Kuba zininzi iintlobo zemithi kwihlabathi liphela kukwakho iintlobo ezininzi zeenkuni ezinokusetyenziselwa ukwakha kunye nefenitshala. Umthi usebenzisa enye yezona zinto zindala, zibalaseleyo kwaye zintle ezisetyenziswa ngabantu. Kuxhomekeka kumthi esiwusebenzisayo ukukhupha iinkuni, zininzi iintlobo zeenkuni. Ukongeza, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lonyango abalufumanayo kwiinkqubo abazifumanayo, sikwafumana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeenkuni kunye neempawu zazo eziphambili.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Zombini namhlanje, eziqhelekileyo kwixesha elidlulileyo, iinkuni yinto esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinjongo ezahlukeneyo. Isixhobo esilungiselelwe ukwenza izinto ezininzi. Ineempawu zobugcisa ezenza ukuba ibe yinto enomdla kakhulu. Kwaye ukuba umthi yinto eqhelekileyo ye ukumelana okuphezulu, ukuhlala ixesha elide ekuhambeni kwexesha, i-ductility kunye nokuqina. Yinto enokuxhasa isixa esikhulu sobunzima, inokuyilwa nangayiphi na indlela esifuna ngayo kwaye iyamelana ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Kuzo zonke ezi zizathu, iinkuni zisetyenziselwe ukwakha izindlu kunye nefenitshala, ngaphandle kwezigidi zezinye izinto. Njengoko sisazi, ngokuxhomekeke kunyango olunikiweyo kunye neenkqubo ezisetyenzisiweyo ekudalweni kwayo, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomthi. Zisetyenziselwa ukwenza imigangatho, udonga kunye nesilingi kunye nezinye iintlobo zeenkuni ezinokusetyenziselwa ukwakha nayiphi na ifanitshala. Namhlanje ungabona iinkuni kwiishelufa zakudala, iingcango, iibhedi, iitafile, iifreyimu zasekhitshini, iishelfu, iikhabhathi kunye nempahla yokuhlambela. Sinokuzifumana nakwizinto zomhombiso ezinophawu lwazo oluphambili amandla okuphucula iinkcukacha zeendawo apho sibeka khona.
Iindidi zeenkuni
Ngoku siza kuhlalutya ukuba zeziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemithi kunye neempawu zazo eziqhelekileyo. Siyakhumbula ukuba kukho izigidi zeentlobo zeenkuni, kodwa ayizizo zonke ezisetyenzisiweyo ngenxa yeempawu esele sizikhankanyile ngasentla. Kukho ezinye iinkuni ezingenazo zonke iimfuno ezisetyenziswayo kulwakhiwo.
Ukuze wazi kwaye uhlele iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemithi, kufuneka uwahlule kwezinye iindidi. Into yokuqala ukwahlulahlula i-softwoods kunye ne-hardwoods. Iqela leenkuni ezithambileyo sifumana ezo zivela kumsedare, ipayine kunye nepine, phakathi kwabanye. Emahlathini alukhuni sinazo ezo zivela kwitsheri, i-beech, i-oki kunye ne-walnut. Ukongeza umahluko phakathi komthi onzima noluthambileyo, kukho ezinye izinto kunye nemiba eyahlukeneyo echaphazela uhlobo ngalunye lomthi.
Kuzo zonke ezi zizathu kufuneka sazi ukuba zeziphi iinkuni ekufuneka sizikhethele umsebenzi ngamnye oza kunikwa. Phakathi kwale miba sifumana umbala weenkuni, amaqhina kunye nemithambo. Kufuneka sithathele ingqalelo iimfuno zethu, ezethu izinto esizithandayo kunye nohlobo lwefanitshala okanye indawo esifuna ukuyenza. Ukuthathela ingqalelo zonke ezi zinto kuya kufuneka sitsho ukuba luhlobo luni lomthi okanye olunye.
Ngoku siza kuhlalutya ukuba zeziphi ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zomthi kunye neempawu zazo eziphambili:
- Umthi womthi: Ngenye yeentlobo eziqhelekileyo zemithi ezifumaneka kuMbindi naseMpuma Yurophu. Sifumana ngokulula eSpain. Olunye lweempawu eziphambili ekuthi ngalo umthi we-fir ume ngokulula ekusebenzeni. Ndiyabulela kuyo, ifanitshala, izixhobo zomculo, iingcango kunye neefestile zingenziwa kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwicandelo lokwakha. Unokumelana kakhulu nokufuma.
- PineUmthi wepayini kulula kakhulu ukuwusebenza kwaye phantse zonke iintlobo zithambile. Olunye lweempawu ezenza ukuba olu hlobo lomthi lubonakale kukuba kubiza kakhulu. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kulwakhiwo. Ubume bayo bufana ngokulula kwaye kulula ukusebenza, obenza ukuba ibe zezona ntlobo zisetyenziswayo zokuchwela, ifanitshala nokubumba.
- Umsedare: Olona hlobo luqhelekileyo lubomvu olusentshona. Umbala wayo ubomvu krwe kwaye luhlobo oluthambileyo lomthi. Inephunga elinuka kamnandi kwaye isetyenziselwa ukwenza ifanitshala yangaphandle. Kungenxa yokuba iimpawu zayo ziyivumela ukuba imelane neemeko ezinomswakama kakuhle ngaphandle kokubola. Inempawu ezomeleleyo kwaye luhlobo oluhle kakhulu lweenkuni zefanitshala yegadi.
- Imephu: ngomnye wemithi exhaphakileyo ehlabathini. Inombala okhanyayo kakhulu kwaye inobulukhuni obuphakathi. Nangona ingahlali ixesha elide, isetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kunye nokwenza izixhobo zomculo ezingashukumi.
- Ngu: Lo mthi usasazeka ikakhulu eYurophu kwaye unokufumaneka ngokulula eSpain. Umbala wayo ubomvu krwe kwaye iba mnyama ngokuya umthi usiba mdala. Lo mthi unzima kodwa kulula ukusebenza ngawo. Isetyenziswa ikakhulu ekwenzeni izixhobo zomculo, kodwa nakwifenitshala yazo zonke iintlobo. Inokuchasana okumangalisayo.
- Walnut: Enye yeentlobo zeenkuni ithathwa njengeyona intle kubathandi bemithambo yayo yi-walnut. Umbala wayo umnyama kwaye uthanda ukuba mfusa ngokubanzi. Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukwenza ifanitshala, imigangatho kunye neendonga. Ngokumalunga nexabiso, yenye yezona mithi zibiza kakhulu kodwa inezinto ezithile ezenza umdla kakhulu. Umthi onzima kwaye umelana kakhulu. Iyakwazi ukumelana nokuqhekeka kunye nokothuka. Ukongeza, ngumthi odibeneyo ukuze usetyenziswe phantse naphi na. Namhlanje isetyenziselwa ukutyabeka okunethezeka kwiikhabhathi, ifenitshala, imihombiso kunye nezinto eziguqukileyo.
- Oak: Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili zomthi we-oki: obomvu nomhlophe. Ngomnye wemithi exhaphakileyo eSpain kwaye uyathandwa kakhulu ngokuba yenye yezona zinto zichasene kakhulu esinokuzifumana. Ayikuvumeli ukuba kube lula kakhulu ukusebenza kuba inobunzima obukhulu. Nangona ingumthi wexabiso eliphezulu, intle kakhulu kwaye inefuthe elihle kubuhle. Isetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kwemigangatho kunye nokufakwa eludongeni. Kukwenziwa kwefenitshala entle.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zomthi kunye neempawu zazo eziphambili.