Umhlaba we-ecology kunye ne-biodiversity unxulumene kakhulu kwaye ufundwa ngohlobo lwe ibhayotopu. I-biotope ihlala ididekile ne-biocenosis kuba zibanzi kwaye zahlukile. Xa i-biotope kunye ne-biocoenosis zidityanisiwe zibandakanya yonke indawo yendalo.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela ukuba yintoni i-biotope, zeziphi iimpawu zayo kunye neminye imizekelo.
Yintoni i-biotope
I-biotope kwi-ecosystem ibhekisa kummandla okanye kwindawo yokuhlala eneemeko zokusingqongileyo ezoneleyo kuluntu oluthile lwezinto eziphilayo ukuphuhlisa kule ndawo. Njengoko sisazi, ngaphakathi kwendalo izilwanyana ezahlukileyo zezilwanyana nezilwanyana zinokudityaniswa. Ezi zityalo kunye nezilwanyana zixhomekeke kwimeko yendalo enje yimozulu, zizinto zejolojinjl. Zombini izilwanyana kunye neentlobo zezityalo zabelana ngale ndawo kunye nezixhobo ezikhoyo kuyo. Ukwabelana ngale ecosystem kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ulwele izixhobo zommandla. Zininzi izilwanyana ezijongana ngqo ngokuthe ngqo nangokungathanga ngqo ukuze zifumane izibonelelo.
Kukho ezinye izinto eziphilayo ezincedanayo kunye nokuziqhelanisa nokusingqongileyo ukuze zisebenzise izibonelelo ezikhoyo. Nokuba kunjalo, oovimba bendalo benza iindlela zokuphila zezinto eziphilayo ezenza iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ngale ndlela yobomi sinako ukwahlula phakathi kwe-biocenosis kunye ne-biotope. I-Biocenosis ibhekisa kwizityalo nezilwanyana kunye ne-biotope ibhekisa kubume bejoloji. Oko kukuthi, i-biotope ibonisa imozulu, amanzi kunye nohlobo lomhlaba owenza i-ecosystem apho sifumana khona ubomi. Isishwankathelwe ekubeni i-biotope ibhekisa kuyo yonke into engenabo ubomi. Inokuphikisana kuba igama elithi biotope liphethe isimaphambili bio esithetha ubomi. Nangona kunjalo, yalatha kwindalo ehlala i-biocenosis.
Umahluko phakathi kwe-biotope kunye ne-biocenosis
Umanyano phakathi kwe-biotope kunye ne-biocenosis yeyona nto igqiba isithuba esipheleleyo esinokubamba iindidi zezinto eziphilayo. Ukuba sibeka i-biocenosis kunye ne-biotope kunye, senza yonke i-ecosystem. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuhlala zendalo ezibonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo. Ezi meko zokusingqongileyo zinokuzinza ngakumbi okanye ngaphantsi. Yonke loo nto kuya kuxhomekeka kwimozulu, ijiyografi kunye neemeko zebhayoloji. Xa unxibelelwano phakathi kwezi zinto zombini lusenzeka, inika ubume bendalo yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo. Sifumana ihlathi, umlambo, okanye naluphi na olunye uhlobo lwendalo.
Kufuneka sazi ukuba ubomi bunamandla abo. Kwaye zezinto eziphilayo sisiphumo sonxibelelwano phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo zendalo, zombini eziphilayo kunye ne-inert. Oko kukuthi, izinto eziphilayo ziguquka kwaye ziqhelane nokusingqongileyo ngokusekwe kwiipropathi kunye neempawu, kokubini inert kunye nokuphila. Unxibelelwano ngezinto ezahlukeneyo zinokwahluka kakhulu. Kwinqanaba lobudlelwane be-trophic okanye ubudlelwane beentlobo ezinokubakho phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nolwalamano lokutshintshiselana ngamandla kunokuba kwindawo engaphiliyo.
Ngokungafaniyo nendawo yokuhlala yendalo, Igama elithi biotope lisondele kakhulu kwizidalwa kwaye linxulumene ne-biocenosis. I-Biocenosis iqondwa njengeseti yazo zonke izinto eziphilayo ezahlukileyo ezihlala kwindawo eyaziwa njenge-biotope. Yiyo le ndlela ubudlelwane obusekwe ngayo phakathi kwe-biotope kunye ne-biocenosis obusekwe ukuze kuphakame ikhosistim ngokubanzi.
Ukubaluleka
I-biotope ibaluleke kakhulu kufundisiso lwendalo kunye ne-ecology. Kwimeko-bume, igama elithi biotope lilinganiselwe kumda wobuchwephesha ngakumbi. Oko kukuthi, awunakulibona igama elithi biotope njengengxoxo kwincoko ethile. Nangona kunjalo, yazi intsingiselo yayo kunokuba kubalulekile ukuphucula inkcubeko ngokubanzi kunye nokuqonda ukubaluleka kokukhathalela okusingqongileyo.
Abantu abaninzi banolwazi malunga nendlela yokukhusela iintlobo ezithile ezisengozini yokuphela. Aba bantu bagxile ngakumbi ekufumaneni indlela yokuphinda baphinde bonyuse okanye bonyuse inani labantu beli hlobo. Nangona kunjalo, esinye sezizathu zokuba kutheni iintlobo zezilwanyana zisengozini yokuphela ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kwendawo yazo yendalo. Iimeko apho biotope ehlala biocenosis ifunyenwe - umisela into kuphuhliso kunye nokuziqhelanisa.
Kwimixokomelwano yendalo kukho ukulungelelana okuhle okuseka ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-biotope kunye ne-biocenosis. Oko kukuthi, ibhalansi yendalo yenye eqinisekisa ukusinda kohlobo ngokusebenzisana kwezinto eziphilayo nezingaphiliyo. Ngendlela efanayo, sinokwalatha kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo apho indalo ibonisa i-ecosystem ye-ecosystems. Singasondela kwi-biotope njengento ethe kratya. Singafunda ngendalo yasemanzini kumanqanaba ohlukeneyo kwaye ngokubanzi singagxila kufundo lwamanzi amatsha okanye umjikelo wamanzi. Ezi zinto zimbini ziguquguqukayo ziya kwenza i-biotope yendalo. Iintlobo ezihlala kula manzi amatsha zihambelana ne-biocenosis.
Inzululwazi efunda i-ecosystems evela kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo kunye neendawo zokujonga. Singafumana izifundo ezisusela kwinkqubo yendalo yaselwandle ngokupheleleyo ukuya kumjelo weentaba olula. Ukubaluleka kwezi zifundo kukuba isibalo se-biotopes ezahlukeneyo kunye noluntu lwezendalo olwenzayo luyilo oluqinisekisa ukulingana kwendalo. Yiyo le bhalansi yendalo ekufuneka igcinwe kuba yinto eqhelekileyo kuzo zonke.
Imizekelo yeBiotope
Siza kuhlalutya eminye imizekelo ye-biotope ukuyenza icace ukuba luyintoni umbono. Eli gama liya lithandwa ngakumbi kwicandelo lendalo. Kwaye inyani kukuba zininzi izindululo kunye namanyathelo akhoyo okubuyiselwa, ukudala kunye nokuhlaziya imeko yendalo. Kule meko, i-biotope ifumana intsingiselo engqinelana nemimandla ye-ikhosistim encinci esiyidibanisa kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla.
Eminye imizekelo ye-biotopes yile ilandelayo:
- Ukuhlaziywa kwemilambo ukubuyisela umgangatho wamanzi.
- Ukudalwa kweendawo eziluhlaza zendalo
- Ukukhuthaza uphahla oluhlaza
- Ukudalwa kwezitiya kunye neendawo eziluhlaza kwindawo yasezidolophini
- Izitiya zabucala kunye nezendalo
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolwazi olunje ungafunda banzi nge-biotope nokubaluleka kwayo.