Esinye sezitshabalalisi esichaphazela kakhulu umnquma ngumthi i-milkweed yomnquma. Igama layo lenzululwazi ngu Euphyllura olivine Kwaye i-homopter ethi, nangona ingahlali ibangela umonakalo omkhulu, iyacaphukisa xa kuvunwa iminquma.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela zonke iimpawu, umjikelo webhayiloji kunye nonyango lwe-milkweed yomnquma. Funda indlela yokuthintela le nambuzane.
Iimpawu eziphambili
I-milkweed yomnquma yi-homoptera eyeyosapho lwePsyllidae kwaye ubukho bayo kwimithi yeminquma buqhelekile. Ngaphandle kwento onokucinga ngayo ngesi sibetho, ayisoloko ibangela umonakalo omkhulu. Ezi zinambuzane zihlala zichitha ixesha elininzi lobusika zikwimo yazo yabantu abadala. Ukuze ukwazi ukufumana abo bangaphakathi emithini kufuneka sijonge isiseko samagqabi, ii-axils kunye namahlumela.
Ekupheleni kobusika, njengoko amaqondo obushushu enyuka, aqala umsebenzi wawo. Kuxa kufika intwasahlobo apho baqala khona ukuvelisa isizukulwana sabo sokuqala. Zithatha malunga nenyanga kwaye zikhule phakathi kwamahlumelo okhula kunye neentyatyambo. Nymphs inoxanduva lokugcina into yecottony, ethi ke yona ifumane igama lomnquma wobisi. Le nto yecottony isetyenziswa njengendlela yokukhula kunye nokukhula.
Nje ukuba bakumise ukukhula kwabo, kunika iikholoni ezincinci ezenza uhlobo lwesibetho. Isizukulwana sesibini sentwasahlobo senzeka ngexesha lomdiliya womnquma. Kule meko, bayakhula kwi-inflorescence kunye nezinye, zivelisa ikholoni ejongeka njengekhothoni. Esi sizukulwana sesibini sifikelela ebudaleni ehlotyeni. Ukuba ukuwa akushushu kakhulu, qala isizukulwana sesithathu ngexesha lokuwa. Nangona kunjalo, esi sizukulwana sithambekele ekubeni siqwalaselwe ngakumbi kwaye kunzima ngakumbi ukusibona ngamehlo.
Umjikelo wobomi bomnquma wobisi
Ezi zinambuzane zihlala zincinci kakhulu ngobukhulu nangona zinobungqingqwa obungqindilili kunye nombala oluhlaza. Amaqanda anokubonwa njenge zinemilo elliptical. Amaqanda mancinci kakhulu ke kuya kufuneka uwajonge ngononophelo. Xa bekwinqanaba lezibungu, bakhupha i-wax emhlophe enceda ukugubungela indawo ebizwa ngokuba sisithsaba sombungu. Lo mmandla wesityalo ujonge umqhaphu kwaye yiyo le nto inika igama lesitshabalalisi.
Izinambuzane ezikule ntsholongwane zihlala zigcinwa ebudaleni ngexesha lasebusika. Kulapha apho sele singagxininisa ukubasusa ukuze izinambuzane zingabinaso isizukulwana esilandelayo ngexesha lentwasahlobo. Ukuzifumana kufuneka sijonge kwinxalenye yesebe elishiyekileyo nesiqu, apho iimbacu zihlala zifumaneka khona. Ngentwasahlobo kunye nokudubula komthi womnquma umsebenzi wayo webhayoloji uqala.
Ngeli xesha iimazi ziqala umjikelo wazo wokuzala kwaye zibekele amaqanda kwiintsimi zeminquma. Ukutya kwee-nymphs ezisandula ukuzalwa yincindi eveliswa ngumthi womnquma. Ukondla zifunxa incindi kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe zakha ikoloni ehlangeneyo kwaye zibanjiwe kunye ngale filaments yokuthungwa kwendlu.
Isizukulwana sokuqala salezinambuzane sinomjikelo wobomi malunga nenyanga enye. Isizukulwana sesibini sesinye esiya kuthi sithabathe indawo kwinqanaba elidala lesinambuzane. Ngamaqondo aphezulu obushushu ehlotyeni iyayeka ukusebenza kwayo kwaye iqale ikhefu elifutshane elihlala kude kuqale ikwindla. Ukuba ukuwa akushushu kakhulu kuya kubakho isizukulwana sesithathu. Esi sizukulwana sesithathu asinikwanga kubaluleka kakhulu kuba asinaziphumo zibi kumthi womnquma.
Iimpawu kunye nomonakalo
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, umonakalo obangelwe sesi sinambuzane awukho nzima kakhulu ukuba ungathathelwa ingqalelo. Inkxalabo malunga nokubonakala kweekoloni ingaphezulu komonakalo abawenzayo. Kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ukuba ngexesha lesizukulwana sesibini, xa bebadala, kuxa benokubonisa iingxaki ezibaluleke ngakumbi. Kwaye kukuba iikholoni ezinjenge-milkweed zininzi kakhulu kwesi sizukulwana kwaye ziya zixinana kakhulu malunga ne-inflorescence. Oku kugqithisa kweekholoni kungakhokelela ekuchumiseni okungalunganga kweentyatyambo zomthi womnquma kwaye konakalise imveliso yeminquma.
Elona xesha libalulekileyo kwesi sinambuzane kukudubula komthi womnquma. Kulapho kufuneka siqwalasele ngakumbi ukuphelisa ezi zinambuzane. Ukuqonda iimpawu kufuneka senze ixesha lesampulu ngaphambi kokuqala kweentyatyambo. Sikhetha isampulu yesampulu kwaye kuya kuba yimfuneko ukubona ukuba iikholoni ziyaxatyiswa kwiindawo ezikufutshane namahlumela. Ukuba ukulinywa komthi womnquma kuyafana, kwanele ukukhetha indawo ye-300ha.
Ukuba iikholoni zixinene kakhulu, kuya kufuneka kujongwane nazo. Kuya kwenzeka okufanayo ukuba baninzi kakhulu. Umyinge wenyathelo ubekwe kwizinambuzane ezisi-8 nge-inflorescence nganye. Ukusuka apha kulapho kuya kufuneka wenze ungenelelo.
Unyango lwe-oliveweweed
Ukusukela kwaye kucacile amanyathelo othintelo kufuneka sifeze la masampulu akhankanywe apha ngasentla. Kwaye oku kuphuhliso lwabemi bezi zinambuzane babone imeko yezulu inemozulu. Iminyaka enemvula encinci yileya ethanda uphuhliso olukhulu lwe-milkweed yomnquma. Kwelinye icala, iimvula ezininzi zinoxanduva lokuphelisa inani elikhulu leenymphs.
Ukusukela ukusukela Izinambuzane ezisi-8 kwi-inflorescence nganye zinokuphelisa i-photosynthesis kwaye ukuveliswa kwesiqhamo somnquma kufuneka sithathe le ntsholongwane. Unyango lweekhemikhali kufuneka lusekwe kwiimveliso ezigunyazisiweyo zezempilo. Enye yeekhemikhali ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-milkweed yomnquma yile isepha ye-potassium. Yimveliso yekhemikhali ebhalisiweyo engabangeli naluphi na utshintsho lwebhayiloji kwinkangeleko okanye kwimilo yeziqhamo. Ayikwenzi ukumelana nokuba nefuthe lokusebenza koomatshini kwaye kunceda ukutshabalalisa ukhuseleko kwizinambuzane.
Njengoko ubona, sisitshabalalisi ekufuneka unike ingqalelo kuso ukuba nje siyibonile. Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokunyanga i-oliveweweed ye-olive.