Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngohlobo lwe-mushroom enokutyiwa enomgangatho ophezulu ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga. Imalunga nayo I-Boletus reticulatus. Elinye lamakhowa eqela lamakhowa asentwasahlobo afuna iimeko ezithile zokusingqongileyo ukuze zikhule. Ngenye yezona zinto zifunwa kakhulu, kuba ukunambitheka kwayo kunye nokusebenza ngokungafaniyo ukulungiselela izitya kuphezulu.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela zonke iimpawu, i-ecology kunye nokudideka kwe I-Boletus reticulatus.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Umnqwazi kunye neefoyile
Umnqwazi wolu hlobo lwe-mushroom unokuba mkhulu. Kukho imizekelo enobubanzi besigqoko se-25 cm. Xa esemncinci, la makhowa aneminqwazi yehemispherical kwaye umda uphantse wanamathela elunyaweni. Njengoko bekhula kwaye befikelela kwinqanaba lokuvuthwa, umnqwazi uba yinto ecekeceke kubume. Inombala o-brown-hazelnut okhanyayo kwaye iyunifom epheleleyo kuyo yonke. Umda womnqwazi weesampulu ezincinci zihlala zibuyela kwiziko kwaye zigqithile. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintlobo zodidi olufanayo, inomnqwazi oqhelekileyo.
Umphezulu wepileic uyahluka kwaye uhlala ubhaliwe ukusuka egudileyo kunye ne-glabrous ukuya kwi-pubescent kunye ne-felted. Inobumba ngokungathi lilaphu elivakalayo. Xa iimeko zokusingqongileyo zinciphisa iqondo lobushushu lokuma kwaye yonke into iyoma sinokubona ulusu lwakhe luchachamba luze lube namabala rhoqo. Ukuba sihlalutya kakuhle phakathi kweentanda zezi ntanda zincinci sinokubona ukuba inyama emhlophe iphuma ngaphakathi.
Iibhleyidi zayo mide ngokwaneleyo phantse iityhubhu zasimahla. Uninzi lwala maphepha lunobude obuguqukayo obuhamba phakathi kwe-10-20 mm. Zizilayi ezahlulwe ngokugqibeleleyo kwinyama. Xa bengama-specimens amancinci amhlophe kwaye, njengoko bekhula kwaye zikhula zibe ziimakhishithi ezimthubi. Inezibonda ezisesetyhula ezinombala ofanayo kunye neebhleyidi kwaye zinokubonwa kuba azinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka xa zicikizwa okanye zisikwa. Sele siyazi ukuba uninzi lweentlobo zohlobo lweBoletus zijika umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka xa zipinki okanye zisikiwe. Yindlela yokuchonga nokwahlula zonke iintlobo zolu didi.
I-pie nenyama
Ngokumalunga nonyawo, zihlala zinobude obumalunga neesentimitha ezi-5-20 ubude kunye no-2-8 iisentimitha ububanzi. Zihlala zinyinyitheka kwinxalenye esembindini kwaye zithatha ubume bebholus. Olu hlobo lubonakala ngakumbi kwiimodeli ezincinci. Ngale ndlela, sinokuhlela Olu hlobo lwe-mushroom ukonyusa inqanaba lokutya kwaye ube ngcono ngokuvuna.
Unyawo limbozwe ngocingo oluqhelekileyo lwee-reticles kwaye ezi reticles zihlala zixatyiswa kakhulu kwinxalenye ephezulu. Unombala omdaka okhanyayo ofana nalowo wesigqoko.
Okokugqibela, inyama yayo ityebile kwaye imhlophe ngombala. Ugcina lo mbala mhlophe naphantsi kwe-cuticle. Ijika kuphela umbala otyheli kwinqwelomoya yomanyano kunye namashiti ngonxibelelwano olufanayo phakathi kwabo. Inyama inevumba elimnandi, neliswiti kancinci kunye nencasa.
Indawo yokuhlala I-Boletus reticulatus
Olu hlobo lwe-mushroom lolweqela lamakhowa entwasahlobo. Ihlala ibonakala ekupheleni kweli xesha lonyaka kwaye ihlale kude kube sekupheleni kwehlobo. Yayo, Bafuna iindawo zokuhlala ezinophawu lwamagqabi amakhulu. Phakathi kwale nkqubo yezinto eziphilayo kunye ne-oki, i-chestnut, i-beech kunye ne-holm oak. Sinokulufumana olu hlobo lwesampulu phantsi kweeconifers, phakathi kwazo IPinus pinea nemisipres.
Nangona inokukhula kwezinye iintlobo zomhlaba, ikhetha loo mihlaba inesiliceous. Olu hlobo lomhlaba luvumela ukuba lube nophuhliso oluchanekileyo kunye nencasa engcono. Singayifumana ifayile ye- I-Boletus reticulatus omabini ngokwamaqela eesampuli ezininzi kwaye abanye bethe saa. Yeyona nto ityiwayo ityekayo esemgangathweni othelekisekayo UBoletus edulis. Nangona kunjalo, ngolu hlobo kufuneka uqaphele. Kwaye ihlala ikhubazekile rhoqo kwaye inamandla amakhulu ngumbungu wezinambuzane. Oku kwenza ukuba kube ngumsebenzi onzima ukufumana isampuli esencinci kwaye engenazo iigalari ezininzi ngaphakathi ezenziwe zezi zinambuzane.
Kunokuthiwa, mhlawumbi, ibe luhlobo lohlobo lweBoletus olunephunga elinamandla ngakumbi kunye nencasa emnandi ngakumbi. Baninzi abantu abathathela ingqalelo ukuba ezi zinto zibenza babalasele kwezinye iintlobo zeebellus ezityiwayo.
Ukudideka kwe I-Boletus reticulatus
Ngokuchasene nokwenzekayo kwezinye iintlobo zamakhowa atyayo, i I-Boletus reticulatus ayinangxaki yokudideka eyingozi. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ubunzima ekwahluleni nasekuqondeni olu hlobo lwamakhowa kunye nolunye uhlobo olunye. Umzekelo, kunzima ukuchonga ngokubhekisele UBoletus edulis, UBoletus pinophilus y UBoletus aereus. Ukuze sazi kakuhle iimpawu zazo kwaye sikwazi ukwahlula ngokuchanekileyo, siza kubona ukuba zeziphi umahluko ophambili:
- Ngokuhlonela UBoletus edulis Siyayazi loo nto ine-cuticle emnyama kwaye umda ubonakala ulula. Iba viscous ngakumbi xa imozulu imanzi. Unako ukwahlula phakathi kweenyawo ezineminqamlezo emhlophe kwimvelaphi yokhilimu.
- El UBoletus pinophilus Ineetoni ze-garnet zombala obomvu kunye nento emnyama. Ihlala ibonakala kumahlathi ompayini kwaye i-reticulum enemibala e-cream ibekwe ngaphezulu kunyawo.
- Ngokuhlonela UBoletus aereus Siyayazi loo nto ine-cuticle emnyama ngakumbi kunye neenyawo ezifanayo. I-reticulum icace gca kuneBoletus reticulatus.
Kwabaninzi be-mycologists ukwahlulwa kwetaxonomic phakathi kwezi ntlobo akucaci gca. Oku kungenxa yokuba abanakufumana ukungafani kwinqanaba le-macroscopic. Nangona kunjalo, baqala ngumahluko omncinci phakathi kwabo. Kukho iyantlukwano kwindalo ecebisa ukuba kugcinwe iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo.
Njengoko ubona, kubalulekile ukwazi kakuhle iimpawu zekhowa ukuze udideke nengqokelela yayo.Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi ngeBoletus reticulatus kunye neempawu zayo.