UMaranta leuconeura, kwaziwa njenge i-tricolor maranta okanye isityalo somthandazo, sihlelwa njengeplanti yasendlini ngaphandle kwendawo yaso yendalo. Yeyosapho lwaseMarantáceas kwaye inzalelwane yamahlathi ashinyeneyo aseMzantsi Melika, ngokuthe ngqo ukusuka eBrazil. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengokuhombisa ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Abantu abaninzi bayazibuza ukuba yintoni ukhathalelo lwe-tricolor Maranta.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukukuxelela malunga nokunyamekelwa kwe-tricolor Maranta, iimpawu zayo kunye neenkalo ezithile omele uzithathele ingqalelo ukuze ufune ukukhula ngokuchanekileyo.
Iimpawu eziphambili
I-Maranta tricolor sisityalo esingapheliyo, njengoko unokuthelekelela kwimvelaphi yayo, ikhetha ukufuma, iimeko ezingenaqabaka. i-tricolor maranta Sisityalo esikhula ngokucothayo esingadingi kukhathalelwa kakhulu kwaye sinobuhle obungaqhelekanga. Ikwabizwa ngokuba sisityalo sokuthandaza ngokuchanekileyo kuba ibonisa ukukwazi ukuvala kancinci amagqabi ayo ebusuku.
Umtsalane wayo ophambili wokubonwa ngamagqabi ayo. Ezi zi-oval kwaye zinemibala eqinile. Kwimiqadi, ukuthungwa kwayo kuphawulwe ngamandla ebomvu, echasene nemifuno ejikelezileyo kwii-shades ezahlukeneyo. Kwisiseko sayo, iithoni ezimfusa zilawula.
Ngokuqhelekileyo zithengiswa kwiimbiza ezijingayo, nangona ikwasisityalo esifanelekileyo ukudibanisa nezinye izityalo ukwenza kwakhona amaqhekeza anomdla kakhulu wokuhombisa. Inomkhuba wokurhubuluza, ngoko ke isetyenziswa njengesityalo sasekhaya esijingayo okanye idinga isibonda ukuze ikhule ngokuthe nkqo.
Ukhathalelo lwe-tricolor maranta
Ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga i-tricolor maranta, into yokuqala esiyiqwalaselayo yindawo yayo yendalo. Ngoko ke siyazi ukuba ifuna amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu, ukufuma kwaye xa ikhula phantsi kwemithi yetropikhi ikwenza oko kumthunzi.
Ke iMaranta tricolor sisityalo esiya kusixabisa njengesityalo sangaphakathi. Kuphela xa imozulu ekhoyo ikwi-subtropical apho sinokuyityala egadini, iya kuba semthunzini kwaye kufuneka sazi ukuba kufanelekile ukugubungela umhlaba phantsi komthi.
Oko kukuthi, siya kubeka i-tricolor yethu i-Maranta kwindawo ekhanyiswe kakuhle ukuze umbala wamahlamvu awo ubonakale kakuhle, kodwa kungekhona elangeni elithe ngqo. Olona luhlu lobushushu lufanelekileyo kuphuhliso lwayo luphakathi kwe-20 kunye ne-28ºC. Ikhula ngaphandle kobunzima nangona iqondo lobushushu liphakathi kwe 17 kunye ne 35ºC. Ayiwaxhasi amaqondo obushushu asondele ku-0ºC. Indawo engaphakathi endlwini iya kuba semthunzini, ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga.
Enye yezinto eziqwalaselwayo kwesi sityalo kukufuma kokusingqongileyo. Kufuneka ibe phezulu, ngoko ke kufuneka sitshize amagqabi ayo ngamanzi amaxesha amaninzi ngemini ngezona nyanga zishushu zonyaka. Ebusika siya kusombulula ingxaki yokufudumala, kuba baya kwandisa ubushushu, kodwa baya kunciphisa kakhulu umswakama wokusingqongileyo. Isitya esibanzi samanzi siya kunceda ukwandisa ukufuma.
Ukugcinwa kwe-tricolor maranta
Ukunkcenkceshela kwehlobo kufuneka kube okwaneleyo, siya kunciphisa ukunkcenkceshela ekwindla nasebusika. Ekubeni ifuna i-peat substrate, kufuneka sikuphephe ukuchithwa kwamanzi kuzo zonke iimeko. Ukuba sibeka isitya njengesiseko, sisusa amanzi angaphezulu ngokukhawuleza xa sikhupha.
Siya kuchumisa rhoqo ngeentsuku ezili-10 okanye ezili-15 ngesichumiso esilulwelo okanye esinekristale esinyibilikayo. Kufuneka zichunyiswe rhoqo phakathi kuka March no October, nezichumisi ezingenayo initrogen kakhulu ukunqanda amagqabi aluhlaza kunye nokuchanabeka kwizinambuzane nezifo.
I-tricolor maranta kufuneka itshintshwe ngonyaka ukukhuthaza ukuvuselelwa kwenkqubo yeengcambu zayo. Olona suku lulungileyo lokwenza olu tshintsho yintwasahlobo, nangona ukuba asinakuyenza ngaphambili, singayenza ngaphambi kokuwa.
I-substrate kufuneka ibe ne-peat kwaye ithanda ukufuma rhoqo, ngakumbi kwiinyanga ezishushu, ngaphandle kokufumana amanzi. Isasazwa ngokulula ngama-cuttings entwasahlobo nasekwindla. I-substrate engcono yokutyala okanye ukusika luhlobo lwe-substrate yezityalo zangaphakathi.
Ifuna ipH eqhelekileyo yomhlaba wetropikhi. Ubuninzi obuphakathi kwe-5,5 kunye ne-6,5. Ixabiso elifanelekileyo lisondele kwi-6. Sidinga umhlaba owondliwa kakuhle kunye nowomileyo. Ukwenza oku, sinokwenza lo mxube ulandelayo:
- Beka amatye okanye igrabile emazantsi embiza ukuqinisekisa ukuba amanzi aphuma kwimingxuma esezantsi ebhodweni kwaye uthintele ukuma kwamanzi.
- 2/4 peat (ibonelela ngezinto ezininzi eziphilayo)
- 1/2 isanti kunye ne-perlite (ukuphucula ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi).
- I-1/2 ye-substrate ngokubanzi okanye into engaphezulu okanye enodongwe.
Ukuba ufuna ukuba izityalo zakho zikhule ngokukhawuleza, unokufuna ukuzichumisa. Akukhuthazwa ukuba i-substrate entsha. Linda okungenani unyaka uqalise ukuchumisa. Ungasebenzisa isichumisi esingamanzi kwizityalo eziluhlaza zangaphakathi ezichithwe kumanzi okunkcenkceshela. Ngokubanzi, kucetyiswa ukuba kuncitshiswe izinga lokuphepha ukutshiswa kwezichumiso ezigqithisileyo. Kufuneka isetyenziswe rhoqo kwiiveki ezimbini entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni.
Ukusasazeka kunye nezifo
Ingenziwa ngokuhlukana kwezityalo kunye nokusikwa entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ukuba ngaba yi-cuttings, isiqu sinqunywe ngaphantsi kwe-petiole yeqabunga kwaye ifakwe emanzini. Kungcono ukusebenzisa i-hormone ye-rooting ukuvuselela ukuxoshwa kweengcambu. Amanzi kufuneka atshintshwe rhoqo kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu. Xa sele imile ingcambu. Lixesha lokuyitshintshela kwaye uqinisekise ukufuma kunye neemeko zobushushu.
Ukuba isasazwa ngokuhlukana, vele uhlukanise isityalo kunye neengcambu ngononophelo. Iingcambu zisenokuba namaqhuqhuva. Isebe ngalinye kufuneka libe neziqu ezininzi kunye neengcambu ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuhluma kwazo. Xa isasazwa ngokwahlukana, isityalo sihlala siphantsi koxinzelelo ekufuneka sijongane nalo. Imeko yokuba imile ingcambu kukugcina ubushushu bendawo kunye nokufuma kuphezulu kunesiqhelo. Zingafakwa kwibhedi yembewu okanye intshule kwibhedi yembewu emile oko. Ngale ndlela, inokukhula ngokuchanekileyo ukuba isasazwa ngokwahlulahlula.
Ngokumalunga nohlaselo lwezinambuzane ezinokuthi zibe kho, inkuku ebomvu yesigcawu iyingozi kakhulu xa amaqondo obushushu ephakamile kwaye nokufuma kwemekobume kusezantsi kakhulu. Iintwala nazo zinokuvela kuhlumelo olutsha. Ukunyangwa nge-acaricides kunye ne-systemic insecticide ngokulandelelana, kulula ukulawula.
Ukuba ubushushu behla kakhulu kwaye ukufuma kuphezulu, esona sifo sixhaphakileyo yi-botrytis. Ukuthintela oku ukuba kungenzeki ngokungena komoya olungileyo sesona sisombululo. Nangona sisithi sisityalo sangaphakathi, inokunanditshwa njengesityalo segadi ukuba imozulu ekhoyo ikwitropikhi. Kule meko, ikhula kakuhle emthunzini kwaye igqibelele njengengubo yomhlaba phantsi kwemithi.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nokunyamekelwa kwe-tricolor Maranta kunye neempawu zayo.