Siyazi i-beet njenge i-rustic yemifuno ekhetha umhlaba ocebileyo, omtsha njengokubonakaliswa lilanga elipheleleyo. Iibhontshi ziyinxalenye yosapho Chenopodiaceae ngokokwahlulwa kwamandulo okanye nakwintsapho yaseAmaranthaceae ngokokuhlelwa kwephilogenetiki.
Ihlwayelwa njani imbewu ye beet?
Zimbini iindlela zokuhlwayela i-beet, enye kukuyihlwayela kwiibhokisi kwaye enye ngokuyihlwayela ngqo emhlabeni.
Hlwayela kwiibhedi zembewu
- Sigcwalisa ibhokisi 2/3 ngomhlaba wokubumba kwaye ngobunono ucofe ngetrowel.
- Sibeka i-glomeruli ishiya ubuncinci i-3 cm phakathi kwenye.
- Sigubungela ibhedi yembewu ngesihlungulu kunye netampu elula ngoncedo lwetrowel.
- Sitshiza amanzi ngoncedo lwesitshizi.
Xa izithole zifikelele kwi-10 cm okanye xa sele zinamagqabi amahlanu okuqala, kufuneka sizibeke emhlabeni ezinesithuba esimalunga ne-20 cm phakathi kwabo kwaye ukhethe ezo zinamandla ngakumbi.
Hlwayela emhlabeni
Beet ziyathanda Khetha umhlaba opholileyo kwaye ovulekileyo, Siqala ngokukhulula umhlaba ngegreylinette kunye nenqanaba ngoncedo lwehhuku. Songeza, ukuba kukho imfuneko, uthuthu oluncinci kuba iibhotile zikhetha i-potash. Ukuba isityalo sifuna oko, songeza umgquba ovuthiweyo okanye umgquba owonakele kakuhle kwimisele.
Olu lutyala olwenziwa ngqo kwi-intanethi:
- Sivula imisele eyi-1 ukuya kwi-2 cm ubunzulu, isithuba esishiyana ngama-25 ukuya kuma-30 cm.
- Emva koko sihlwayela i-glomerulus rhoqo kwi-5 cm.
- Sigquma ngomhlaba ocolekileyo kwaye emva koko sicinezele ngomqolo weharika.
- Sifefa ngobunono kwaye sigcina umhlaba ufumile de uphume.
- Xa izithole zifikelele kwi-10 cm okanye zinamagqabi amahlanu okuqala, ezona zinamandla ziya kukhethwa kwaye sizibeka kwindawo engama-20 cm ukuqelelana nganye.
Ukuhlwayela ii beet kunye nokuzitshintsha
Beet idla ngokutyalwa emhlabeni, kodwa kulimo lwakwangoko kungcono kakhulu ukulutyala kwiibhokisi:
Ekulimeni kwasekuqaleni, sibeka imbewu ekupheleni kukaFebruwari ukuya kuAprili kwiibhokisi ezincinci. Ukufakelwa kwesiqhelo kwenziwa ngexesha lokutyala kokuqala endaweni, okuthetha ukuba ngo-Epreli, le iyindlela evumela isivuno ukusukela ngoMeyi ukuya kuJulayi.
Xa kulinywa ngamaxesha athile, kuhlwayelwa phakathi ku-Epreli ukuya kuJulayi ngqo emhlabeni ukuya kwi isivuno esiza kuqhubeka ukusuka kuJulayi ukuya ku-Okthobha.
Indlela yokuvuna kunye nokugcina ii beet?
Isivuno sokuqala, kufuneka sivune i-beet ngeenyanga zika-Meyi ukuya kuJulayi. Leliphi ixesha lokukhula, ngumsebenzi owenziwa phakathi kwenyanga kaJulayi ukuya ku-Okthobha.
Abanye abalimi bavuna amagqabi amancinci ukuze batye kwinto eyaziwa ngokuba yi-mezclum. Ukuba sithatha isigqibo sokwenza oku, Kufuneka silumke singazigqibi izityalo ukuze zikhule iingcambu zazo.
Ukuze sikwazi ukugcina ii-beet bonke ubusika, Kuyacetyiswa ukuba sizigcine kwindawo epholileyo kwaye emnyama, ezifana nesela.
Ukwandisa ulondolozo lwe beet kunye nokugcina ezona mpawu zintle, singangcwaba ii-beet phantsi komaleko wesanti eyomileyo. Kwimozulu epholileyo, zinokugcinwa emhlabeni zikhuselwe ngoncedo lwe-mulch.
Izinambuzane kunye nezifo
ISigatoka sisifo sokungunda esenziwa yi ICercospora beticola fungus. Oku kuqhelekile kwaye kubonakala ngamabala amancinci angqukuva kumphezulu wamagqabi, anombala omdaka ngombala kwaye angqongwe ngumda obomvu. Amagqabi achaphazelekileyo ayoma aze afe.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imbungu ye beet ikwabizwa ngokuba yi Pegomycete okanye umvukuzi we beet, Sisifo apho izibungu zimba iigalari kumagqabi. Nangona kunjalo, esi sinambuzane asixhaphakanga kwiigadi zeziqhamo kunakwizityalo zasendle.