Ehlabathini lonke, ipepile ithathwa njengendlovukazi yeziqholo. Zininzi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zepepile kuxhomekeke kwimvelaphi yayo kunye nohlobo lwayo lokulima. Namhlanje siza kuthetha IPiper nigrum. Esi sityalo sesosapho lwePiperaceae kwaye siyalinywa ngenxa yeziqhamo zayo ezinika isinongo esithile esaziwa kwihlabathi liphela njengepepile. Olu didi luneentlobo ezingama-700, nangona zisetyenziswa kuphela ukufumana ipepile. Sisityalo esizalelwa kumazantsi-ntshona eIndiya kwaye sifumaneka kwiindawo ezinemozulu yetropiki kwaye zenzekile eTshayina.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela zonke iimpawu, iipropathi kunye nokulima IPiper nigrum.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Luhlobo lwesityalo esingagqithisi kangangexesha elide esinokukuxhaphaza. Ngokuqhelekileyo sisityalo esilinganisela malunga malunga no-4-5 ubude kunye namasebe ajikeleziweyo. Eyona nto ibalaseleyo ngamasebe kukuba akrelekrele kwaye anamaqhina abanzi. Amagqabi ayo amile okweqanda kunye ne-lanceolate. Umbala uluhlaza ocacileyo kwaye awabanzi kakhulu. La magqabi abukhali kakhulu anomaleko eshinyeneyo yangaphantsi. Amagqabi, nangona ebukhali, anomilo omde. Ubungakanani obuphakathi kwamagqabi buphakathi kweesentimitha ezi-5-18 ubude ne-2-12 yeesentimitha ububanzi. I-petiole yayo ziisentimitha ezi-1-4 ubude.
Ngokubhekisele kwiintyatyambo zayo, zikuluhlobo lwe-hermaphrodite. Banama-stamens amabini kunye ne-ovary ovary. Olu hlobo lwama-ovari lunophawu oluphambili lokukwazi ukuvelisa iqanda elinye. Oku kuthetha ukuba iintyatyambo zinokukhulisa imbewu enye kuphela. Iintyatyambo ziyabonakala ukuba zincinci, nangona zinombala omhle kakhulu omhlophe kwaye zinamakha. Abana petiole kodwa bayaqokelelwa kwii-inflorescence ze-spikes 5 ukuya kwi-20 iisentimitha ubude.
Iziqhamo zesi sityalo ziijikijolo ezincinci ezinobungakanani obuncinci kwaye azinayo i-petiole. Ziqulathe kuphela imbewu eqala ngombala oluhlaza ngombala, nangona ijika ibe tyheli kwaye ibomvu ngexesha lokuvuthwa. Nje ukuba bafikelele ekuvuthweni kwaye bomile, banemilinganiselo eyahlukileyo ukusuka kwiisentimitha ezi-0.3-0.6 ububanzi. Kuxhomekeka kwimeko yokuvuthwa kweziqhamo xa zivunwa kunye nohlobo lokulungiselela, sinokuba neentlobo ezininzi zepepile.
Iindidi ze IPiper nigrum
Siza kwenza uphononongo lweentlobo eziphambili zepelepele ezikhoyo.
Ipelepele emnyama
Iyokuqala ipelepele emnyama. I-classic kwaye ibangelwa yinto yokuba iziqhamo ziqokelelwa xa ziluhlaza. Xa ezi ziqhamo ziluhlaza okanye tyheli ziyekwe zome elangeni, kudlula malunga neentsuku ezisixhenxe kwaye bafumana umbala omnyama kunye nokubonakala okushwabeneyo. Imalunga neendidi ezahlukeneyo ze IPiper nigrum ukurhawuzelela okungakumbi. Ukongeza, ukomisa ngokufanelekileyo kufuneka ubeke iziqhamo kwindawo ezomileyo ezifanelekileyo ixesha elaneleyo. Ukuba uyifaka kubavuni, kuthatha kuphela iiyure ezimbalwa kwesi siqhamo ukufumana umbala waso omnyama kunye neepropathi eziqholiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ziyekwe zome elangeni ngokwendalo, ziya kuthatha umndilili weveki ukufezekisa oku kujongeka.
Ipepile emhlophe
Uhlobo lwesibini oludumileyo lwe IPiper nigrum yipepile emhlophe. Ukufumana olu hlobo lwepepile kuya kufuneka ukhethe amajikijolo xa sele evuthiwe. Kuya kufuneka zifakwe emanzini ubuncinci iveki. Emva kweli xesha lexesha amalungu angaphandle epericarp yesiqhamo anokumiswa kwaye akhuhle ngokulula. Eminye ishiywe ukuba yome elangeni kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa kwaye iya kuba yingqolowa emhlophe emhlophe esiyaziyo.
Umahluko onawo kumnyama omnyama kukuba ipeel ithengiswa njenge peel kwifom yomgubo kwaye Unombala omdaka mnyama ngevumba elirhabaxa kakhulu kunye nencasa. Ikwahluka kuba inevumba elikhulu kunelepelepele emnyama enencasa ebabayo. Ihlala ithengiswa ngegama lepepile emhlophe okanye ipepile eyaphukileyo.
Ipepile eluhlaza nebomvu
Olu hlobo lwe IPiper nigrum ifunyanwa ngokuzikhupha kwiziqhamo eziluhlaza. Kuvunyelwe ukuba yome ngokukhawuleza ukuze igcinwe kwi-brine okanye iviniga. Kuya kufuneka ukuba icolwe kakuhle. Iimpawu ezintle iziqholo ezingaphantsi kunepepile emnyama kodwa zinuka kamnandi ngakumbi.
Ipelepele ebomvu iyaqokelelwa xa iziqhamo zivuthwe kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, olu hlobo lwepepile luxhaphake kakhulu.
Ukulima kwe IPiper nigrum
Kuba sisityalo se-rustic, ayifuni nkathalo enkulu ukuze ikwazi ukukhula kwaye ivelise iziqhamo ngokuchanekileyo. Ukuthatha kuphela imiba ethile kwiakhawunti. Okokuqala yimozulu kunye nendawo. Sisityalo esisebenza kakuhle kwimozulu yetropiki. Zihlala zifumaneka kumphakamo ongaphantsi kweemitha ezili-1000 ngaphezulu komphakamo wolwandle. Uninzi lweentlobo zifuna ubushushu obuninzi. Ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ziyaqondakala kumaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwama-25 ukuya kuma-30 degrees. Bafuna ukukhanya okuninzi kunye nokufuma okuphezulu ngokungenisa umoya kakuhle. Ke, Kuyathakazelisa ukuqinisekisa ukufuma okuphakathi kwe-60-90%. Ukuze imvula yonyaka esihlala kuyo ikwazi ukukhula ngokuchanekileyo, kufuneka ibe malunga ne-1500-2500mm.
Enye yezinto ezingalunganga kwesi sityalo kukuba ayinyamezeli ixesha elide lembalela. Zingakhula kakuhle kwimihlaba yonke etyebileyo, echumileyo kwaye etyebile ngezinto eziphilayo. Uphawu ekufuneka umhlaba ubenalo kukuba benomjelo olungileyo. Kungenxa yokuba isityalo asiyinyamezeli imilambo kuba ingunobangela wokubola kweengcambu. Kulumkele nomhlaba onzima wodongwe. I-pH yomhlaba kufuneka ijikeleze amaxabiso ama-5.5-6.5 ukuze abe ne-asidi kancinci.
Ukuze wandise IPiper nigrum, elona cebo lisetyenzisiweyo kukusika. Ingasasazwa ngembewu, kodwa ayisetyenziselwa iinjongo zorhwebo ngenxa yokukhula kwayo kancinci. Ihlala ihlala phakathi kweminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwengama-20 inika isivuno sonyaka. Kunyaka ngamnye inokunika isivuno esiphakathi kwesi-6 nesi-8.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga IPiper nigrum.