Namhlanje siza kuthetha malunga nohlobo lwezityalo ezineentlobo kunye nenani elikhulu le-infraspecific variants. Uninzi lwezi zityalo ziqhelekileyo ngenxa yohlobo lwazo lwe-nitrophilic. Imalunga nohlobo olo Isodium. Luhlobo losapho lakwaGeraniaceae kwaye luquka iintlobo ezingama-359 ezichaziweyo, nangona zingu-128 kuphela ezamkelweyo.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela zonke iimpawu kunye nezinye iinkcukacha zeentlobo eziphambili ze-genodium ye-Erodium.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Uhlobo lwe-Erodium luqulathe i-herbaceous, engapheliyo kunye nezityalo zonyaka ezineempawu ezahlukeneyo. Olunye lweempawu ezihlala zifana nezinye izityalo kukuba zinamagqabi esundu kwaye zihlala zinikwa imigqaliselo. Bahlala benentyatyambo eyedwa yohlobo lwe-heteroclamide eneziqwenga ezi-5 ezikhululekileyo kwinto nganye. Zizityalo ezikhula ngokulula kwaye azidingi kukhathalelwa.
Iintyatyambo zezityalo zinama-stamens ayi-10 apho isiqingatha sawo asiyinyumba. Ngombulelo kwisitayile sayo esihle sokudibanisa i-gynoecium edityaniswe nee-carpels ezi-5, inokuphakama okungapheliyo kwiziqhamo. Oku kubangela ukuba kunamagama esiqhelo esikhonkwane, izikhonkwane, okanye amanye amagama afanayo.
Iintlobo eziphambili
I-Erodium malacoides
Siza kuvavanya ezona mpawu ziphambili zezinye zezona ntlobo zaziwayo ngaphakathi kuhlobo lwe-Erodium. Eyokuqala yile I-Erodium malacoides. Sisityalo sonyaka, esingafane sibekho kabini kwaye idla ngokuba ziisentimitha ezingama-70 ubude. Iziqu zayo ziyahluka ukusuka ekuguqulweni ukuya ngqo kwaye zihlala zigutyungelwe ziinwele ezimfutshane kunye namadlala. Zizityalo ezinamagqabi ane-ovate kwaye ngamanye amaxesha anokufunyanwa enekona, crenate okanye izinyo. Banemigqaliselo engunxantathu eyimbumba.
Ngokubhekisele kwiintyatyambo zayo, zisebenza njenge-actinomorphic kwaye uninzi lwazo zinolungelelwaniso lweeradial. Zineziqwenga ezintlanu ezenziwe ziipalali zombala o-pink o-purplish kunye nee-anthers ezimfusa. Isiqhamo sawo yi-schizocarp evula iziqwenga ezintlanu ezinemiphetho.
Zizityalo kulula ukuyinyamekela kwaye ifumaneke kwiMeditera. Bahlala bekhula kwimimandla enengca ye-nitrophilic apho kukho izitiya ezikufuphi. Ikwenzeka nakwimeko yesiqhelo yasekhaya kunye negadi. Enye yeendawo zaseSpain apho sinokufumana khona ezi zityalo kakhulu eMurcia. Ifuna isixa esikhulu senitrogen emhlabeni ukuze iphile. Oku kuthetha ukuba ifunyanwa kwiindawo apho umhlaba uchunyiswe ngezichumiso ze nitrogen.
Yenye yezona mifuno zixhaphakileyo ezinokufunyanwa ngokwendalo kwiigadi ezincinci nakwiindawo ezinengca ezimanzi. Ukudubula kwawo kwenzeka phakathi kusebusika kwaye kuhlala kuhlala kunye nezinye izityalo ezinje IGeranium mole. Iyaziwa ngegama eliqhelekileyo labakhonkco kwaye kukwakho nezinye izityalo zohlobo lwe-Erodium leyo Zibekwe kwingingqi yaseMurcia. Kuya kufuneka uyazi indlela yokwahlulahlulahlula kwezi zityalo ukuze ukhethe kwaye uhlele zona.
Cicutarium yesodium
Luhlobo lwemifuno yonyaka yemveli yemimandla eshushu yaseYurophu. Inokufumaneka lula kumhlaba oyisanti kufutshane nolwandle, kodwa nakwiindawo ezilinywayo nakwabantu abangasebenziyo apho uhlala ufowuna rhoqo. Iyaziwa ngegama elidumileyo leefolokhwe. Ikwaziwa kananjalo ngegama lomlomo wengwamza, iibrads, kunye nebrad eqhelekileyo.
Ingakhula ibe ziimitha ezingama-50-60 ubude kwaye iziqu zigutyungelwe yi-villi emhlophe. Amagqabi awo agqunywe ngamaphetshana apinki kwaye aluhlaza. Iintyatyambo ziqhakaza ukusuka entwasahlobo ukuya ekwindla kwaye zibekwa ngokwamaqela ukuya kuthi ga kwishumi elinambini. Ezi ntyatyambo zihlala zipinki, lilac okanye zimhlophe.
Iyaziwa kakuhle kuba ineempawu zonyango njengonyango lwe-angina, i-alopecia kunye ne-diuretic. Isetyenziselwa ukuhombisa ukuhombisa iigadi kunye neepaki zasezidolophini. Siza kuhlalutya ukuba zeziphi izinto onomdla kuzo:
- Ubicación: Sisityalo ekufuneka sibe ngaphandle kwaye kufuneka siqiniseke ukuba siselangeni ngqo imini yonke.
- Ukutyala: Siza kusebenzisa imbiza apho siza kubeka khona i-substrate yendalo iphela ukuze ibe nomsele olungileyo. Kufuneka ixutywe ne-30% perlite. Ukuba siyibeka egadini ayifuni kwaphela, nangona kufanelekile ukuqinisekisa umjelo olungileyo womhlaba. Kwaye ayikuxhasi ukugcwala kwamanzi.
- Unkcenkceshelo: Imodareyithwe kancinci, nangona ixhomekeke kwiimeko ezikhulayo. Xa imozulu ifudumele kuya kufuneka unkcenkceshele rhoqo. Ukuba indawo esihlala kuyo inemvula eninzi, sinokuyilibala ngokulula.
- Umbhalisi: Kuba zizityalo ze-nitrophilic, zifuna inani elikhulu le-nitrogen. Ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba uhlawule usebenzisa iimveliso zendalo ezinje ngeguano okanye ukuphoswa kweentshulube. Elona xesha licetyiswayo lomgquba lisusela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuye ekwindla.
- Ukuba semngciphekweni: Sisityalo esingavumiyo ukubanda okanye iqabaka, kungoko ke kufuneka ulumke ngamaqondo obushushu asezantsi.
Isodium moschatum
Esi sityalo sizalelwa emazantsi nasentshona Yurophu apho sikhula kumhlaba olinyiweyo nakwiindawo eziyinkqantosi. Inokufumaneka kwimihlaba enesanti kufutshane nolwandle, nangona ikhula ngokulula kwiimbiza nakwizityala. Umjikelo wobomi bayo bonyaka okanye kabini. Zineentyatyambo ezivela entwasahlobo ukuya ehlotyeni kwaye zihlala zikhula ziye kubude beenyawo ezimbini.
Siza kuhlalutya ukuba zeziphi ezona nkathalo ziphambili:
- Indawo: ifuna ukukhanya elangeni imini yonke.
- Umhlaba: ayifuni ngokwasemhlabeni, kodwa kuyacetyiswa ukuba uxube umhlaba ongaphantsi kunye ne-20% ye-perlite.
- Unkcenkceshelo: kufanele kube kukunkcenkceshela ngamanye amaxesha, kuqinisekisa ukuba i-substrate ayomi kwaphela.
- UmbhalisiKuba sisityalo se nitrophilic, izichumisi eziphilayo ezifana neguano okanye i mulch ziyafuneka.
Isodium ciconium
Sisityalo sokugqibela esiza kuhlalutya uhlobo lwe-Erodium. Ihlala inobude obufikelela kuma-50 cm. Amagqabi ayo anencasa kwaye abunxantathu, ngokungafaniyo nezo zangaphambili. Ihlala ivela kwi amasimi, igadi, iindlela, iindawo zokulahla izibuko, iipatio kunye neendawo zokulahla inkunkuma. Ezi ziindawo apho kukho isixa esikhulu senitrogen emhlabeni ngenxa yezinto ezi-organic ezingaphezulu. Ukudubula kwawo kwenzeka phakathi kukaJuni noSeptemba.
Iyaziwa ngegama lenaliti yenalusi kwaye sisityalo sonyaka esineenwele ezithambileyo, ezicwangcisiweyo. Iintyatyambo zayo zichongiwe kwaye zinemichiza engacacanga enemiphetho emifutshane.
Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nezona ntlobo ziphambili zohlobo lwe-Erodium.