El IPyrus cordata okanye i-Atlantic pear yasendle Bayinxalenye yosapho lwe rose (iRosaceae), usapho olunama-amygdaloid, njengeapile kunye nequince.
Uhlobo lwePyrus lwenziwe malunga neentlobo ezingama-22 ezifumaneka eAsia, eYurophu nakuMntla Afrika, enye yazo yiPyrus cordata, a umthi omncinci ohlala uluhlaza, ikwabizwa ngokuba lipere lasendle, kuba oku kuhlala rhoqo kwiindawo ezinamatyholo.
Iimpawu zePyrus cordata
El IPyrus cordata Ngumthi omncinci one iimpawu ezifanayo ne IPyrus bourgaeana que inokufikelela kwiimitha ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuphakama, nangona kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo inokukhula ibe nkulu kakhulu. Inomboko omelele kwaye ubhetyebhetye, onamaxolo angwevu-mdaka ngenkangeleko eqhekekileyo.
Ngamagatsha anameva kunye namagqabi amile okwimo yentliziyo emazantsi ayo yi-2,5 ukuya kwi-3,5 cm kulwandiso lwawo, okweqanda, yalatha yaza yahlelwa ngendlela engafaniyo. Amagqabi aneenwele xa ehluma, kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe aphulukana nazo kwaye xa zikhula azibonisi zinwele. Iindidi ziyi-hermaphroditic, kuba inamalungu abesilisa nabasetyhini, ipollination iyenzeka ngenxa yongenelelo lwezinambuzane.
Ukudubula
Ukudubula kwawo kwenzeka phakathi kwenyanga ka-Epreli noMeyiIintyatyambo zayo ezinamagqabi amancinci zimhlophe kwaye zilungiswe phantse ngobude obufanayo. Iziqhamo zalesi sityalo zincinci ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kwi-1,5 cm kwaye zibomvu ngombala.
Ipere yaseAtlantic yasendle ikhula kumhlaba onzima wodongwe, ngaphakathi iindawo ezinelanga emaphethelweni amahlathi okanye kwiithango. Amandla ayo ayenza inyamezele ukungcoliseka komoya; ukufuma okugqithileyo kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba, okoko zivelisa ngobulumko; iindawo ezinomthunzi okhanyayo nembalela. Ihlala kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwinqanaba lolwandle ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1500 yeemitha zokuphakama.
Umvelaphi
Esi sityalo sizalelwa kumbindi nasempuma yeYurophu, nangona sikwenzeka nakumazantsi mpuma eAsia. Ukuba ngu- womelele, umthi oneengcambu ezininzi, ifumaneka kuyo yonke iMpuma, embindini nasentshona Yurophu, ngakumbi kwiAtlantic nakwindawo engaphantsi kolwandle phakathi kweBasque Country kunye neBrittany.
Ukulima nokunyamekela
Ukuhlwayelwa kweeperile zasendle kuyacetyiswa xa imbewu ivuthiwe ngexesha lokuwa; ukudubula kwawo kwenzeka ngexesha lasebusika. Ukutyala kwabo kakuhle, izithole kufuneka zisikwe kwaye bazihlwayele kwizikhongozeli ezizodwa, nje ukuba bafikelele kubungakanani obufanelekileyo bokuphathwa, bayaqhubeka nokuhlwayela ngokukhethekileyo kwindawo ebandayo enomthunzi okhanyayo apho baya kuhlala khona unyaka.
Ukutyala kwayo kokugqibela kuya kwenzeka entwasahlobo okanye ekuqaleni kwehlobo lonyaka olandelayo. Imbewu ye IPyrus cordata abahlali rhoqo, yiyo loo nto zinqabile, nto leyo ekhokelele kwimfuno yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kunye nokulondolozwa kwezityalo.
Sebenzisa
Olu hlobo alunasicelo sikhulu. Nangona kunjalo, isetyenziswa njenge ukumilisela ezinye iintlobo zemithi yamapere (ukuba Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba uza kulwenza nini ufom), zombini ezaseYurophu nezaseAsia, ukufumana ii-hybrids ezinemveliso ngakumbi ezingcambu zazo zinokufunxa okukhulu.
Iinkqubo
Olu luhlobo oluye lwanyamezela utshintsho olunzulu lwemozulu kunye noxinzelelo lweehedges, ngokungathandabuzekiyo oluchanaba kwizifo ezinokuthi zibeke emngciphekweni wokuphila kwesi sityalo. Ke ngoko, kuye kwaba yinto yomsebenzi kunye nomzamo ngenxa yayo ulondolozo kunye nokusasaza kuba imele ubutyebi obukhethekileyo obunqabileyo. Esi sityalo sinika ukulungiswa kakuhle kunye nezinye iintlobo zamapere apho kulindeleke ukuba kubekho umphumo omuhle.
Lo mthi uyinxalenye yosapho olunabileyo iRosaceae, eneentlobo ezingaphezu kwama-2.500 90 kunye nangaphezulu kwama-XNUMX okuzalwa, ukumelwa kweerosaceae yenye yeentsapho ezibaluleke kakhulu kwii-angiosperms. Ewe kulungile ulwahlulo lwayo luyaqhubeka ukuba ngumxholo wengxoxo, i-taxonomy ihlala ihambelana ne-subfamilies ezine ezijolise ikakhulu kuhlobo lweziqhamo ekuthethwa ngazo, nokuba kungama-drupes (iziqhamo ezinamatye), kunye neziqhamo apho i-hypanthium yeentyatyambo iba yinyama) okanye iifollic (iziqhamo ezomileyo abazivulayo kwicala elinye.