Ithanga sisityalo ekufuneka sithenwe ukuba ufuna sikhule kakuhle ngaphandle kokuhlangabezana nezinye iimfuno. abantu abaninzi bayabuza indlela yokuthena amathanga kuba kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuyenza. Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo lokuthena olunikezelwayo alubalulekanga kangako, kodwa ubuchule be-pruner. Ngesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuziqhelanisa kancinci kancinci njengoko iindlela zokuthena zisaziwa.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela indlela yokuthena amathanga kwaye yeyiphi imiba omele uyithathele ingqalelo.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Iintyatyambo zethanga zityheli, zinkulu, zimile okwefuneli. Banobomi obufutshane: zityatyamba ekukhanyeni kwelanga zize zivale kude kuse. Njengesityalo esine-monoecious, sineentyatyambo ezizinkunzi kunye nezasetyhini kwaye i-self-pollination: iintyatyambo zasetyhini zinokusasazwa yi-pollen kwiintyatyambo zesilisa esinye.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuthunyelwa kwe-pollination kuphumelele. Oko kukuthi, iintyatyambo ezizimazi zichunyiswa yi-pollen yezinye izityalo zohlobo olufanayo okanye olwahlukileyo. Xa intyatyambo yobukhomokazi ivundisiwe, isiqhamo siyakhula, kungenjalo siyabuna.
Ngokuphathelele isiqhamo, ngokubanzi, isiqhamo siyahluka ngobukhulu, ukusuka kwi-courgettes ukuya kumathanga anobunzima obungaphezulu kwe-20 kg. Zingqukuva, zisicaba, zigobile, zinendawo egudileyo okanye erhabaxa, ngeethoni ezityheli neziluhlaza. I-pulp iqinile kwaye i-orenji, kwaye imbewu iyabonakala kwaye i-flat, i-1 cm ubude. Isiqhamo kunye nembewu yaso zisetyenziselwa ukutya kwabantu, ukutya kwemfuyo, amayeza kunye neemveliso zokuhombisa. Imbewu yethanga yayityiwa yosiwe ngobuninzi phambi kokuba ithengiswe ngembewu kajongilanga.
Inesiqu esinemithi iqubuda okanye ikhwela intaba kwaye inemithombo yecoil yokukhwela. Amagqabi makhulu, amile okwentliziyo, acandeke nzulu, kwaye arhabaxa xa uwabamba. Ziluhlaza.
Kutheni amathanga ethenwa?
Injongo yokuthena ithanga kukuqondisa kwakhona amandla akho kwaye ususe izikhondo ezonakalisiweyo okanye ezibunayo, amagqabi kunye neentyatyambo. Oku kulungile kwisityalo kuba inceda ukukhusela izifo kwaye iphucula ukukhula kunye nokubonakala kwayo, yiyo loo nto ingomnye wemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu ekunyamekeleni izityalo zethu.
Ukuthena ithanga kuneenjongo ezininzi:
- Inceda ukukhanya kunye nokuphefumla kwesiqu sesityalo.
- Ikhuthaza ukukhula kwezityalo.
- Susa amasetyana awonakeleyo, aphukileyo okanye omisiweyo, amagqabi, okanye iintyatyambo, ezinokuthi zibe nezifunxi-gazi.
- Iphucula iintyatyambo.
- Yengeza umbala.
Ngale ndlela, uphuhliso kunye nokubonakala komzekelo kuya kuphuculwa ukuba kuthenwa ngokufanelekileyo. Nje ngeziphumo, iya kwandisa ubukhulu kunye neentyatyambo zesityalo.
Kuthenwa nini amathanga
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuthena amathanga ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba izityalo zihlaziye kwaye umngcipheko weqhwa udlulile. Oku kunciphisa ilahleko yencindi kwaye inxeba liza kuqala ukuphola ngokukhawuleza njengoko inqanaba lophuhliso lisondela. I-autumn pruning ingaba yinto efanelekileyo kwimozulu apho ubusika bungaqini kakhulu.. Ukuthenwa ngamaxesha athile kwenziwa ngonyaka.
Ukucoca amathanga okanye ukuthenwa kwesondlo ngumsebenzi oqhelekileyo esinokuwenza nangaliphi na ixesha lonyaka. Yenziwa xa ama-suckers eqala ukubonakala, loo masetyana ahluma phakathi kwesiqu esingundoqo kunye namasebe. Eyona nto ilungileyo kukuyisusa xa umlinganiselo ungaphantsi kwe-5cm.
Indlela yokuthena amathanga
Ukuthena ithanga kufuneka kuphela ipere yezikere ezihlanjwe ngotywala kunye neeglavu ezithile. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuthena kuxhomekeke kwinto esifuna ukuyiphumeza, makhe sizijonge. Injongo yokucoca ukucoca kukwenza indawo yokukhula kwamahlumela amatsha anempilo kunye nokususa izinto ezingafunekiyo kwisityalo. Oku kuthenwa kuqhutywa kunye neminye imisebenzi yokulungisa unyaka wonke.
Okokuqala, siya kususa iikomityi zokufunxa ngokwenza oku kulandelayo:
- Siza kufumana amahlumela esibini okanye amahlumela avela phakathi kwegqabi lokuqala kunye nesiqu esikhulu.
- Kamva siya kunqumla i-sucker ngononophelo, senze ukusika ngokusondeleyo kunokwenzeka kwisiqu esikhulu ngaphandle kokulimaza. Kungcono ukwenza xa amahlumela engaphantsi kwe-5 cm ubude.
- Sika amasebe ngokwediagonal ukuvumela amanzi ukuba ahambe. Oku kuya kuthintela amanzi ukuba angahlali enxebeni kwaye libangele ukuba lihlume.
Ngoko ke kufuneka sisuse ezi zinto zilandelayo ezimbi:
- Izikhondo ezifileyo, ezomileyo okanye ezigulayo, amagqabi kunye neentyatyambo.
- Isenokuba iphuma kwakuloo ngcambu (zibizwa ngokuba ziinyoka).
- Izityalo ezihluma ezinyaweni zesityalo zibuthathaka okanye azimi kakuhle; kwaye asinamdla kuphuhliso lwayo.
- Amasebe ayawela, alahlekane, okanye adibane ematyholweni.
- Iintyatyambo ezibunayo, nto leyo eyenza izityalo zibe mbi kwaye zitye amandla.
Ukuthena kweentyatyambo
Ukuthenwa kweentyantyambo kwenziwa ngonyaka, ngokuqhelekileyo ekupheleni kwebusika okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kwaye kuhloswe ukunyusa intyatyambo yesityalo. Siza kuqhubeka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Ukuthena ebusika, xa eyona ngqele imbi kakhulu idlulile, malunga phakathi kuFebruwari
- Amathupha adubuleyo awasayi kuphinda adubule, ngoko ke kufuneka asuswe ukuze kukhule amathupha amatsha.
- Ukuthena kweentyatyambo Inokwenziwa ngexesha elifanayo nokucoca.
- Musa ukusika iziqu ezingenantyatyambo, njengoko zinjalo Zezentyatyambo zonyaka ozayo.
Khumbula ukuba ezona meko zilungileyo zezityalo zikhula ziimeko ezifumileyo kunye nokukhanya okuninzi.
isikhumbuzo sokuthena
Xa isityalo singahoywanga ixesha elide okanye sele siqalise ukukhula kancinane, ingalixesha elilungileyo lokwenza uhlaziyo okanye ukuthenwa ngokutsha. Ngayo siya kwenza ukuba isityalo sikhule amahlumela amatsha kwisiseko saso kwaye siphuhlise kwakhona. Oku kukuthena okucokisekileyo okuya kuvuselela ithanga, kodwa kunokwenziwa ngokuthe ngcembe.
- Ukuthena ukuvuselela ngamandla: Kwimeko yokuqala, into esiza kuyenza kukuthena isityalo sonke ukuze sibe kumgangatho ophantsi. Oku kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela ukuba i-specimen inamandla okuthwala kwaye uqiniseke ukuba amanzi kunye nokuchumisa emva koko.
- Ukuthena okuqhubelekayo kokuvuselela: Iqukethe ukuphelisa i-50% yamasebe, ukulungelelanisa kunye namacandelo afakiweyo. Amasebe aseleyo asikwa abe sisiqingatha sobude bawo, okanye nje isinye kwisithathu sencam yezona ziqwenga zibalaseleyo esinokuzifumana.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nendlela yokuthena amathanga.