Kwiqela lezityalo UNigella Sifumene iintlobo ezimbini ezinomdla kakhulu ezinamayeza kunye neempawu zokuhombisa. Imalunga ne- Nigella sativa kunye UNigella damascena. Ziintlobo ezimbini ezizezosapho lweRanunculaceae kwaye zaziwa ngeempawu zazo ezizodwa.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela zonke iimpawu, ukulima kunye nokhathalelo lwe Nigella sativa kunye UNigella damascena.
Iimpawu zikaNigella sativa
Esi sityalo saziwa ngokubanzi igama ikumin yobuxoki, ukukhanya kwangaphandle, ikumin emnyama, phakathi kwabanye. Eyona nto igqame kakhulu ngesi sityalo sine-herbaceous kukuba imbewu yaso ineempawu zonyango. Iipropathi zale mbewu bezisaziwa ixesha elide kwaye amayeza emveli ebesetyenziswa. Intsapho yeRanunculaceae apho esi sityalo singekho ngaphezulu kwe-2.500 XNUMX yeentlobo.
Sisityalo sonyaka esinokusibona sijikeleza ngokupheleleyo unyaka wonke. Inemvelaphi yayo eAsia, nangona Namhlanje ifunyenwe phantse kuzo zonke iindawo zeMeditera ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Enye yezinto ezibangela umdla kwesi sityalo kukuba ikhupha ivumba lazo elikhumbuza inutmeg. Asinakuyibona eSpain ngaphandle kokuba sinomdla wokuyibona. Nangona kunjalo, kwamanye amazwe aseMpuma ifumaneka ngobuninzi obukhulu.
Ukulima kwe Nigella sativa
Ukulima kwayo akunazimo zikhethekileyo okanye ukugcinwa okuninzi kuba sisityalo se-rustic. Njengesiqhelo, ukhetha umhlaba odibeneyo kunye nesiponji kwaye unobumba okanye isanti. Ngokwesiqhelo kufuna ukufakwa okungaphezulu kwamanzi kunye nesichumisi ngexesha lokudubula kweentyatyambo ukuze zikwazi ukuvelisa ubuninzi beentyatyambo kunye neemeko ezilungileyo. Eli xesha leentyatyambo lenzeka phakathi kwentwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo. Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba umhlaba kufuneka ube ne-pH, nangona ingagqityi kakhulu ukusukela, kuba inqanaba eliphezulu loburharha, bayakwazi ukuphila kwimihlaba yelitye lekalika.
Kuya kufuneka unike inkathalo eqhelekileyo enikwa izityalo ezinevumba elimnandi njengekumin. Singasiphindaphinda esi sityalo ngembewu kwaye sikhuphe zonke iioyile ezifanelekileyo ezigcwele amayeza. Nangona sithathwa njengesityalo esinuka kamnandi, Asinakukujongela phantsi ukuhonjiswa okunokwenzeka kweentyatyambo zakho. Ke ngoko, sisityalo esithathwa ngokuba sinezifundo ezininzi, zokuhombisa kunye nezonyango.
Iintyatyambo zayo zimhlophe kwaye ziyabonisa. Ayinagqabi. Xa isityalo si brashiwe okanye sishukunyiswa, sikhupha ivumba elisikhumbuza nge nutmeg. Imbewu yayo ineempawu ezaziwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Yayisetyenziswa endaweni yepepile, nangona ingenamandla apheleleyo e-capsaicin. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kufuneka kube kumodareyitha kuba kunokuba yityhefu kwiindawo eziphezulu. Olunye lweempawu eziqhelekileyo ezibangela ukusetyenziswa okuphezulu kwale mbewu kukugabha kunye nokugabha. Ukuba isetyenziswe ngokumodareyitha, inokuququzelela ukugaya. Isetyenziselwa ukwenza isonka kunye neentlama eJamani.
Iphakathi kwamayeza ayo esiwafumanayo anti-ukudumba, antioxidant, aphrodisiac, iipropathi elwa, njl. Ikwasetyenziselwa ukulwa nesifo seswekile, icholesterol kunye nokunciphisa iintlungu.
Iimpawu ze UNigella damascena
Esi sityalo sodidi lonyaka kwaye sihlala sikhula kumhlaba olinyiweyo nakwiindawo ezinamadlelo. Ivela kumazantsi eYurophu nakwingingqi yeMeditera. Kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi kuthathwa njengesityalo sokuhombisa. Igama eliqhelekileyo laziwa njenge Izinwele zeVenus, isigcawu sesigcawu, ukukhanya kwegadi, phakathi kwabanye.
Ineentyatyambo ezinomtsalane kakhulu ezihlala ziphuma emasimini, emadlelweni nakwiincam zendlela. Ingakhula ngokulula ngaphandle kokugcinwa kwembewu. Iintyatyambo zinemibala eyahlukeneyo apho sifumana mhlophe, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, pinki, kwaye limfusa okhanyayo. Isityalo sinesiqu esithe nkqo kwaye sihlala sifikelela kubude obuphakathi kwe 60 ne 70 cm.
njenge Nigella sativa Zizityalo ze-rustic ezinokukwazi ukumelana nexesha lembalela ukuba zifuna ukhathalelo oluninzi. Oku kuyenza ibe sisityalo esifanelekileyo segadi yethu. Yayisisityalo esiluncedo kakhulu egadini kuba ihonjiswe ngobuhle beentyatyambo zayo kunye neepilisi zembewu nazo ziyazihombisa emva kokuba zomile.
Ukulima kwe UNigella Damascena
Esi sityalo kulula kakhulu ukusikhulisa kwaye asidingi kukhathalelwa kakhulu. Ikhetha imihlaba yelitye lekalika enemijelo efanelekileyo yokuhambisa amanzi kunye nokubonelela ngezinto eziphilayo. Ngale nto, kunomdla ukuhlawula ngokongeza umgquba ngaphambi kokuhlwayela. Ukunkcenkceshela nokugcina umodareyitha unyaka wonke. Kuba inenkani enkulu kwimbalela, singasebenzisa njengesalathiso sokuba iziqendwana ziyoma ukunkcenkceshela kwakhona.
Inokuphinda iveliswe kwakhona ngembewu entwasahlobo. Ngamanye amaxesha esi sityalo sithambekele kwimbewu yokuzimela, kungoko ke singenako ukujonga kakhulu esi sityalo ukuba sifuna ukusandisa. Xa esi sityalo sikhule ngqo emhlabeni, sineziphumo ezingcono kunalapho sikhuliswa embizeni. Inokuhlengahlengiswa phantse kuzo zonke iintlobo zemozulu. Ufuna nje indawo kwilanga elipheleleyo nasemhlabeni okwaziyo ukubamba ukufuma kwaye unemithombo elungileyo. Imijelo yokuhambisa amanzi yile nto inceda ukunkcenkceshela kunye namanzi emvula ukuba angagcinwa emhlabeni, ebangela ukuba iingcambu zibole.
Inokukhula kwimihlaba yodongwe etyebileyo ngezinto eziphilayo. Kufuneka uqaphele iintaka kunye nefuthe lelanga. Esi sityalo sisesichengeni xa sasigqiba. Nje ukuba isigaba sokuqala sokukhula sidlule, besisele sisengozini yeentaka kunye nemitha yelanga. Ayimelani neqabaka, ke ixesha lokuhlwayela libhetele entwasahlobo.
njenge Nigella sativa, la UNigella Damascena ikwanazo neempawu zonyango. Phakathi kwezi mpawu kukho unyango lwezifo ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene isibindi, ukugxothwa kweegesi, urhudo kunye nokukhuthaza ukuba sexesheni kwabasetyhini. Kufuneka zithathwe ngononophelo kuba amanqanaba aphezulu okusetyenziswa anokuba yityhefu.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi ngezi ntlobo zimbini zeNigella.