Imbewu yile última ukufunyanwa kwendalo (okomzuzwana). Izityalo zokuqala ezavelayo azizivelisanga, kodwa zaphindaphindeka ngenxa yesifo, esasiqhutywa ngumoya. Kodwa malunga nezigidi ezingama-380 ezidlulileyo oku kwaqala ukutshintsha. Izidalwa zemifuno zavela, zibizwa ngokuba zizityalo ze-vascular, ezizivelise ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Ngendlela eya kuthi ekugqibeleni ibe yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yoBukumkani bezityalo. Kodwa, Zithini izibonelelo zezityalo zembewu?
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into ofuna ukuyifumana malunga nezibonelelo zezityalo zembewu kunye nokuthelekisa nezinye iindlela zokuhlwayela.
Yintoni imbewu
Xa sithetha ngoncedo lwezityalo kunye nembewu, kufuneka sibhekise kuzo zombini izibonelelo eziguqukayo kunye nokulula kokutyala izityalo, igadi kunye nezolimo. Okokuqala konke ukubonisa ukuba imbewu yinxalenye esisiseko yesityalo. Inokuba nobukhulu obahlukeneyo, iimilo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, kodwa nokuba injani na imbonakalo yayo kunye nesityalo esivelisileyo, ngaphakathi siyakufumana lonke ulwazi lwemfuza oluyimfuneko ukwenza isampuli entsha, nokuba loo mbewu ayinabunzima obungaphezulu iigram.
Kodwa kwenzeka ntoni xa yahlukana nesityalo esingumama? Ngokwenyani, ayongxaki enkulu kakhulu. Ngokungafani ne-spores, Imbewu yasasazwa ngoncedo lwezilwanyana, nokuba inkulu okanye incinci. Umzekelo, xa izinja zidlula ebaleni yengca zinokuphela zinembewu engaphezu kwenye edityaniswe noboya bazo. Ezi ziyakuphela ziwela endaweni ekude nabazali babo xa uboya bushukuma okanye xa umntu ebathatha. Iimpahla nezihlangu esiziphetheyo zikwasebenza njengesixhobo sokuhambisa imbewu.
Uluhlu lwezityalo kunye nembewu
Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili zezityalo ezineembewu. Ezinye zazo zivelisa imbewu engenanto engagqunywanga okanye ekhule ngaphakathi kweziqhamo. Olu hlobo lwesityalo lwaziwa njenge imithambo. Uhlobo lwesibini lwezityalo zembewu luye lwavela ngakumbi kwaye luyaziwa ngegama le- Iinkqubo. Zizo ezo zinembewu eneentyatyambo kwaye ekugqibeleni zenza iziqhamo eziqukethe imbewu eninzi ngaphakathi.
Phakathi imizekelo yezityalo ezinembewu sinolu luhlu lwezona zaziwayo:
- Umthi weapile
- Umthi wepere
- Umthi welamuni
- Umthi wepesika
- UNaranjo
- Iamangile
- Olivo
- I-aprikothi
- Itumato
- Itsheri
- IHazelnut
- Banana
- iplamu
- Umthi wekhokhonathi
- i-chestnut
- Isityalo seavokhado
- Umthi wemango
- IConifers
- Um-oki
- I-oki yekhokho
Zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kokubini kusetyenziselwa ukuhombisa kwizitiya nakwizityalo zemveliso kunye nentengiso.
Izibonelelo zezityalo zembewu kwindaleko
Kodwa ngaphandle kokuba noncedo-oluhlala lungathandeki-kwizilwanyana, Izityalo zembewu zinokusasazeka ngezinye iindlela: njengamanzi. Umzekelo, umkhweli Ii-gigas ezingenayoIhlala kulamahlathi akweleenjiko akuMzantsi Merika, isebenzisa ulwandle ukwenza amanye amanxweme. Iyenza kakuhle kangangokuba inokude ifikelele naseYurophu, ewe, xa isenzeka ngelishwa ayinakuhluma kuba imozulu yaseYurophu ibanda kunendawo ehlala kuyo.
Nangona kukho into enokubiza ingqalelo yakho ngakumbi, kukusebenza kwembewu, oko kukuthi, ubude bexesha abanokuhlala bephila ngalo. Kuyinyani ukuba kukho iintlobo ezithile ekufuneka zifumane iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokuntshula kwazo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuwa kwisityalo sikanina, kodwa zikhona ezinye ezinokukwenza oko nasemva kweminyaka, njengeMagnolia eyafunyanwa nguSir David Attenborough kwaye ukuba uyabona apha.
Zonke ezi zinto zenza ngokwembono yendaleko iimbewu zinempumelelo enkulu. Kwaye kukuba izibonelelo zezityalo ezinembewu zinokushwankathelwa kula manqaku alandelayo:
- Lula ngokudlala
- Ukuphumelela ngempumelelo kohlobo
- Indawo enkulu yokuhambisa
- Ulondolozo lomzimba olungcono
- Ukusetyenziswa kwendalo kunye nokuphuculwa kwendawo yokuhlala. Ukuba isityalo asikho kwimeko entle kubume bendalo, ngokusasaza imbewu yaso nokuba isebenze emoyeni okanye ngokusebenzisa izilwanyana ukwenza njalo, inokufumana enye indawo yokuhlala ukuze ichume. Ngale ndlela, indawo yokwabiwa kohlobo oluthile inokunyuka kakhulu.
Izinto eziluncedo kwimbewu yezityalo kwizityalo
Ngoku siqhubeka nokuhlalutya ukuba zeziphi izibonelelo zezityalo kunye nembewu ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga izityalo. Oko kukuthi, zeziphi izibonelelo ezinokuthi zityalwe ngembewu okanye ezo, ngokuchaseneyo, zihlwayelwe ngokunqunyulwa. Ukuba uqala ukukhulisa iisampulu ezithile ngembewu kuya kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba kamva Kuya kufuneka uphinde ulungiselele ngaphambi kokuba ukhutshelwe ngaphandle. Ezinye izityalo ezingaphandle ziya ngqo emhlabeni. Siza kuhlalutya ukuba zeziphi izibonelelo zesityalo ngembewu kwizityalo:
- Ngembewu unamathuba amaninzi okukhetha phakathi kweempawu ezithile zohlobo. Phakathi kwezi mpawu sinobungakanani besiqhamo, ukubonakala, ixesha lokudubula kunye nokumelana nezifo.
- Izityalo ezikhula kwimbewu zihlala zomelele kwaye ngokulula zivelisa isivuno esikhulu.
- Iingcambu zawo zibekwe kubunzulu obungcono ke iyakwazi ukubamba ngcono izakha mzimba kwaye ikhule ngakumbi.
Njengokuba ukuhlwayela imbewu kunokubonelela ngezibonelelo ezithile, ikwanazo nezinye izinto ezingalunganga. Oku kulandelayo:
- Ukuba uqala ngembewu kuya kufuneka ugqibezele inkqubo yokuhluma kuqala. Konke oku kwenza iziqhamo zithatha ixesha elide ukufika.
- Izinga lokuhluma kwayo yonke imbewu aliphezulu. Enye imbewu ihlwayelwe engasokuze ihlume.
- Imbewu endala okanye engagcinwanga kakuhle zikhula kancinci kancinci.
Izinto eziluncedo nezingalunganga zokuhlwayela ngokusika
Kumlingane wayo, ukulima igadi kunye nezolimo ukusika kunokuba lula. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi izibonelelo kunye nokungalunganga kokuhlwayela ngokusika:
- Inzuzo: Izicucu zinika isiqalo ngokukhawuleza kwizityalo kuba sele zizityalo ezincinci. Ukuba uthelekisa oku kukhula kunye nophuhliso kunye nembewu, kukhawuleza ngakumbi. Oku kwenza isivuno esikhawulezayo.
- Uqinisekile ngokupheleleyo ngokufumana isityalo sowasetyhini esibalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwesityalo.
- Iingxaki: Ukusikwa kufunyenwe ngendlela entsonkothileyo, ke ukuba awuyazi indlela yokusika kwisityalo esingumama, kunokuba sisilele.
- Kukho iintlobo ezimbalwa zezityalo ezikhoyo zokusika.
- Kukho umngcipheko wokuba ukusika kungadlulisela izifo kunye nezinambuzane.
Njengoko ubona, ukuba sihlalutya kwindawo yokuzivelela kwezinto, imbewu inike izibonelelo ezininzi zempumelelo kunye nolondolozo lwentlobo. Kwelinye icala, ukuba sihlalutya ngokwembono yezityalo, unokurenta ngaphezulu ukusebenzisa ukusikwa. Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nezibonelelo zezityalo zembewu.