Artichoke: khula isikhokelo

La i-artichoke Sisityalo esiqhelekileyo esikhula phantse naphi na ngaphandle kokufuna amanzi amaninzi, kwaye sikwachaphazela amayeza. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba ufuna ukuba nesistim somzimba esomeleleyo, ndiza kukucebisa ukuba ufumane imbewu okanye izithole ezimbalwa kwaye uqhubeke nokukhulisa.

Awunalo nofifi lokuba ungayenza njani? Sukuba nexhala: kuba unale nto Isikhokelo esipheleleyo apho ndiza kukuxelela yonke into malunga nesi sityalo.

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu

Umlinganiswa wethu ophambili, obizwa ngokuba y artichoke, artichoke okanye artichoke, kunye negama lakhe lenzululwazi UCynara scolymus, sisityalo esityala imifuno esizalelwa kwintshona yeMeditera. Ifikelela kubude beemitha eziyi-1,4 ukuya kwezi-2. Yenza i-rosette yamagqabi apheleleyo ukuze ahlukane ngokunzulu kwaye anameva ambalwa okanye angabi nawo aphuma kwisiqu esinye. Olu luhlaza ocacileyo kwicala elingasentla kunye neenwele ezimhlophe emazantsi.

Ngexesha lentwasahlobo, iintloko zigutyungelwe ziibracts ezininzi-amagqabi aguquliweyo akhusela iintyatyambo-ngombala we-lilac.

Iintlobo eziphambili

Zezi zilandelayo:

• UBlanca waseTudela: Luhlobo olude lwombala oluhlaza kunye nobukhulu obuncinci.
• Ngameva: iibracts zijikile. Ingatyiwa iluhlaza.
• YaseRomanesco: Luhlobo olungqindilili, olujikelezileyo nemfusa
• Spanish: Uvelisa amahlumela amaninzi. Imhlophe, inentloko encinci.
• Uluhlu lweProvence: incinci kakhulu kwaye inobume obungqongqo. Iibracts zayo zitshintshiwe. Inokutyiwa iluhlaza ingekavuthwa ngokupheleleyo.

Ukulima kunye nokhathalelo

Ukuba ufuna ukukhula i-artichoke, ndiza kuchaza ukuba:

Ukuhlwayela

Imbewu Kuhlwayelwa entwasahlobo, kwaye kwenziwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Kuqala, itreyi yesithole izaliswe (ungayifumana apha) nge-substrate yezithole (ezinje nge enye).
2. Okwesibini, iyankcenkceshelwa kwaye kubekwe iimbewu ezimbini ubuninzi kwisokethi nganye.
3. Okwesithathu, bagqunywe ngomaleko omncinci we-substrate kwaye bankcenkceshela kwakhona, ngeli xesha ngesitshizi.
4. Okwesine, isithole sifakwa kwitreyi yeplastiki, ngaphandle kwilanga elipheleleyo.
5. Okwesihlanu, qho emva kweentsuku ezimbini kunkcenkceshelwa - kugalelwa amanzi kwitreyi.

Ngaloo ndlela, iya kuhluma ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezi-14.

Ukutyala

Xa izithole zimalunga ne-5-10cm ubude, iya kuba lixesha lokubagqithisela egadini:

1. Okokuqala, kufuneka ulungiselele umhlaba: susa ingca yasendle, uchumise ngeguano (okanye esinye isichumiso sendalo esifana nomgquba wenkomo), kwaye ufake inkqubo yokunkcenkceshela yedriphu.
2. Emva koko, kuya kufuneka wenze iigroo, ushiye umgama omalunga ne-120cm phakathi kwabo.
3. Emva koko, izithole zityaliwe ukuze zohlulwe malunga ne 90cm phakathi kwazo.
4. Okokugqibela, inkqubo yokunkcenkceshela iqalile.

Ulungiso

Ngoku ukuba uzityalile, kufuneka uzinyamekele. Ngenxa yoko kuya kufuneka wenze oku kulandelayo:

• Amanzi amaxesha ama-2-3 ngeveki ehlotyeni. Ukuphela konyaka akuyi kuba yimfuneko ukuba unkcenkceshele rhoqo.
• Chumisa ubuncinci kube kanye ngenyanga (ubuninzi qho kwiintsuku ezili-15) ngesichumisi esisebenza ngezinto eziphilayo.
• Susa imifuno ekhulayo.
• Emva kokuvuna, kwaye xa sele ziqala ukoma, kufuneka zithenwe kakhulu kuba oku kuyakukhuthaza imveliso yamasimi kwisizini ezayo.

Iindyikitya zokufa nezifo

Izinambuzane

• Zintwala: Zezirhorho ezimalunga ne-0,5cm ezondla iiseli zamagqabi neengcambu. Zingalawulwa ngemigibe emthubi emthubi (ungayifumana apha).
• IiMollusksImigibe kunye ne-slugs zinokubangela umonakalo ngokutya amagqabi. Bangalwa ne-molluscicides, kodwa ukuba unezilwanyana zasekhaya kungcono ukuzisebenzisa mayeza ekhaya.
• Isifo seartichoke: yi-lepidopteran egrumba iigalari kwisiqu, ebangela iingxaki kwisityalo. Ilwa neBacillus thuringiensis (ungayithenga Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo).
• Impukane emhlophe: sisidleleli esinombala omhlophe onamaphiko olinganisa malunga ne-0,5cm esitya nakwiiseli zamagqabi. Ingalwa ngomgibe otyheli.

Izifo

• Ngumbungu: ngumngundo obangela ukuvela komgubo omhlophe kumagqabi, iziqu kunye neziqhamo. Kuyaliwa ngefungicides yendalo (ungathenga apha).
• Umngundo womphunga: Ngumngundo obangela ukuvela kokungunda okungwevu kumagqabi. Ikwalwelwa nokubulala ukungunda.
• UBotrytis: Ngumngundo obangela isiqu kunye nokubola kweengcambu. Kuyaliwa ne-fungicide, nangona iingozi kufuneka zincitshiswe.
• Intsholongwane: ziintsholongwane ezibangela ukubonakala kwemibala kumagqabi nakwisiqhamo. Akukho lunyango.

Ukuvuna

Ixesha lokuvuna iqala ekwindla (ukusukela ngo-Novemba kumantla e-hemisphere) kude kube sebusika / entwasahlobo. Okwenziwayo kukusika i-8-10cm yesiqu seentyatyambo, ukusukela kunyaka wesibini emva kokutyala.

Ukuphindaphinda

Ngaphandle kwembewu, unokuba nee-artichokes ngezinye iindlela: ngabantwana, ekufuneka yahlulwe ngaphambi kokuba isiqu seentyatyambo sikhule; Y ngokwahlulahlula ukubulala. Okokugqibela, okwenziweyo, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ukunqumamisa ukunkcenkceshela kwaye usike isityalo malunga ne-25cm emhlabeni, ushiye irhizome kunye namanye amasebe. Emva koko, yahlulwe yabayi-4 ngesiqwenga se-rhizome kunye namahlumela, yatyalwa kwezinye iindawo.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza

Uluhlu olufanelekileyo lobushushu ukusuka kwi-7 ukuya kwi-29ºC, kodwa ixhasa ukuya kuthi ga kwi -6ºC ubuncinci ukuya kuthi ga kwi-38-40ºC ubuninzi.

Isebenzisa ntoni?

Inkcubeko

IArtichokes Zingatyiwa ziphekiwe okanye ziphekwe, kunye nezinye iintlobo eziluhlaza. Ubuninzi bexesha elifanelekileyo ngamaxesha ama-2-3 ngeveki. Ixabiso lesondlo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Amanzi: 88%
• IiCarbohydrate: 7,5% (ifayibha 3,5%)
• Iiprotheni: 2,3%
• Iipilids: 0,1%
• Potassium: 570 mg / 100 g
• Isodiyam: 35 mg / 100 g
• Iphosphorus: 80 mg / 100 g
• I-calcium: 45 mg / 100 g
• UVitamin C: 9 mg / 100 g
• Vitamin A: 17 micrograms / 100 g
• Vitamin B1: 0,1 mg / 100 g

Amayeza

Inokusetyenziswa kwamayeza amaninzi, oku kulandelayo:

• Inceda ukuvuselela isibindi: emanzini esiwasebenzisayo ukuzipheka, songeza ijusi yelamuni. Emva koko, kuya kufuneka siyithathe kuphela emva kokutya.
• Isinceda ukuba sinciphise ubunzima: Ngenxa yokuchama kunye neepropathi zokucoca, ukuthatha ukumnika kunokubuyisa ubunzima bethu.
• Khathalela incindi yamathumbu: ke ukuthintela (okanye ukunyanga) ukuqhina. Ukulungiselela le nto, kwanele ukubilisa isibini seartichokes kwaye ulawule.
• Usinika amandla: ukuba sihlala siziva sidiniwe, mhlawumbi kungenxa yokuba siswele ukutya ii-artichokes 😉. Ke kuya kufuneka ubabandakanye ekutyeni.
• Nyanga intloko: kuba iintloko akukho nto ibhetele kunokuthatha i-artichoke infusions.

Ngaba yayinomdla kuwe?