Ehlabathini kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zameva ezineempawu ezizodwa. Enye yeentlobo ezithandwa kakhulu yi inkunzane ebomvu. Kolu luhlu sifumana i-organoleptic, isondlo kunye neepropathi zokulima ezibenza bahluke kulo naluphi na olunye uhlobo lwameva. Luhlobo lwemifuno ngokwesiko olugqunywe ngeplastiki okanye ngephepha ukuyikhusela kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi kuba zizityalo ezibuthathaka.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela zonke iimpawu, iipropathi kunye nokulinywa kwemoto ebomvu.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Inkunzane ebomvu kufuneka igutyungelwe ngeephiramidi zomhlaba ezihlala zifikelela kwimitha enesiqingatha ukuphakama ukuze zikwazi ukuyikhusela kwiimeko ezimbi zemo engqongileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha le phiramidi yomhlaba inokufikelela kwiimitha ezimbini ukuphakama. Nangona lo msebenzi ufuna umzamo omkhulu womzimba kwicala lomlimi, yenye yezinto ezingundoqo ukuze ufezekise enye yeempawu ezizodwa zoButhathaka obuBomvu. Kwaye kunjalo Ngexesha leentsuku zokuqala ezingama-60 isityalo semoto ebomvu sikhuselwe ngumhlaba. Ndiyabulela kolu hlobo lokulima, yiyo loo nto ifumana umbala obomvu opinki oyinika igama. Ukongeza, ayisebenzi kuphela ukukhusela esi sityalo ngokuchasene neemeko ezibi zokusingqongileyo, kodwa kunciphisa kakhulu ubukrakra baso.
Luhlobo lwameva olunobunkunkqele obuninzi, kungangulo kuphela ntlobo ityiwayo iluhlaza ngaphandle kokupheka ngaphambili. Izityalo zobomvu ezibomvu zivelela ukuba nezakhamzimba ezidluliselwa kwimveliso evunyiweyo kwaye zenze ityebile ku-vitamin C no-B kunye neeminerali ezifana ne-calcium ne-iron.
Sithetha ngohlobo lwesityalo esingapheliyo esifana neartichoke kwaye iyafana nayo. Inesiqu esime nkqo kwaye ihlala inobude obungaphezulu kwemitha enye. Ke wona amagqabi, icala lalo elingaphantsi limhlophe ngokombala, ngelixa umphezulu uluhlaza. Ine-petiole kunye nethambo eliphambili eliphuhliswe kakuhle kwaye zezona ndawo zisetyenziswayo kwisityalo. Yahluke kakhulu kwi-artichoke kuba isityalo sikhulu kuba sinamanci ambalwa. Ukuphindaphindwa kwembewu kuhlala kusetyenziswa kuba kuyanyangeka kubanda kwaye amagqabi ahlukene.
Izidingo zokulinywa kwameva ebomvu
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, ulungelelwaniso olwahlukeneyo luyafuneka kulimo lwameva obomvu ukuze kusetyenziswe ukhuseleko olwaneleyo. Ingathathelwa ingqalelo njengohlobo lwesityalo esinemozulu ebanzi yokuthandana kuba siyakhula ngexesha lehlobo kwaye sinokumelana nengqele. Ikhetha imihlaba enobumba ubukhulu becala nelitye lekalika nelityebileyo kwizinto eziphilayo. Phakathi kweemeko zokusingqongileyo ezingayithandiyo kuphuhliso lwazo sifumana ukufuma okugqithileyo. Nangona ikwazi ukuziqhelanisa nemihlaba ekhaphukhaphu, ikhetha imihlaba enzulu.
Umdiza obomvu uhlwayelwa ngenyanga kaMatshi ukuya kuJuni. Ubushushu bokudubula kufuneka ubuncinci bube nee-10 degrees, ngelixa ezona zininzi ziidigri ezingama-30. Ukuze ube namaqondo obushushu ophucukileyo, indawo leyo kufuneka ibe kwiidigri ezingama-20. Ukuze ukwazi ukuhlwayela inkunzane ebomvu, umhlaba kufuneka ulungiswe kwaye ufakwe isichumisi ngendlela efanelekileyo ukuze ubonelele ngobuninzi bezinto eziphilayo.
Wakuba umhlaba ulungisiwe, kushiyekile ukuqhubekeka nokuhlwayela. Into efunwayo ngaphambi kokuhlwayela ngokuqinisekileyo kukuba umhlaba une tempera eyaneleyo. Ukwenza oku, kuya kufuneka wenze ipasi lokugqibela lokulima elisebenza ukuba likwazi ukukwenza susa ukhula kwaye ushiye umhlaba phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo ukuze kamva ikhakakhaka livelise kwimeko elungileyo.
Ukuhlwayela inkunzane ebomvu
Ukuhlwayela kwenziwa ngaphandle kwaye kuyasetyenziswa imigca eyahlukeneyo emalunga nemitha nenye imitha phakathi kwemigangatho. Ngale ndlela, izityalo akuyi kufuneka ukuba zikhuphisane zommandla kwaye ziya kuba nakho ukukhula kwimeko ezingcono. Izakhelo zokutyala zisetyenziselwa ezo meko apho kufanelekileyo ukugubungela ngomhlaba. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kusetyenziswa inkqubo efana nephepha elimnyama kakhulu leplastikhi, umgama phakathi kwezityalo ungancitshiswa malunga ne-0.8 yeemitha.
Ukuze ukwazi ukuhlwayela inkunzane ebomvu, isichumisi sezimbiwa siyafuneka esinokudityaniswa ngexesha lesigaba sokulungiselela umhlaba ukunyusa izinto eziphilayo nasemva kokuhlwayela. Zombini ezi ndlela ziyahambelana kuba eyona njongo iphambili kukuba iibhlorho zezityalo maxa onke zinenani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo kunokuba bezinokukhula phantsi kweemeko ezilungileyo. Inokuhlala iminyaka eliqela kwicandelo lesihlalo ekutshintsheni indawo yokulima. Nangona kunjalo, ifuna igalelo elomeleleyo lezichumisi zamaminerali kwinqanaba elimalunga ne-1.200 kilos kwihektare nganye.
Ukuba siyazi ukuba umhlaba ucebile nge-potash, awufuni galelo lale nto, ke sinokusebenzisa olunye uhlobo lwesichumisi sezimbiwa. Umzekelo, kwindawo yethafa elichumileyo laseGuadalquivir uhlobo olupheleleyo lomgquba aluyomfuneko, njengoko lunesixa esikhulu sepotashi.
Phakathi kwemisebenzi yolondolozo esiyifumanayo inkunzane ebomvu sinokusikwa kwemigca ekuhlwayeleni. Kufuneka yenziwe xa inamagqabi ama-4 ukuya kwama-5 kwaye ezona zinamandla ziyakushiyeka ukuze ikhule kakuhle kwaye ingabi ngaphezu kwezityalo ezibini kwinjongo nganye yokutyala. Ngokumalunga nokunkcenkceshela, sisityalo esinyamezelayo amanzi ngokulinganisela kugxilwe kwityuwa. Uninzi lokulima lwenziwa kwimiqolo. Kuba sisityalo esikhula kakuhle ngamagqabi, sinezinga eliphezulu lokubaleka, ke kuyakufuneka ukuba unkcenkceshelwe rhoqo. Abamele babe baninzi kakhulu unkcenkceshelo, Ukuba akunjalo, sigxila ekunikezeleni amanzi ngendlela eya kuthi inike ukufuma okuyimfuneko kwingcambu ngaphandle kokubangela izikhukula.
Ukunkcenkceshela okokuqala kuyacetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe kwangoko emva kokuhlwayela. Emva kokuba isityalo sizelwe, kufuneka sinkcenkceshelwe kwakhona. Ngale ndlela, sifezekisa ukuba umngcipheko umiselwe kwisithuba esimalunga neentsuku eziyi-8-10 phakathi kwabo.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nenkunzane ebomvu kunye nokulinywa kwayo.