Imbewu sisiqhamo seebhiliyoni zeminyaka yendaleko. Indlela ezihambe ngayo ezi zityalo zimangalisayo kangange-299 yezigidi zeminyaka, kwixesha lamaPermi. Ngelo xesha kwavela izityalo zokuqala "zala maxesha": ezo zazingazalanga zizithole, ezinje ngomngundo okanye iifeni, kodwa lilungu eliphuhliswe ngakumbi elinomthwalo obalulekileyo ngaphakathi: umbungu.
Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi iindawo ezahlukeneyo zembewu? Yiza, ufunde ukuze ufumane okungakumbi malunga nomhlaba othakazelisayo wezityalo.
Kunzima ukungoyiki xa ukhetha imbewu. Bendihleli kwigadi yegadi ukusukela ngo-2006 kwaye nangona unyaka nonyaka ndihlala ndityala izityalo ezitsha kwaye ndiyayazi inkqubo, xa ii-cotyledons zivela kwi-substrate Andikwazi ukuzibamba ndothukile. Kuyamangalisa ukuba umthi ungama-20, 30 okanye ngaphezulu kweemitha ukukhula njani ukusuka kwimbewu engenakulinganisa isentimitha enye.
Ngokucacileyo, kuthatha ixesha. Ayisiyo inkqubo eyenzeka ngobusuku obunye. Izinto zofuzo apha, njengakwindlela yokukhula nokukhula kwezinye izinto eziphilayo, zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu..
Xa intyatyambo idluliselwa ipoleni, esibelekweni ii-chromosomes zikamama zixutywe nezo zikatata. Ngokukhethwa kwendalo okuphunyeziweyo kukuba izizukulwana ezitsha zihlala zichasene ngakumbi kunabo bangaphambili. Kwimeko ekhethekileyo yezityalo, kancinci kancinci baye bakwazi ukuziqhelanisa neendawo abahlala kuzo ngenxa yemveliso yendalo.
Ngoku, Zintoni iimpawu zembewu? Ewe, zezi:
- Umbungu: sisityalo esitsha kwinguqulelo encinci. Yinto eqala ukukhula ngokukhawuleza xa iqanda lifakwa kwisichumisi, ngexesha lokudluliselwa kwembewu. Oku ke kubandakanya:
- Radicle: yingcambu yokuqala. Kuyo kuya kuvela iingcambu kunye neenwele eziza kuyivumela ukuba itye.
- IPlumule: sisihlumelo esikwelinye icala lembewu.
- Hypocotyl: sisiqu ekubunjweni.
- ICotyledon: ligqabi lokuqala lesityalo esidubula iintyatyambo. Kwimeko yengca kunye nemithi yesundu, iyakuba yinye kuphela, oko kukuthi, ezi zizityalo ezizodwa; Eminye (imithi, iintyatyambo, icacti, njl.njl.) Iya kuba nezimbini, kuba zizityalo ezinamachaphaza.
- Endosperm: yindawo yokugcina ukutya kwembewu, ehlala itya isitatshi kunye noshukela.
- EpispermNgumaleko ongaphandle othi kwiigymnosperms wenziwe ngumaleko omnye obizwa ngokuba yi-testa, kwaye kwii-angiosperms wenziwa ngababini, i-testa kunye ne-tegumen engezantsi.
Imbewu inokuhlala ilala ixesha elide, nokuba ngamawaka eminyaka. Ukuba iimeko azikulungelanga, okanye ukuba umbungu awukagqityi ukukhula kwawo, awuyi kuhluma. Ngokuchasene noko, ukuba yonke into ihambe kakuhle, kwimiba yeentsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiinyanga ezimbalwa (kuxhomekeke kwindidi) ziya kuqala ukuhluma, njengoko le oki incinci yenza: