Phantse wonke umntu uyakuthanda ukonwabela ipleyiti elungileyo iimbotyi eziluhlaza ukugcina ukutya okufanelekileyo. Iimbotyi eziluhlaza zezosapho lwemidumba. Xa sizimisele ukuzihlakulela, kuya kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba zimbini iindidi. Kuqala kukho ezona zithenda zinehlathi eliphantsi elinemiqobo emileyo kwaye engafuni nkathalo. Kwaye kukho ezo zinezityalo ezide kwaye zifuna ukhathalelo olungakumbi.
Kule nqaku siza kuchaza ukuba kufuneka utyale njani iimbotyi eziluhlaza kunye neemfuno ozifunayo. Ngaba uyafuna ukufunda ngayo?
Ezona mfuno ziphambili
Imozulu kunye ne-substrate
Xa sithetha ngokukhulisa iimbotyi eziluhlaza, kufuneka sijonge zonke izinto ezichaphazela ukukhula. Eyokuqala yimozulu. Ukuba indawo esihlala kuyo rhoqo ineqondo lobushushu elingaphantsi kweedigri ezili-10, siya kuthi kunciphisa inani lokukhanya elinako ukufumana imini yonke. Njengoko unokulindela kwisityalo esidinga ukwenza ifotosinthesize, oku akuvumeli ukuba sikhule. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba imozulu ifudumele okanye ipholile. Kusenokubakho iqabaka amaxesha ngamaxesha, kodwa singabakhusela kakuhle.
Ukuba siyityala kwiindawo ezinomoya omninzi, kufuneka sizikhusele ngocingo oluthile okanye into ethintela ukuhamba okuqhubekayo. Zizityalo ezibuthathaka ezingayixhasi imeko yomoya ngokuthe ngqo ixesha elide.
Ngokubhekisele kumhlaba okanye kumhlaba ongaphantsi, azisebenzi kakuhle kwimihlaba ebandayo okanye efumileyo. Into yokuqala ocinga ngayo kukugcina inqanaba eliphezulu lokufuma ukunyusa iintlobo. Nangona kunjalo, azinakuhlala kwindawo ezomileyo nokuba. Kufuneka sifumane imali eseleyo ukuze isityalo singasokoli. Kukunkcenkceshela apho siqinisekisa ukuba isityalo sinezinga lokufuma okulungeleyo.
Iimbotyi eziluhlaza ziyathandwa ngumhlaba othambileyo, owenziwe kakuhle. Ngakumbi i-humus onayo, ngakumbi izondlo onokuzibandakanya kwiingcambu. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ibe nomkhondo wezinto eziphilayo ezintsha. Xa ukhetha umxholo apho siza kuwutyala khona, siya kukhangela leyo inendawo ethe ngqo elangeni. Kuyimfuneko ukuba umhlaba ufudumale ukuze isityalo sikhule kakuhle. Oku kufezekiswa kuphela xa ilanga libetha isityalo ngokuthe ngqo iiyure ezininzi okanye nangaphezulu ngosuku.
Izondlo kunye nokunkcenkceshela
Ngaphandle kwento onokucinga ngayo, iimbotyi eziluhlaza azidingi sichumisi. Njengazo zonke iimbotyi, bayakwazi ukulungisa i-nitrogen yomoya emoyeni ngenxa nitrifying bacteria ezineengcambu. Oku kunika inzuzo enkulu yokuzala kwaye kwenza ukulima kwayo kubize kakhulu. Ngale ndlela akufuneki simnike isichumiso rhoqo.
Inye into ekufuneka siyikhumbule. Kwaye kukuba abayi kufuna isichumiso okoko nje umhlaba otyalwe kuwo ucebile ngezinto eziphilayo. Kwelinye icala, ngumhlaba ombi, kuyakufuneka usasaze isichumiso esincinci emhlabeni malunga nenyanga ngaphambi kokuhlwayela. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka sisebenzise isichumiso semvelo ibolile kakhulu (ngokufana nesigcina-kufuma) uze uyixube nomhlaba ukuze udibanise kakuhle.
Ngokumalunga nokunkcenkceshela, kubalulekile ukuba umhlaba ungomi ngokupheleleyo, kodwa nokuba kungafume ngokugqithileyo. Asiyi kuyinkcenkceshela kakhulu ngexesha lokuqala lokudubula kweentyatyambo, njengoko kunokubangela ukuba ziwe iintyatyambo.
Zikhula njani iimbotyi eziluhlaza
Njengalo lonke usapho lwemidumba, iimbotyi eziluhlaza zikhuliswa yimbewu ngqo. Zizityalo ezingakuxhasi ukufakelwa kakuhle kwaye zinempumelelo encinci yokuphila.
Ukuhlwayela kufuneka kwenziwe nini amaqondo obushushu omhlaba angaphezu kwe-8-10 degrees. Ngale ndlela siya kuba siphepha ukubanda kobusika. Kule nto, elona xesha lilungileyo kukuqala kukaMeyi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ingqele ayibachaphazeli. Kwiindawo ezishushu ezinamaqondo obushushu aphezulu sinokuzihlwayela ngoMatshi.
Ngoku, sahlulahlula uhlobo lwesityalo ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwembotyi esiyihlwayelayo:
- Iimbotyi eziphantsi: zivamise ukuhlwayelwa emigceni okanye kwimisele edityaniswe malunga ne 40-50cm, zibeke imbewu ezine ukuya kwezintlanu, ziyingcwabe malunga ne 2 okanye 3cm kwimingxunya elandelelanayo phakathi ko 30 ukuya ku 40cm ukwahlukana.
- Iimbotyi ze-enrame okanye i-mata alta: Bafuna ukwahlulwa phakathi kwemigca okanye imijelo ye-60 ukuya kwi-75cm ukuququzelela ukukhula kwabo kunye nokugcina umoya owaneleyo. Ngokumalunga nenani lembewu kunye nokuma kwayo, kuyafana neembotyi ezisehlathini eziphantsi.
Siyakhumbula ukuba iimbotyi eziluhlaza zizityalo ekuthi, ngokubanzi, zibuthathaka kakhulu. Ke ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubeke padding, ukuba kunokwenzeka organic, ukulawula ukhula kunye nokugcina umhlaba upholile kwaye ufumile.
Iimbotyi ezikumgangatho ophantsi azidingi bagcini (iingcongolo okanye iintonga) kodwa ezinde ziyayenza. Eyokugqibela ikhula ngokubhola ngokujikeleza izinto ezingqongqo ezikufutshane enye kwenye. Ukulungisa oku, kubekwa iiposti malunga neemitha ezi-2 ukuphakama ukuze zinyuke.
Esona sakhiwo siqhelekileyo sokubeka abafundisi yipiramidi. Kufezekiswa ngokujoyina iingcongolo zemigca emibini, ukuyinyusa nokuyibophelela embindini.
Izitshabalalisi, izifo kunye nokuvuna
Iimbotyi eziluhlaza zinezinambuzane nezifo ezinokuhlaselwa. Eyokuqala ngu umhlwa omnyama noluhlaza. Ukuyikhulula, isepha ye-potassium isetyenziswa kunye ioyile yemem.
Isibetho sesibini seso isigcawu esibomvu Oko kuvela xa kunqongophala ukunkcenkceshela. Mhlawumbi eyona ibaluleke kakhulu yile ukungunda okungumgubo, kuba yeyona ivela xa kukho ukufuma okugqithileyo. Kungenzeka ukuba sinkcenkceshele kwaye siphinde sinethe, siqokelele ukufuma okungaphezulu kunye nokuxinana kwamanzi. Ukuyisusa kwanele ukuba ne-aeration elungileyo.
Ukuvuna kufuneka silinde malunga neenyanga ezimbini okanye ezintathu ngaphambi kokuvuna. Ukuba sifuna ukufumana imbotyi eyomileyo, kuyakufuneka silinde enye inyanga. Isityalo siethe-ethe, ke ngoko siya kuzama ukungonakalisi awona masebe athambileyo, imidumba kunye neentyatyambo xa sivuna. Ukugcina imveliso elungileyo, kuyacetyiswa ukunkcenkceshela kakhulu emva kokuvuna.
Ngezi ngcebiso unokuzikhulisela iimbotyi zakho eziluhlaza.
Ndingathanda ukwazi ukuba kutheni iimbotyi eziluhlaza ezikhula kakuhle ziphuma neentyatyambo ezomeleleyo kwaye zingangxoli.
Molo uRamon.
Mhlawumbi bafuna ukukhanya ngakumbi, okanye umgquba. Kucetyiswa kakhulu ukuba ubachumise ukusuka kwiintyatyambo kude kube ziimbotyi ezivuthiweyo, nge izichumisi eziphilayo (umgquba, iguyano, umgquba). Isandla okanye ezimbini kwisityalo ngasinye (kuxhomekeke kubukhulu baso), kube kanye ngenyanga.
Nibuliso!