalasele kwizipolinator ezahlukeneyo.
Ukusuka kwimbono yemfuza, zininzi iinkalo zezinto zepetaloid esingathanda ukuziqonda ngokwemiqathango Inkqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo kunye nokuziphendukela kwemvelo.
Zingaphi izihlandlo zepetiyidi eguqukayo?Ulawula njani imveliso yeepetali kwaye ezi ndlela zemfuza ziguqulwa njani kwimeko yenguqu ye pollinator?
Ezi ntlobo zemibuzo zigubungela uninzi lweendlela ezahlukeneyo zemfuza. kwaye zinokuphendulwa kuphela ngokuhlalutya iseti yeepateni zofuzo ezahlukileyo ngokulinganayo.
Iintyatyambo zihlala zineentlobo ezimbini zamalungu: ukuzala nokuzala. Ngelixa amalungu okuzala ahlulelwe kwi-stamens (androecium) kunye ne-carpels (gynoecium), amalungu angavaliyo ngokudibeneyo abizwa ngokuba yi-perianth.
Umcimbi wamalungu e-petaloid ucelomngeni, kuba inokwenzeka nakweliphi na kula malungu, kunye nakwizitho ezongeziweyo ezinamagqabi ezibizwa ngokuba ziibracts. Ukuba sithintela ingqwalaselo yethu kwi-perianth, kukho umahluko ngakumbi.
Kwezinye iitaxa, njengeMagnolia okanye iTulipa, iinxalenye zeperianth ziyafana ngokubonakala (petaloid okanye hayi), kwimeko apho zibizwa ngokuba ziitape. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-perianth i-bipartite eneentlobo ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ezahlukileyo zamalungu (ngokuchaseneyo nemeko yokungabikho kwetepal).
Kwezi meko, amalungu angaphandle, abizwa ngokuba yi-sepals, zihlala zihlengahlengiselwa imisebenzi yokhuselo, ngelixa amalungu angaphakathi, abizwa ngokuba ziipalali, abaluleke kakhulu kwindima yokutsala iingcolisi.
Ke, ii-petals zinendawo emiselweyo kwi-axis yeentyatyambo, kumjikelo wesibini phakathi kwe-sepals kunye ne-androecium. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, Iimpawu zepalaloid zinokwenzeka nakweyiphi na iikhoyili zeperianth.
Iintlobo eziphambili
I-Aquilegia vulgaris
Esinye sezona zityalo zibalulekileyo nezisetyenzisiweyo ngaphakathi kuhlobo I-Aquilegia vulgaris, eyi Isityalo esingapheliyo esivela kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu baseAsia naseYurophu kwaye kulula kakhulu ukuzifumana okanye ukuba abantu abathile baziqonde phantsi kwamagama e-Aguileña okanye i-Aguileño.
Isiqu se-columbine singangaphezulu kancinci kwemitha ubude kwaye ubonise iimpawu ezibhityileyo kwaye uneenwele ezimhlophe. Esi siqu sihlala simile kwaye sibonisa iindlela ezininzi.
Esi sisiqu kulapho amagqabi avela khona, anombala oluhlaza omnyama kakhulu, isiseko esikhulu kunye nepetiolate. La magqabi aneempawu ezixineneyo kwaye umbala oluhlaza omnyama abawubonisayo unokuba neenkcukacha ezithile eziluhlaza kwezinye iimeko.
Kodwa ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo eyona nto inomdla kwinkcazo ye- I-Aquilea vulgaris Kwaye enye yezinto ezibangela ukuba esi sityalo sisetyenziswe kuzo zonke iindawo ezifudumeleyo zeplanethi njengesityalo sokuhombisa ngobuhle obukhulu, senzelwe iintyatyambo zaso.
Iintyatyambo zayo zibonisa imilo ekhethekileyo yexilongo kwaye inokubonisa umbala omnye okanye ukwakheka kwezi, zihlala zimile ngenxa yobuhle bayo obumangalisayo. Ezi ntyatyambo ziya kubonakala zihluma kwisiqu seentyatyambo, esime nkqo, sifikelela kwiisentimitha ezisi-7 ubude.
Luhlobo olubanzi lwemibala enokuba yinxalenye yezi ntyatyambo, ukusukela oko kwezinye iimeko zihlala zenziwe ngombala omnye ukanti kwezinye makubekho imibala-bala. Unokufumana kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zohlobo olufanayo oluvela emhlophe, ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obomvu, omthubi, orenji, opinki, omdaka, mfusa kunye ne-lilac.
Imifuno ihlala ivela ekuqaleni kwehlobo, nangona kunjalo iimeko zangaphambi kokudubula ziyaziwa phakathi kweentsuku zokugqibela zentwasahlobo ngokunjalo. Bahlala benamanani okukhula okukhawulezayo kwaye baneentyatyambo onokonwabela unyaka nonyaka.
I-Aquilegia caerulea
Elinye lamalungu osapho awaziwa ngaphezulu kwe-60 yeentlobo ezenza umhlaba weAquilegias, ngumzekelo i-caereulea, njengayo yonke intsapho yakhe, zinobuhle bokuhombisa ezihlala zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizitiya ezahlukeneyo
Yiyo Isityalo esingapheliyo esingafikeleli kubude obufanayo nodadewabo, kodwa ayikho kude kangako, kuba isiqu sayo sinokulinganisa phakathi kwama-20 kunye nama-70 eesentimitha malunga.
Amagqabi ayo anombala oluhlaza owomeleleyo ngokokuvuthwa kwawo kwaye eyona nto ibalaseleyo, njengayo yonke, yile ubuhle bokuhombisa iintyatyambo zazo zingabonisa.
Ezi ntyatyambo zinokufumaneka ngemibala eyahlukeneyo, enokuthi isuke kumbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokukodwa kwaye ikhethekileyo ngamehlo, iye emhlophe, ikwadlula kwimibala ethile ziyakwazi ukusuka kwipinki enzulu ukuya kumbala otyheli.
Kodwa ayizukuba nye kuphela yale mibala oyibonayo kolu hlobo lwe Yarrow, kodwa Ngamanye amaxesha banokubonisa umgangatho we-bicolor, bonisa i-tonality eyahlukileyo kwii-sepals nakwiipalali.
Ziintoni ezibakhathazayo?
Kwimeko yokufuna ukuhlakulela i-aquilegia ekhaya, Kuya kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo into yokuba sisityalo esidla ngokufunyanwa ngaphandles, kuba ifuna ukukhanya kakhulu.
Ungalufumana olu hlobo lokukhanya ngeendlela ezimbini, nokuba ungaphambili, oko kukuthi, elangeni ngqoNgaphandle kokuphazamiseka oku kuthetha ukuba, okanye kananjalo kucetyiswa ngakumbi, inokufumaneka ngomthunzi okhethekileyo.
Ukuba ufuna iintyatyambo ezisempilweni kwaye ezinemibala ezivela kwezi ntlobo zezityalo, kufuneka babe noqikelelo lweeyure ezine zokukhanya ngosuku. Kungenxa yoko le nto isityalo singahlali sikhula ngeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo kwizithuba zangaphakathi, apho ukukhanya kungafuneki.
Kwimeko yokwenza ngale ndlela, siza kubona ukuba iziqu kunye namagqabi abonisa njani ngendlela eyehlayo kwaye oku kunento yokwenza Usizi olubangela isityalo inyani yokungadibani nexesha lokuvezwa ngokuthe ngqo kukukhanya mihla le.
Akukho didi oluthile lokunkcenkceshela unyaka wonke wolu hlobo I-Aquilegiakuhle Oku kuyakuxhomekeka kwixesha esikulo ngoku nakwisikhululo esidlula kuso.
Kwimeko apho sizifumana sikulo maxesha onyaka apho amaqondo obushushu athe chatha elangeni kunamandla, angabakho njani amaxesha ehlobo, isityalo siya kufuna ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo kunakwindla okanye ebusika.
Eyona nto ifanelekileyo kula matyala iya kuba njalo fumana indlela yokubona ukufuma emhlabeni, ukwazi ukuba ufuna amanzi angakanani. Oku kunokwenziwa ngobungcali, ngemitha yokufuma komhlaba okanye ubugcisa, kungcwatywa intonga yeplanga, kumbi kufutshane nesityalo okanye ukulinganisa imbiza.
Umhlaba kufuneka ubonakalise uphawu oluthile kubume bawo obunokuthi bube ngumdaka okanye isanti kwaye olu hlobo lwe-substrate, kuba inedreyina ebaluleke ngokwenene, kufuneka imanzi ngalo lonke ixesha. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubaluleke kangaka ukuba kwenziwe umlinganiso wokufuma, ukuze ingomi kwaphela kwaye ukukhula kwayo kunqunyanyisiwe.
Ukugcina ukufuma komhlaba kuzinzile kuyakudibana nezinto kubandakanya ukuvezwa lilanga, ubushushu, ukufuma kokusingqongileyo kunye nokuthungwa kwe-substrate, ukufikelela kwimeko yophuhliso olukhulu lwesityalo.