Intyatyambo ye-Iris ivela kusapho lwe-iridaceae, igama layo lezenzululwazi linjalo Iris yaseJamani, igama eliwonga "umnyama" okoko isityalo sivelisa iintyatyambo zemibala eyahlukeneyo (mfusa, tyheli, bomvu, mhlophe, namachokoza).
Kule ntyatyambo i-Iris, yemveli kwilizwekazi laseYurophu, yaziwa kakhulu ngegama likaLirio kunye nephunga elimnandi eliphuma kulo. Isityalo sisetyenziswa ikakhulu njengomhombiso, nangona kunjalo, kuyaziwa ukuba ulwelo lunokukhutshwa kwiingcambu ezisebenza njenge purgative, ebisetyenziselwa izizukulwana zabantu.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Ezi zityalo zihlala zididekile nee-orchidsNangona kunjalo, xa sizichaza, siya kuqaphela umahluko omncinci phakathi kwezi zimbini.
Ziintyatyambo ezinkulu Kuqhelekile ukuzibona ziqhakaza kwisiphelo esingasentla seziqu ezide nezimileyo kumaqela afikelela kwisithandathu, imibala ixhomekeke kuhlobo lwayo. Iziqu zinokuba lula, zibe namasebe, zibe nomngxunya okanye ziqine.
Amagqabi ziluhlaza ngokukhanyayo ngombala, zikhula zimile kwaye zifana neeribhoniBanokulinganisa ukuya kuma-40 cm kwaye benze ubunzima obuninzi emazantsi ayo.
Ungayikhulisa njani
Iindidi zeentlobo, ezingaphezu kwama-200, esinokuzifumana ifuna ukhathalelo oluthile Ngenxa yeenkcukacha ezizodwa kuzo nganye yazo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufumanise ukuba ngaba uhlobo ofuna ukulilima lulo luboniswe kwingingqi yakho; Nangona kunjalo, apha sibonisa ezinye iinkxalabo eziqhelekileyo kubo bonke.
Imozulu yinto ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqwalasele okoko Intyatyambo yeIris idla ngokutyalwa ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, xa iqondo lobushushu lishushu ngokwaneleyo ukuba likhule ngamandla kwaye lisempilweni ngaphambi kokuba amaqondo obushushu asezantsi asebusika angene; Nangona kunjalo, xa indawo yokutyala iphawuleka ngehlobo elide kunye nobusika obuthambileyo, inyanga ebonisiweyo iya kuba ngu-Epreli.
Xa uyityala, Inxalenye yebhalbhu kufuneka ibe phantsi komhlaba kwaye enye iveziwe, isizathu sokwenza oko, kukuba ibhalbhu engcwatyelwe ngokupheleleyo ithintela ukukhula kwentyatyambo ngenxa yokunqongophala kwelanga. Sincoma ukuyenza malunga neesentimitha ezintandathu. Yomphezulu. Xa utyala intyatyambo ye-Iris kwizitiya, khumbula ukugcina umgama ongama-30 cm ubuncinci., Ukuze iingcambu zibenendawo eyaneleyo yokwanda zingakhubeki kwezinye izityalo kwaye zikhuthaze ukukhula kwentyatyambo esempilweni kwaye ukuba uya kuyikhulisa imbiza, ke ubeka isityalo esinye ngembiza nganye.
Ufuna ifayile ye- umhlaba owomileyoOku kufuneka kugcinwe kufumile kodwa kungabikho kugqithisileyo ukuze isityalo singonakaliseki, kwimeko yeembiza sicebisa ukuba ubeke ipleyiti yesiramikhi kwisiseko ukugcina ukufuma.
Ukukhula kakuhle, Ukunkcenkceshela isityalo kufuneka kube rhoqo ngaphandle kokugqithaNika ingqalelo ukufuma komhlaba ojikeleze isityalo kwaye unkcenkceshele rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezi-5 okanye ezisi-7 kuxhomekeke ekubeni womile kangakanani xa intyatyambo ikhule ngokupheleleyo, kokukhona isityalo sikhula, kokukhona kunqongophala ukunkcenkceshela, ngakumbi kumaxesha onyaka. kobusika obumanzi kakhulu apho kungafunekiyo ukwenza njalo.
Ezi zityalo babe nexesha eliphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 ukuya kwengama-20Ngokusengqiqweni, ixesha liya kuxhomekeka kukhathalelo olunika intyatyambo ye-iris, sicebisa ukufaka isichumiso esikhethekileyo sezityalo kwizityalo ezinobumba emva kokudubula.
Unonophelo
Ukugcina impilo yakhe, le ifuna ukhathalelo oluncinci kwaye zilula kakhulu:
- Susa iintyatyambo esele zibunile kwangoko, kuphela intyatyambo, amagqabi ashiyekileyo kwisityalo ade afumane umbala omthubi njengoko oku kuthanda intyatyambo elandelayo.
- Gcina ifayile ye- Ii-rhizomes ezingenakhula, jonga kwaye ugcine isityalo sicocekile.
- Musa ukugqitha emanzini, isityalo sifuna amanzi amancinci
- Izifo ezixhaphakileyo kwesi sityalo kunye septoria, umhlwa kunye neheterosporiosis.
- Gcina ukhumbula ukuba oku kuyachasana kakhulu, iyabunyamezela ubusika kakuhle kwaye isebenza kakuhle kumaqondo obushushu abandayo kwaye ikwaqhelana kakuhle kakhulu nemozulu eshushu.
- Yintyatyambo exhaphake kwizitiya, ikwaxabiseke kakhulu ngenxa yemibala eyahlukeneyo kunye nevumba elivelayo, zihlala zisetyenziswa kumalungiselelo eentyatyambo ahlukeneyo.
- La Uluhlu lweentyatyambo, iyantlukwano yemibala kunye nokuhomba kwevelvet okanye i-satin ibanzi kakhulu kolu hlobo kwaye inika ubomi kunye nombala kwiigadi, iimbiza kunye namalungiselelo xa zilungiswa ngokwamaqela.
- Ezi ntlobo zenzeka rhoqo kuMantla weIkhweyitha, eYurophu, eMntla Afrika, kuMbindi Mpuma nakuMntla Melika.
- Kwintyatyambo yeIris babonisa ezinye iintsingiselo ngokuxhomekeke kumbalaUmzekelo, intyatyambo emhlophe luphawu lwethemba, ukuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka oko kuthetha ukuba kukho iindaba ezimnandi kwaye ukuba yimbali eqhelekileyo yeIris inxulumene nezinto eziphakamisa umoya.
Iindidi eziqhelekileyo
Iris eJamani
Olu hlobo luchasene kakhulu, ilungelelanisa kakuhle kuzo zonke iintlobo zomhlaba kwaye isasazeka ngokulula. Yahluke kakhulu ukuze sikwazi ukufumana iintyatyambo ezinemibala eyahlukeneyo enjengombala omthubi, obomvu, omhlophe, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye omfusa.
Kukhethwa ukuba ikhuliswe kwimihlaba enesanti, kunye nomsele olungileyo ukunqanda ukuntywila kwamanzi, tyale kwilanga elipheleleyo ukuya kumthunzi omncinci. Ifikelela kwiimitha eziphakamileyo, amagqabi amile okwe-saber, avela phakathi kwe-3 kunye ne-10 kwisityalo ngasinye kwaye akhule aye kwi-40 cm.
Iintyatyambo zinevumba elimnandi, Ukulungele ukugcina ezimbizeni okanye egadini.
U-Iris ulungile
Eyaziwa nangokuthi inyibiba yaseFlorence, yintyatyambo entle ethumela isiqholo esityebileyo, enemibala e-violet nomhlophe, njengoko iintlobo zangaphambili zifuna ukukhanya kwelanga ngokuthe ngqo, nangona inokukhula kakuhle ngokukhanya okungangqalanga kwaye inyamezele imozulu ebanda kakhulu.
Ifuna ii-substrates ezixutywe kakuhle, ezigcina ukufuma okuyimfuneko ekukhuleni kwayo ngaphandle kwamanzi agqithisileyo, ivelisa ngokuvelisa imbewu kuba i-hermaphrodite.
Ifikelela ngaphezulu kwemitha ukuphakama kwaye ububanzi bufikelela kwiimitha eziyi-1,5. Amayeza ayanyanzelwa ukuba anyange iimeko zesisu njengokugabha, isifo sephepha okanye iimeko zokuphefumla ezifana nesifuba kunye ne-bronchitis.
Iris yaseSiberia
Imvelaphi yaseSiberia, Ikwabizwa ngokuba yinyibiba yaseSiberia. Esi sityalo sincinci kunezinye iintlobo kuba ukuphakama okuphezulu kufikelela kuma-60 cm., Iithoni zeentyatyambo ziqala ukusuka kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuya kumbala otyheli, isityalo ngasinye sivelisa iintyatyambo ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 kwaye sifuna ukulinywa kumhlaba oyisanti, unkcenkceshelo oluncinci kunye ukukhanya kwelanga okuninzi.
Iris yaseJapan
Sisityalo esikhula sasendle eJapan nakweminye imihlaba yaseAsia, umbala waso omso-luhlaza okomsobo uyenza ibonakale inomtsalane kakhulu yiyo loo nto imfuno enkulu yezitiya zasekhaya kunye neegadi.