Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngengca eqhelekileyo exhaphake kakhulu efumaneka kwizityalo eziziinkozo kwaye ithathwa njengokhula oluninzi kwisiqingatha esisemantla seSpain. Malunga nayo ILolium rigidum. Igama laso eliqhelekileyo yi vallico kwaye sisityalo esisetyenziswa kakhulu emadlelweni nasengceni. Nangona ithathwa njengokhula kwicandelo lezolimo, lisetyenziswa kwiindawo eziqhelekileyo nakwiipaki zasezidolophini. Sisityalo sonyaka esine-monocotyledonous kwaye saziwa nangamanye amagama anje nge-amargallo, codilla, duello, luello, luejo, margallo.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela zonke iimpawu, iimfuno zokusingqongileyo, ukuhanjiswa kunye nezinto onomdla kuzo ILolium rigidum.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Luhlobo lwesityalo oluqhele ukufumaneka kwizityalo zesiriyeli. Ngaphandle kokuqwalaselwa njengokhula kwezi ntsimi, isetyenziswa emadlelweni nasengceni. Une ukuhluma phakathi kwexesha lasehlotyeni nasekuqaleni kobusika. Inokufumaneka kwiindawo ezinesiriyeli kwaye ukuvela kwayo okukhulu kukwindla. Yeyosapho lwengca kwaye sisityalo sonyaka.
Inobude obuhambayo ukusuka kwi-10-60 iisentimitha kwaye iziqu ziyenyuka. Amagqabi ayo amafutshane kwaye anembumba encinci. Inama-auricles kwaye iziqu ziba nzima kwindawo ephezulu yesityalo. Inokuba neentyatyambo eziphakathi kwe-2 ne-11 kunye nee-anther zayo zi-4.5 mm ubude. Ezinye zeentlobo ezikufutshane ezinokudideka nazo ILolium rigidum yiyo I-lolium engapheliyo. Esi sityalo sinama-anthers amancinci kwaye sisityalo esingapheliyo. I-anthers yazo zi-3 mm ubude. Olunye uhlobo olufanayo yile ILolium multiflorum. Umahluko kwesi sityalo kukuba unemibala emifutshane kunye inokufikelela ku-2/3 wobude be ILolium rigidum.
Iimfuno zendalo esingqongileyo ILolium rigidum
Esi sityalo sithathwa njengokhula kwiinkalo zesiriyeli. Nangona kunjalo, bafuna iimfuno ezithile zokusingqongileyo ukuze baphile kakuhle. Ikhula kuphela kwimeko ezinemozulu yeMeditera kwaye ilungelelaniswe neemeko zemozulu ezinemiqolo. Impumelelo yophuhliso nokukhula kwayo kungenxa yenyani yokuziqhelanisa nayo Ikuvumela ukuba ungafuneki kakhulu ngokwexabiso lamanzi owadingayo. Iyakwazi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu asezantsi kwaye inokulungiswa kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba.
Ezi mpawu zenza ukuba ibe sisityalo ngokulula xa kufikwa ekwandiseni indawo yokuhambisa. Yinzalelwane yelwandle kwiMeditera kwaye ukulinywa kwayo emadlelweni kuye kwasasazeka kumazwe awahlukeneyo anemozulu yeMeditera. Singasifumana esi sityalo e-Australia nangona umphezulu waso wehlile kakhulu kule minyaka idlulileyo. Unobangela wokuhla kwaba bantu kungenxa yeengxaki ezikhoyo nge-ARGT (iRyeGrass Toxicity yonyaka). I-ARGT yiyo Ityhefu yemfuyo ngokutya ityhefu eveliswa yintsholongwane Rathayibacter toxicus kwizityalo ezosulelekileyo. Usulelo lwenzeka kwisityalo kwaye lwenzeka ngebhaktheriya eveliswa bubukho be-nematode Anguina baleas.
Esi sesinye sezizathu zokuba kutheni abantu be- ILolium rigidum zincitshisiwe kwezi nkqubo zendalo. Nangona kunjalo, eSpain kwisiqingatha esisemantla selizwe kuthathwa njengokhula oluvela kumhlaba wokutya. Inokuhlwayelwa kwinkcubeko emsulwa okanye kwimixube kwaye bafuna umhlaba owomileyo okanye umhlaba onkcenkceshelwayo. Nangona ingadingi manzi maninzi ukuze ikwazi ukukhula, ifuna ukunkcenkceshela okuthatha ithuba kwizityalo eziziinkozo.
Iindlela zokusebenzisa ILolium rigidum
Esi sityalo sinokusekwa okuhle ebaleni sakuba sihlwayelwe ekuqaleni kokwindla. Singafumana idosi yokuhlwayela phakathi kwe 15-30 kilograms kwi hekthare nganye Nangona ithathwa njengesityalo sonyaka sokuhlwayela iimoto, ineengxaki zokuqhubeka ebaleni ukusukela kunyaka wesithathu. Izizathu zokuncitshiswa kokuzingisa ngokuhamba kwexesha kwindawo ekhulayo ziyafundwa ukuze zibone ukuba ziyintoni na.
Nangona ithathwa njengokhula kwimihlaba yesiriyeli, inomdla wokutya. Kwaye sisityalo esikhula kakuhle ebusika, ukuba iimvula zasekwindla ziyahamba nazo kwaye zinomthamo omkhulu wokulima. Ukutsala ngaphandle kwento evumela ukuba kwandiswe ngokulula ukuba kukho imfuneko yokulima ngokupheleleyo.
Kwiimveliso ezinemvula, ukuhanjiswa kwazo kunye nobuninzi bazo kuyachukumisa. Kuxhomekeke kulawulo olusemthethweni lokuba abantu kunye nemimandla ikhona kwaye banokufikelela kumaxabiso afikelela kwiitoni ezilithoba ngemitha nakwihektare ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo. Inomgangatho olungileyo wokutya kunye nomxholo weproteyini eluhlaza. Kwiifreyithi ezisemgangathweni ophezulu esinokuzifumana zijikeleze I-25% ye-crude protein xa isityalo sikwimo enamagqabi kunye neepesenti ezili-14 zeprotheyini eluhlaza xa ifakwe.
Ukusetyenziswa kunye neendidi
Phakathi kokusetyenziswa esinako ILolium rigidum Sele sibonile ekutyeni. Isetyenziselwa ukutyisa emadlelweni kunye nokuvuna. Kwizityalo ezinikwe yimvula kusetyenziswa izinto ezininzi kwaye kwiindawo ezinkcenkceshelwayo kunokwenziwa ngaphezulu. Ukuba iimvula zasekwindla ziyalibaziseka ngexesha kwaye kamva imveliso iqala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Esi sityalo sinokukwazi ukuphinda sibhikice, kwaye ke, sisetyenziswa ekuqaleni kwako konke ukubhikica. Ngale ndlela, isityalo sivunyelwe ukuba siphinde sivele kwaye ukusetyenziswa okulandelayo kunokwenziwa xa imbewu ye-mushroom iwele emhlabeni.
Kukho iintlobo ezithile ze ILolium rigidum kunye nabantu abazenzekelayo kwintlambo ye-Ebro babonwa ngeziphumo ezinemveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo kokutya. Ezinye zezi ntlobo ZiyiWimmera kunye neNurra.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga ILolium rigidum.