Inkunzane, ICynara cardunculus, sisityalo semifuno esosapho I-Asteraceae. Inkunzane kunye ne artichoke zithathwa njengeentlobo ezimbini zokulima zomthi wasendle. Le yinzalelwane yemeditera yaseYurophu nakuMntla Afrika kwaye sesinye sezona zityalo zidala zikhoyo nezasishiyiweyo, kodwa namhlanje zibuya ngamandla amakhulu.
Ukongeza, inkunzane ayilunganga kwaphela kwi-flavour kwaye iphantsi kweekhalori, kodwa ikwanokuhombisa kakhulu.
Izixhobo
Kunyaka wayo wokuqala wobomi esi sityalo sivelisa i-rosette Unamagqabi amakhulu anokufikelela kwimitha ubude ne-0,6 yeemitha ububanzi kwaye ahlulwe ngokunzulu.
Banobunkunkqele, banamaphiko kunye nangaphantsi okumhlophe kunye nokuthambeka kwento ibonakalise ukubamba. Kunyaka wayo wesibini wobomi kwaye ukusuka embindini we-rosette kuveliswa isiqu esine ribbed, ngomlinganiso omalunga neesentimitha eziyi-150 ukuphakama malunga nalapho uphezulu khona amasebe.
Inkulu iintloko zeentyatyambo ezinoxanduva lokuvelisa ii-artichokes kwaye ineentyatyambo ezi-tubular kwaye zibizwa ngokuba zii-florets zombala we-violet entle, enoboya obunentsiba kunye nesessile ezilungiswe ngaphezulu kwesitya, oku kuyinyama kwaye kungqongwe yi-oval kwaye kukhonjwe iibracts. Isiqhamo senkunzane luhlobo a ithoni emnyama emdaka Ngesiba esinobumba obusilika.
Iziqu zameva zinokugqunywa ngameva amaninzi, zincinci kakhulu kangangokuba azibonakali kwaye kunokubangela iintlungu xa zidibana nolusu. Izityalo ezahlukileyo ezingenawo ameva ziye zaphuhliswa ukuze le ngxaki izoyise ngale ndlela.
Ukulinywa kwamakhakakhaka
Ihlala yenziwa ngenyanga ka-Epreli okanye ngoMeyi ngqo ebaleni, kumhlaba ochumileyo, olungiselelwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye uthambile. Kwimihlaba enobumba, kungcono buyisela ubumdaka ngenye ethambe kakhulu ukubeka imbewu ngcono. Kufuneka babekwe malunga nesithathu okanye ezintlanu ngexesha, kuba abanakungcwatywa ngokugqithileyo.
Izityalo ezahlulwe ngokubanzi kwaye zinokukhula kancinci kancinci, zivumela esi sityalo ukuba sigalelwe isipinatshi, iletisi okanye iradish. Kuyimfuneko ukuba uchumise umquza ngendlela efanelekileyo kwaye unikezele ngonkcenkceshelo kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni, ngenjongo yokuba iziqu zibanzi kakhulu kwaye zinamanzi amaninzi.
Kwiindawo ezinemozulu ebandayo, kumaxesha athile kunokuba lula ukulima ingqolowa ezimbizeni ngenyanga kaMeyi nasemva koko. ukufakela emhlabeni ngendlela efanayo nokuhlwayela ngokuthe ngqo.
Sebenzisa
Iziqu kunye nezikhondo zityiwa nge blancing xa zosiwe kwaye zihlala ziphekiwe. Iintloko zentyatyambo zingasetyenziswa kumalungiselelo aquka iartichokes. Ikwanazo neepropathi ezixineneyo zemveliso yeeshizi zeeshizi ezithile zaseIberia. Kwelinye icala, kunokwenzeka ukufumana i-biodiesel ngeoyile ekhutshwe kwimbewu yayo, ngokubhekisele kubume iyafana nembewu kajongilanga.
Ezahlukeneyo
Inkunkuma yobisi
El inkunkuma yobisi o silybum marianum Sisityalo semifuno esisesosapho lwe I-Asteraceae kwaye inemvelaphi yayo kwiMeditera. Amagqabi esi sityalo anomilo ovaliweyo kunye nomlinganiso omalunga neesentimitha ezingama-30; iziseko zayo zihanjiswa ngohlobo lwe-rosette, Imiphetho ine-lobes engaqhelekanga kunye nameva, ombala oluhlaza oqaqambileyo onemithambo-luvo emhlophe kunye nomlinganiselo ophakathi kwe-20 kunye ne-180 yeesentimitha.
Iintyatyambo zinombala opinki kakhulu, nangona zinokuba der bulu-purple esihlala sivela kunyaka wesibini, silinganisa ukuya kwii-intshi ezintathu ububanzi.
Inebracts zangaphandle Zenziwe njenge-spike egobileyo eneentsiba ezingasecaleni. Ezo ziphakathi-zangaphandle zineentsiba ezincinci kufutshane nohlobo lwesincoko esine-spiny. Bafuna umandlalo wokutyala olungiselelwe, ithambile, inqanaba kwaye akukho ukhula, kuba ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintlobo zameva oku kungonakalisa imveliso.
Kuyacetyiswa qhubeka nokuhlwayela kwiinyanga zasekwindla, kwimigca enomgama ophakathi kweesentimitha ezingama-60 ukuya kuma-70. Ubunzulu obufunekayo emhlabeni kufuneka bube bufanayo ukuze izityalo zikwazi ukuvela ngokulinganayo, ke malunga neesentimitha ezimbini zinokwanela. I-Weevils zizinambuzane ezinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu. Ukuzisusa ungazisebenzisa ulawulo olululo lweekhemikhali olubandakanya ukubulala izinambuzane ezithile zenkqubo, njengoko inika iziphumo ezigqwesileyo.
Inkunzane borriquero
El I-Onopordum acanthium okanye kwaziwa ngegama lika Inkunzane ye-borriquero, Njenge-ansarina okanye i-borriquera artichoke, sisityalo esiyinxalenye yosapho I-Asteraceae kwaye wayenethuba lokuziqhelanisa nelizwekazi ngalinye. Ubungakanani bayo obukhulu, amagqabi kunye nesiqu esinoboya obuninzi kunye neenwele ezimhlophe kunye izahluko ezinombala we-magenta, yenza le thistali ibe yenye yezona zibalaseleyo kwaye zintle.
Inokulinganisa phakathi kweesentimitha ezingama-50 ukuya kuma-200. Isiqu sayo sigqunywe ziintsiba ezomeleleyo, ezibanzi zinamaphiko, zirhabaxa kumbala, zinoboya obuninzi kwaye zineenwele ezimhlophe ezisigqumayo.
Iintyatyambo zicwangciswe kwizahluko ezinika umbono wokuba inentyatyambo enye, ngomlinganiso omalunga neesentimitha ezine ukuya kwezisixhenxe ububanzi, ejikelezwe ziibracts. Amagqabi ayo acwangciswe ngokwahlukeneyo kwaye andina petiole kwaye i-blade yayo inemilo embhoxo enamazinyo amakhulu ngokwaneleyo kwaye igqunywe ziintsiba.
Kwezonyango isetyenziswe njengoluhlobo lwe-diuretic, i-emmenagogue, febrifuge, njengento evuselelayo nanjenge-hypotensive Kodwa yayisetyenziswa njengeyeza lokubulala ulusu, kuba ilungile kakhulu kunyango lwesikhumba, ukutsha, i-eczema, izilonda kunye namanxeba. Ekutyeni zihlala zilungiswa njenge-asparagus xa iziqu zazo zithambile. Amagqabi xa sele exotshiwe ingaphekwa njengemifuno, iingcambu zithambile kangangokuba zinokubiliswa ukuze ziphakelwe ibhotolo.