Iqhelekile into ukulima iitumato zichaphazeleke zizifo ezininzi, izitshabalalisi kunye neentsholongwane; Phakathi kwezi kukho i-ascomycete fungus eyaziwa ngokuba yi "enye indawo", Equlathe ukubola okuchaphazela ukubonakala kwesityalo.
Kule posi, siza kuthetha ngantoni yintoni i-tomato alternariaIimpawu ezivelisayo kunye nonyango lwayo, ukongeza kwezinye izinto malunga nale fungus.
Ithetha ntoni enye i-tomato alternaria?
I-Alternaria ngundo ohlasela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, a umngundo polyphagous, enegama amandla okuphila iinyanga ezili-12 Kwintsalela yezityalo zetumato ezigulayo, ikwacinezela i-inoculum yezityalo.
Le fungus iqhelekile hlasela iitumato Ngokuqhekeka kokukhula, ukwenzakala okuveliswe kukubethwa lilanga, ukulunywa zizinambuzane kunye nokubetha okungafaniyo. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba yenza njalo ngokuthe ngqo kwi-epidermis ye-intact ye amagqabi, iziqu kunye neziqhamo, ngoko ke kufuneka wenze ngokukhawuleza, kuba yakuba ifakelwe enye i-alternaria kwiigadi zeziqhamo iqala ukubuna yonke into.
Zithini iimpawu zetamati alternaria?
Ngokubanzi, ukutshintsha kuvela kumagqabi asezantsi kwaye ngokuqhubekayo Isasazeka nakwesinye isityalo, ide ichaphazele ngokupheleleyo amagqabi, isiqu, kunye neziqhamo zayo.
Zombini kwisiqu kunye nepetiole, kwenziwa amanxeba amnyama kunye neemilo ezinde kunye namakhonkco egxile. Kwitumato kukho amabala amaninzi emdaka athi kwezinye iimeko, abe ne-halo etyheli, enokubangela ukuba iphini lome.
Ezo ntlobo ze ukuvuthwa kade, zihlala zinokuchasana ngakumbi nale fungus. Nangona kunjalo, ukusukela kumzuzu we Ukuhlasela kwe-alternariaKude kuvele iimpawu, kungathatha malunga neentsuku eziyi-8-10, ukuba ukwimeko ezifanelekileyo.
Zeziphi iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokuba is alternaria yenzeke?
Abo iimeko ezixhamla ekusasazeni kwe-alternaria, ngesiqhelo kukusasazeka kwefungus ngumoya, izinambuzane, amanzi, oomatshini bezolimo, njl. Nangona kunjalo, i-spores ihluma kwaye zingcolisa amagqabi xa zifumile, oku kungenxa yokuba ukungunda kuhlala kusebenza ngakumbi xa ujongene namaqondo ashushu okanye aphakathi, kunye ukuba kwindawo efumileyo; Esi sizathu sokuba umngcipheko unyuke ngokubonakalayo ngexesha leemvula.
Ngokunjalo kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba uhlaselo luhlala lubi kakhulu xa izityalo zixinizekile ngenxa ye- ukuchuma ngenxa yokungabikho kwenitrogen okanye ukuhlaselwa yimatodes.
Indlela yokulwa i-tomato alternaria?
Ngexesha i-alternaria ilawula ukuhlasela isityalo, akukho lula ukuyilawula; ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko Hlola isivuno ubuncinci kabini ngeveki ekukhangeleni izityalo ezibonisa iimpawu ezibangelwa sesi sifo, ngaphambi kokuqala ukusetyenziswa kwalo naluphi na uhlobo lokubulala ukungunda.
Njani na isicelo unyango?
Isinyathelo sokuqala Ukunyanga i-tomato alternariaInokufakwa kweelitha ezili-15 zesibulali sokubulala ngentla esikhankanywe ngaphambili (iDaconil 50 SC) ngokusebenzisa isipaji esinesalfathi esivumela ukutshiza imveliso.
Emva koko, i Ukusetyenziswa kwesichumiso seAlexin, ukukhusela nokuchumisa umhlaba apho sikhona isityalo kwaye wenze njalo, kwiilitha ezili-10-15 zamanzi kufuneka uxube imvulophu yesichumiso, emva koko yigalele phantsi usebenzisa itoti yamanzi.
Emva kweentsuku eziyi-3-4, kuyafuneka faka isicelo kwakhona kwiDaconil 50 SC kwezo zityalo zinesifo i-alternaria. Ukuba emva kweveki isityalo siyagula, Isicelo sesithathu nesokugqibela kufuneka senziwe yemveliso.
Zeziphi izityalo ezichaphazela isalaria?
Ngaphandle kwetumato, enye i-alternaria ikwachaphazela isitshalo seqanda, iitapile kunye nasiphi na esinye isityalo se-nightshade.