Xa sinesitiya okanye igadi yasekhaya kwaye sifuna ukuqala ukutyala izityalo, kungcono ukhethe ukuba nezichumisi zendalo ngokupheleleyo. Ngenxa yoku, umgquba wendalo unokwenziwa. Inkunkuma yendalo iyafuneka efunyanwa ngokwenkqubo eyaziwa ngokuba ngumgquba. Esi sichumisi sendalo sinikezelwa ngenxa yesenzo sezinto ezincinci ezijongene nokubola kwezinto eziphilayo. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi abazi indlela yokwenza umgquba ekhaya.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into odinga ukuyazi malunga nendlela yokwenza umgquba ekhaya kunye nendlela yokuwusebenzisa kwizityalo zakho.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Njengokuba besesitshilo ngaphambili, umgquba luhlobo lomhlaba olwenziwe ngenkunkuma yendalo. Ezi nkunkuma zezinto eziphilayo zibola ngenxa yesenzo sezinto ezincinci ezijongene nokubola kwezinto eziphilayo. Nje ukuba yehle, Uhlobo lwesichumiso luveliswa olunceda ekwenzeni igalelo kuphuculo lwendalo kunye nokutyebisa izityalo.
Ayisiyo isichumisi sendalo kuphela, kodwa ikwaphucula iimeko zendalo zomhlaba. Oko kukuthi, umhlaba ochunyiswe ngomgquba wendalo ngokupheleleyo unokufumana isixa esikhulu sezondlo kunye nokuthungwa kwawo ukuxhasa ngcono zonke izityalo. Ukuhla komgangatho wentsholongwane kungalawulwa ukuze izinto ezahlukeneyo zendalo zibekwe ngeendlela ezizezinye kwaye zithotyelwe kwinkqubo yokuxubana yendalo yokubola ewenza ube yiminerali.
Njengoko sisazi, umhlaba kufuneka utyebile kwizimbiwa kunye nezinye izondlo. Kukwanjalo nakwicompost yendalo. Umgquba uveliswa yi ukuthotywa kwe-microbial ngendlela elawulwayo kwisitena esenziwe ekhaya somgquba. Umgqomo womgquba awuyonto ngaphandle kwesikhongozeli apho inkunkuma yezinto eziphilayo inokubekwa kwimaleko apho sivumela iintsholongwane ezinoxanduva lokuthoba izinto eziphilayo ukuze zisebenze.
Uyenza njani umgquba ekhaya
Lo mgquba unokwenziwa ngezinto kunye nenkunkuma efumanekayo ekhayeni lethu. Abantu abaninzi abayazi indlela yokwenza umgquba owenziwe ekhaya kuba bengazi ukuba yeyiphi inkunkuma enokusetyenziswa. Kuyinyani ukuba ii-microorganisms zinokuthotywa isixa esikhulu senkunkuma yendalo, kodwa ayizizo zonke ezisemthethweni. Lumkela inkunkuma efana namathambo, inyama, amanqatha, iimveliso zobisi, amalahle okanye nantoni na ephathwa ngezibulali zinambuzane ezinokonakalisa umxube.
Inokwenziwa ngezixhobo kunye nenkunkuma evela ekhaya, kodwa kuhlala kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe ezo ziluhlaza. Umzekelo, singafunda ukwenza umquba owenzelwa ekhaya ngentsalela enjengeziqhamo, imifuno, iishell zamaqanda kunye neentsalela zekofu. Zonke zinomxholo we-nitrogen ophezulu oza kunceda ukuchumisa umhlaba. Izinto ezimdaka ziingceba zomthi, inkomo okanye ilindle lamahashe, kunye nekhadibhodi okanye iphepha kunye namagqabi afileyo. Ezi zinto zaziwa njengezinto emdaka zinegalelo kwikhabhoni ephezulu kumgquba.
Imfumba yomgquba yindawo apho yenziwa khona imfumba yomgquba. Inokwenziwa ngokuthe ngqo ekhaya okanye ukuyithenga yenziwe. Kukho iikhomputha esele zilungiselelwe ukonyusa isantya sokwenziwa komgquba. Ngaphandle koku, njengoko iyinkqubo yendalo ngokupheleleyo, kufuneka ilungelelaniswe neemeko zokusingqongileyo. Oko kukuthi, kufuneka ubumanzi obufunekayo kunye neemeko zobushushu ukuze ii-microorganisms zikwazi ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo.
Nje ukuba sithathele ingqalelo zonke iingcebiso esinokuthi sifunde ukwenza umgquba ekhaya. Umgqomo womgquba kulapho kwenziwa khona umgquba. Yinto ekufanele ubenayo indawo eyoneleyo ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo onayo ekhaya. Ubungakanani kufuneka buhlengahlengiswe kakuhle ukuze kubekho unyango olwaneleyo kamva. Kuya kufuneka ibe nezilayidi ezivumela ukungena komoya ngokugqibeleleyo kwaye kufuneka kube lula ukuyiphatha kwaye uyivule ngokukhawuleza.
Uyenza njani umgquba ekhaya
Masibone inyathelo nenyathelo ngendlela yokwenza umgquba owenziwe ekhaya:
- Siza kubeka umaleko wengca omalunga neenyawo ukuphakama. Ngaphezulu kwayo siza kubeka inkunkuma yasegadini, ishevings, sawdust, inkunkuma yemifuno kwaye kuya kufuneka siyinyanzise.
- Emva koko sidibanisa umaleko omalunga neesentimitha ezili-15 zokutya okanye izitya ezityaliweyo zegadi kwaye siza kuyibuyisela kufuma.
- Emva koko sidibanisa umaleko omalunga neesentimitha ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-10 zomgquba ogutyuliweyo kwaye siyakunkcenkceshela ngamanzi ngaphezulu.
- Kuya kufuneka sitshintshe ezinye izaleko ezilingana nezangaphambili. Kufuneka uphephe ukomisa umgquba ngalo lonke ixesha ukuze kungangeni iziqhuvane, iimbovane okanye ezinye izilwanyana. Kananjalo akufuneki siyivumele ukuba ifumane ubumanzi obugqithisileyo kuba iyanceda ekwandeni kokungunda kwaye inike ivumba elibi.
- Ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kuya kufuneka ujike wonke umquba rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezili-15 ze emva kweveki. Elonaqondo lobushushu liphezulu kufuneka ligcinwe malunga nama-50 nama-60 degrees. Uyakuqaphela oku xa ufaka isandla sakho kwaye uyabona ukuba kushushu kangakanani. Ukuba ubushushu abuzange bonyuke, kungcono uphinde uphinde uphinde ufake umhlaba, amanzi, umgquba, okanye inkunkuma eluhlaza. Kuya kufuneka ugcine ulungelelwano phakathi kwezinto eziluhlaza nezomileyo kunye nomhlaba owongezelelweyo ukuze ii-microorganisms zikhawulezise inkqubo.
Xa sele silungele umgquba, kufuneka uyigcine ezingxoweni kwaye uyigcine kwindawo eyomileyo de uyisebenzise njengesichumisi segadi yakho okanye iimbiza. Akufanele silibale ukuba kubalulekile ukugcina iimeko ze ukufuma okuphakathi kwesi-60-80% ngawo onke amaxesha ukwenzela ukuba iintsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane zonakalise izinto eziphilayo kakuhle. Kufuneka sikhusele umgqomo wokugcina umgquba kulo naluphi na uhlobo lobunzima bemozulu. Olu hlobo lobunzima lunokuguqula iimeko ezikhoyo ngaphakathi komgqomo womgquba kunye nokuguqula izinga lokuthotywa kwezinto eziphilayo kwezinto eziphilayo.
Okukhona sihoya inkcukacha xa sisenza lo mgquba sinokufunda kakuhle indlela yokwenza umgquba owenzela umgangatho ophucukileyo. Isichumiso asizukuphuma singenamona kwizichumisi zeshishini.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nokwenza umquba owenziwe ekhaya.