Uninzi luya kubuza,zithini ii-ertyisi zekhephu? Le yimifuno emincinci evela kusapho lwe-ertyisi, eyenzeka kuyo imidumba eluhlaza eluhlaza kwaye banembewu encinci kakhulu ngokungafaniyo nee-ertyisi ezinembewu ziphuculwe ngakumbi, ziyinto esetyenzisiweyo koku.
Bavela kwasekuqaleni Ulwandle lweMeditera kunye neAsia kwaye le yimifuno yamaxesha amafutshane kakhulu, kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngenxa yobuncinci bembewu, Iikhephu zekhephu zinamathela kuyo yonke intoZixubekile kuburhabaxa kwaye kwangaxeshanye zithambile kunye nencasa emnandi kunye nokukhanya okuqaqambileyo kobukrakra, kuyacetyiswa ukuba zigqitywe zintsha ngokusemandleni, kuba ngokuhamba kweentsuku ipod iba nzima kwaye ii-ertyisi zekhephu iphulukana nokungcamla kwayo.
Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi ngaphambi kokupheka ii-ertyisi zekhephu?
Kuyacetyiswa susa imisonto Ezihlelwe kwindibano yemidumba, ngaphambi kokupheka ii-ertyisi zekhephu, kuba uninzi lwazo alukho mnandi.
Inkqubo ayinzima kwaphela, esingxotyeni kufuneka ibanjwe ngesandla esinye kwaye ngoncedo lomnye, isiqu sithathwa yincam yaso, solulelwe phezulu, ngexa isikhwama sicinezelwe ezantsi kwaye le mithambo iphuma iphelele.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba kukho abo bayisebenzisayo ngaphandle kokususa le micu yecala, akukho nto yenzekayo ukuba ayisuswanga, kuba ingumbandela wokungcamla, kodwa khumbula, kufuneka ihlanjwe ngocoselelo.
Indlela yokupheka ii-ertyisi zekhephu?
Kukho iindlela ezintathu ekucetyiswa ukuzipheka, ngokuthe ngqo emanzini ashushu, afuthisiweyo okanye asikiweyo. Into ebalulekileyo ayikukubagqitha, kuba baphulukana nobumnandi babo, eyenye yezinto ezinomtsalane kubo.
Inkqubo yokupheka emanzini yenza ukuba kube lula ukuthoba incasa ekrakra yee-ertyisi zekhephuNangona kunjalo, oku kukungcamla kwesidlo. Nje ukuba zisuswe ebushushwini, ukupheka kufuneka kumiswe ngamanzi abandayo, kukhunjulwe ukuba kufuneka ityiwe i-dente.
ukuba Zisebenzise ziye zahanjiswaUngazipheka ngokuthe ngqo kunye nezinye izithako okanye ukuba ukhetha njalo, zinokudlula emanzini abilayo imizuzwana embalwa emva koko zisiwe.
Ukuba ufuna ukongeza ii-ertyisi zekhephu kwi-stews, khumbula ukuyenza phantse esiphelweni, xa izakulunga ukuze bagcine ukubambeka kwabo okungaginyisi mathe.
Ikwaziwa nangala magama, i-bisalto, i-miracielo kunye ne-capuchin ertyisi
E-France babiza ii-ertyisi zekhephu "pois gourmant", "pois princese" kunye "pois mangetout", eNgilane baziwa njenge "peas yekhephu" kwaye e-Italiya "taccola" kunye "piselli mangiatutto." Le yokugqibela iza kuba luncedo, kuba yonke le mifuno iyatyiwa, ngenxa yayo ipod yethenda kunye nembewu encinci.
Umboniso ubetha kakhulu, luhlaza oqaqambileyo kwaye tyaba ngokufanelekileyo, ngamaqhuma amancinci apho imbewu ngaphakathi kwayo ibonakala ngokufihlakeleyo kwaye iyaxatyiswa ngenxa yencasa kunye noburhabaxa, yiyo loo nto kufuneka unonophele ungazigqithisi.
Iipeyisi zekhephu zihlala zikhona kwezinye izitya zokutyikitya njengenxalenye yezithako, nangona ingezizo ezo ziphambili. Ihlala isetyenziswa kwisaladi, isuphu, iimbotyi kunye necala lokunye ukutya.
Iipropati zekhephu
Iipeyisi zekhephu zineeprotein zemifuno, ivithamin B, ivithamin C, iiminerali ezinje nge zinc, potassium, magnesium kunye nefibre, ukubonelela ngamandla kwaye kuyakhuthaza, kodwa kunjalo kuchasene nabantu abaneengxaki zesisu, eziphakathi ekutyeni nakwabo banesisu esetyisayo.
Ukulima ii-ertyisi
Ukusuka kusapho lakwaFabaceae, zimele isivuno esiluncedo kakhulu kuba xa umhlaba uphelile emva kweminyaka yezityalo ezifuna okuninzi emhlabeni, njengemifuno. Iipeyisi zekhephu Iququzelela ukulungiswa kwe-hydrogen kwi-substrate kwaye inceda umhlaba ukuba ukhule ngokutsha ngokukhawuleza.
Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokukhulisa intwasahlobo, kwakamsinya nje ukuba amaqondo obushushu asezantsi aphele.
Kuya kufuneka zikhuliswe zigcina umgama phakathi komqolo omnye nomnye umalunga neesentimitha ezingama-40 ukuya kuma-50, ngendlela yokuba uphuhliso lwesityalo ngasinye senziwe lula. Nje ukuba bafikelele kwi ukuphakama malunga neesentimitha ezili-15 Isikhondo kufuneka somelezwe ngesiseko okanye umqeqeshi ukuze ziqhubeke nokukhula ziye phezulu, le nkqubo inegalelo ekuveleni okulandelayo kwemidumba kunye nokuqokelelwa kwayo, emva kweenyanga ezimbini, isityalo sikhula ngokupheleleyo kwimidumba enikezela ukuqokelela ukuya kuthi ga malunga namaxesha amane.
Ayisosityalo sifuna okuninzi emhlabeni, ngaphandle kokuba sikhona izondlo ezaneleyoIfanelwe lilanga elininzi, nangona ingagqithisanga kwaye inyanzeliswa ngokusisigxina, kuba ayiyinyamezeli imbalela. Kodwa ukuba into oyifunayo kukuba nayo ukuvuna ii-ertyisi zekhephu Ngalo lonke ixesha lasehlotyeni, kufuneka kwenziwe izityalo ezibini umahluko phakathi kweeveki ezintathu phakathi kwenye nenye.
Makhe sithethe ngohlobo lwee-ertyisi zekhephu, ii-ertyisi ze-ertyisi
Kude nokuvela kwinkqubo ye-hybrid, kukwahluka kohlobo mdala kakhulu, ngasendleleni.
Ikhulile ngendlela efanayo nee-ertyisi, ifuna imozulu yokutsha okuninzi kwaye ayifuni kakhulu i-substrate, enyanisweni, ayiyinyamezeli imihlaba enomxholo ophezulu we-asidi, ikwafuna ilanga elininzi kunye nokunkcenkceshelwa okungagungqiyo komhlaba.
Ezona zinambuzane zitshabalalisayo zihlala zichaphazela amasimi ekhephu ziiaphids, fungus, coleopterans kunye nepea moths.
Ukongeza kwiipropathi zayo zesondlo xa uyibeka etafileni, into yokuhombisa kwi-ertyisi yekhephu lixabiso elongeziweyo, kuba iintyatyambo zayo ezibomvu eziqaqambileyo ziyabukisa, njengeziqhamo zayo ezityheli.
Okwangoku kukho izinto eziphantsi kophuhliso, izityalo zee-ertyisi kwizindlu zokugcina ukutya nakwidolophu yaseAlmería, zizonke iindidi ezisibhozo zale mifuno ethi, inikwe ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngokupheleleyo (imidumba kunye nembewu), zinomtsalane.
Injongo yezi zivuno zilawulwayo yile Chaza umgangatho kunye nokubaluleka kwee-ertyisi zekhephu kunye nezinye izityalo ezibubumdaka ekwahlukaneni kwezityalo ze greenhouse, ekubonakala ukuba zikwazile ukugqama ngaphezulu kwezinye izityalo, ngakumbi leyo isichaphazelayo ngenxa yeepropathi zayo ezaziwayo eziye zayifumana njengesihloko sedicicessessen.
Ukuba imalunga neshishini, eAlmería ukwahlulwa kwezityalo kukhuthaziwe kule minyaka idlulileyo, kunikwa indlela iintlobo zezityalo ezintsha ukuze uvule ezinye iindlela zeshishini kwaye kulimo lwee-ertyisi zekhephu, akukho mathuba angathathelekiyo oshishino kwaye ukufaka isandla kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho YeAndalusia.
Ngale ndlela nakwi-2016, yasungulwa Ukulima i-greenhouse (uvavanyo) Ezingama-800 eemitha zesikwere, eziqulathe iindidi ezisibhozo zizonke iziphumo zazo ebezintle ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ngoku zikwisigaba sokuqokelela ezi zifundo zazo ezihambelanayo ukuze kufunyanwe ukuba zeziphi iindidi ezizezona zilungele ukukhula kwigreenhouse.
Izifundo ezenziwa zizikolo ezininzi kunye nangokusetyenziswa kwamaphepha emibuzo zibonisa ukuba I-Tirabeque ngoku iyalinywa kwiindawo ezincinci imi kwiindawo ezibandayo kakhulu, eqinisekisa ukuba kude koko bekutshiwo, ziyamelana kumaqondo obushushu ukuhla ukuya ku-3 degrees.
Ezi datha zamva nje zivela kwinkomfa ebibanjelwe IFAPA yaseLa Mojonera (Almería) ngoFebruwari walo nyaka 2017.