Iipeyasi Zizimbotyi ezikhula kwiindawo ezipholileyo ukusuka ekwindla kuye entwasahlobo. Ziyaziwa kwaye zisetyenziswa kwi-gastronomy kwihlabathi liphela. Igama layo lenzululwazi ngu IPisum sativum. Banyuka kwizityalo ezinamandla okulungisa i-nitrogen emhlabeni. Inezinto ezininzi ezinesondlo kunye eziluncedo zokutya ezityebileyo kwimifuno.
Ukuba ufuna ukufunda indlela yokukhulisa ipea kwaye wazi zonke iimpawu, izitshabalalisi kunye nezifo ezinokuyihlasela, qhubeka ufunda reading
Iimpawu eziphambili
Iipeas zingatyiwa zintsha kwiisaladi, irayisi, isuphu, istiri kunye nefesti. Inomxholo omkhulu kwiprotheni, calcium kunye neevithamini C. Ingakhuliswa ekhaya ngokugqibeleleyo kwi khulisa itafile okanye kwi igadi yasekhaya.
Sisityalo semifuno yonyaka esifikelela kwiimitha ezintathu ukuphakama. Ukuvuna ngokufanelekileyo, akuhlali kuvunyelwe ukuba zikhule ixesha elide. Zimbini iintlobo zee-ertyisi ezikhula rhoqo. Zizo ezikhula kancinane kwaye zisasazeka ngokungathi ngumdiliya. Ingcambu yayo ikhule ngokugqibeleleyo kwaye neziqu zayo zibhityile.Zikhula ngokujikeleza kwaye zinceda izityalo ezingqongileyo ukuba zibambe izakhiwo.
Isiqhamo sawo ngumdiliya we phakathi kwe-3,5 kunye ne-15 cm ubude ilenga ukuya kufikelela kumjikelo we-11, imbewu egudileyo okanye eshwabeneyo. I-ertyisi ingaba luhlaza, tyheli, mdaka, orenji-bomvu, zimnyama, kunye beige.
Ukulima i-ertyisi
Iipeas zifuna imozulu enamaqondo obushushu asezantsi ukuze zikhule. Elona xesha lilungileyo lokuzikhulisa ngasekupheleni kwehlobo nasekwindla kwangoko ukuze zikwazi ukuzivuna kakuhle ebusika. Nangona ikhetha imozulu epholileyo, ayinakumelana nobushushu obugqithisileyo, kungoko kufuneka siyikhusele. Ukuba indawo esiza kulima kuyo ihlala ineqabaka, kungcono ukuyenza inyanga ngaphambi kweqabaka yokugqibela.
Esi sityalo sidinga umhlaba ongahambi kakuhle, onomsele olungileyo kunye nesichumiso esemgangathweni. Umgquba ungasetyenziselwa ukuwondla ngokufanelekileyo. Inokuhlwayelwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kodwa kufuneka irukusasaza ubuncinci ubuncinci be-30 cm. Iibhedi zokulima kunye nezikhongozeli zilungele ukukhula kwee-ertyisi.
Imbewu ye-ertyisi imalunga nesiqingatha sesentimitha ngobukhulu kwaye umbala wayo uhlala ukhanyayo okanye umnyama mnyama. Ikhuliswa kusetyenziswa ubuchule bokuhlwayela ngqo, nangona ikwavumelekile ukuhlwayela kwiishedi. Ukuqhuba ukuhlwayela, imisele emibini esembindini iphawulwe ngokwahlula malunga neesentimitha ezili-15 kunye nobunzulu be-2-3 cm. Emva koko, imbewu ibekwa malunga nomgama omalunga ne-10 cm phakathi kwenye nganye. Nje ukuba isendaweni, imisele iyagutyungelwa ize inkcenkceshelwe.
Ukuba siyayenza kwi-nursery, kubalulekile ukuba i-substrate ibe nesichumiso esilungileyo kunye nomsele wokuthintela ukukhukhula okanye ukunqongophala kwezondlo. Sifaka imbewu inzulu ngeesentimitha ezimbini ukugcina indawo ifumile. Isithombo kufuneka sitshalwe kwakhona xa sifika ukuphakama malunga neesentimitha ezisibhozo. Ukuba iingcambu ziboshwe kakhulu, singazisika kwaye sizibeke kwi-zigzag.
Izityalo zepea zinobuzaza kakhulu. Ke ngoko, ukuqokelelwa kwayo kwenziwa ngezandla ukuze kungonakalisi ulwakhiwo. Isivuno siya kumiswa, ngenxa yoko siya kuba neeveki ezininzi zemveliso.
Unonophelo oluyimfuneko
Iipeas zifuna ukhathalelo oluthile ukugcina zonke iimeko zazo ezifanelekileyo. Ukuba sifuna ukuba neziphumo ezilungileyo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba simbeze imbewu kubusuku bunye ngaphambi kokuyihlwayela. Ngale ndlela baya kuba nokuhluma okuhle.
Ezi ngcebiso ziya kukunceda ugcine ipea yakho isempilweni kwaye ikhula kakuhle:
- Xa isityalo sikhula ngaphezulu kwe-15 cm, sinako qhina amasebe kwi-meshes ukuze iziqu zingahlali zikhululekile.
- Singathatha ezinye izityalo zasematyholweni ukuzihlanganisa kunye nee-ertyisi kwaye sisebenzise ithuba.
- Ukuba umhlaba siwugcina ucocekile ngaphandle kokhula, siza kuziphepha izinambuzane okanye izifo.
- Ukugcina umhlaba ufumile xa isityalo sikhula malunga ne-30 cm ubude, Singasebenzisa i-mulch okanye i-padding.
- Ukujonga kakuhle sesona sixhobo silungileyo sokulwa nezinambuzane nezifo. Kungcono utyale imali kuthintelo kunokuba ufezekise into engenakuphikiswa.
- Xa kunetha ngamandla okanye isichotho, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubakhusele. Kufuneka zibekwe kwimingxunya okanye eludongeni. Kuyafana xa amaqondo obushushu esihla.
- Singazidibanisa nezinye izityalo ezifana neeradishes, itheniphu, ikhukhamba, umbona kunye neminqathe. Nangona kunjalo, ayilunganga ukuyibeka ecaleni kwetswele, iskali kunye negalikhi.
Umnqweno kukuba iintyatyambo zepea zithanda ukutsala izinambuzane eziluncedo egadini.
Iindyikitya zokufa nezifo
Ukuba ayibekwanga esweni kwaye igcinwe kakuhle, ipea inokuba nesifo kunye nezinambuzane. Phakathi kwezi sifumana:
Umhlophe omhlophe kunye nothuthu
Ezi zifo zimbini ezibonakala ngokulula. Ziyakha amanye amabala amhlophe angumgubo kumagqabi kunye nemidumba. Idla ngokwenzeka xa amaqondo obushushu ephezulu kakhulu, kuba ikhetha imozulu epholileyo.
Ukuthintela esi sifo, kuya kufuneka ukhathalele amanzi kwaye unqande amagqabi angabi manzi. Ukuba amagqabi afume ngokugqithileyo, ahlala ethambekele kubumhlophe. Ukulawula esi sifo, amagqabi achaphazelekayo kufuneka asuswe njengoko esasazeka lula emoyeni kwaye angangcolisa nezinye izityalo.
Zintwala
Esi sinambuzane sitya incindi yesityalo kwaye sibangele izifo. Ukuba ayikhuselwanga okanye ayikhathalelwanga kwangexesha, singaphulukana nesityalo. Singa Hlamba amagqabi ngesepha enokuboliswa ziintsholongwane kunye namanzi ukuphelisa ezi zinambuzane. Esinye isisombululo kukusebenzisa amarhamncwa endalo afana nooqongqothwane abatsala umdla kwiintyatyambo zegadi yethu.
Abavukuzi beLeaf
Le nambuzane yenza iifriji kwiqabunga lezityalo. Zibungu asusa indawo kwisityalo ukuze enze ifotosinthesisi. Ukuba sifuna ukusiphelisa isilwanyana esitshabalalisayo, kufuneka siyibhuqe imibungu esegqabini ukuze ingaqhubekeki. Kwimeko apho bosuleleka khona, unokusebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lokubulala izitshabalalisi.
Ngala macebiso unokuba nee-ertyisi zakho zisempilweni kwaye uzithintele ekuchaphazelweni zizinambuzane nezifo ezinokwenzeka