Wakhe wazibuza ukuba bayifumana phi ikotoni yabo kwaye ikhuliswa njani? Ewe, kuvela ukuba esinye sezona zipho zithambileyo zenziwe ngokwendalo (ukuba ayizizo ezona zininzi) zivela kuhlobo lwe-shrub kunye nezityalo ze-herbaceous ezilungele ukuba nazo kwigadi ezincinci zohlobo lweGossypium. Eyona yaziwa kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu yi I-Gossypium hirsutum, ekhula njengesityalo sonyaka esifikelela kwi-150cm ukuphakama kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zaseMexico. Ngenxa yobungqongqo bayo kunye nokulima okulula, inokutyalwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zemozulu.
Umqhaphu wawusetyenziswa ngabantu ukusukela kudala, ngakumbi ukwenza iingubo kunye neebhatyi ukuzikhusela engqeleni. Kodwa ukongeza, sisityalo esinomdla kakhulu esifanele ukusihlwayela, ubuncinci kube kanye ebomini bakho.
Kukhula njani umqhaphu?
Umqhaphu kunjalo isetyenziswa ngabantu ukusukela kudala, ngakumbi ngakumbi ukwenza iingubo kunye neebhatyi ukuzikhusela engqeleni. Kodwa ukongeza, sisityalo esinomdla kakhulu esifanele ukusihlwayela, ubuncinci kube kanye ebomini bakho.
Okokuqala kukufumana imbewu. Kuya kuba lula ukufumana abasasazi abathengisa umqhaphu. Kungenxa yoko le nto kusenokwenzeka ukuba indawo ekufutshane kuyo enezityalo, okanye unokuyifumana ngaphandle kwengxaki.
Ibhedi yembewu (enokuthi ibe yitreyi yehlathi, iimbiza ezizezinye, ... nantoni na esesandleni) iyalungiswa entwasahlobo, kanye emva kokuba umngcipheko weqabaka ugqithile. Njengombala ongaphantsi ungasebenzisa enye yeebhedi zebhedi, okanye indalo iphela. Ukuba uhlawulwa ngcono, kodwa ayimfuneko.
Kufuneka siyibeke kwilanga elipheleleyo ukuze izityalo zikhule ngokukhawuleza kwaye zibe sempilweni. Ukuba ubona ukuba zikhula kakhulu, zineziqu ezinde kakhulu kwaye zilunge kakhulu, lowo ngumqondiso ongathandabuzekiyo wokuba abanako ukukhanya.
Ukuthintela iingozi ezingeyomfuneko, zakuba zimalunga ne-15-20cm ubude zingatyalwa kwiimbiza ezinkulu, Malunga ne-45cm ubukhulu. Kungabonakala ngathi kukuzibaxa kuwe, kodwa okukhona ingcambu ingaphantsi, kokukhona isityalo sikhula ngamandla.
Izityalo zomqhaphu ziya kutyatyamba, ukuba konke kuhamba kakuhle, ehlotyeni. Isini I-Gossypium ineentyatyambo ezimhlophe nezimthubi, kodwa imilo ayitshintshi. Nje ukuba intyatyambo idluliselwe ipoleni, i-capsule iqala ukubakho, ethi, yakuba ivuthiwe kwaye ivuleke, iveze umqhaphu.
Esi sisityalo esithi, ukongeza ekusebenziseni izinto ezininzi kwilizwe lempahla eyolukiweyo, sihombise kakhulu, silungele ukuba segadini okanye kwiimbiza.
Unyamekela njani isityalo somqhaphu?
Kukho izitshixo ezibini ezibalulekileyo eziza kwenza ukuba izityalo zakho zomqhaphu ziphumelele, ikwimo echanekileyo yomhlaba apho uzakulinyelwa khona kwaye ngokusisiseko uthathela ingqalelo ubungakanani bonkcenkceshelo oludingayo.
Isityalo somqhaphu sihamba phambili kwimihlaba ebonisa ubunzulu kwaye xa unkcenkceshelwa, amanzi ayagcinwa. Oku kunento yokwenza nento yokuba umqhaphu uhlala ufuna ukufuma ukuze ukhule kakuhle, ngenxa yoko udongwe luyacetyiswa njengenye yezinto eziyimfuneko emhlabeni wezi zivuno.
Naxa i-substrate iwagcina onke amanzi onkcenkceshela ngawo, uhlala usenza njalo kungcono ukwenza ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo, ebonelela ukufuma okufanelekileyo emhlabeni, ngaphandle kokugqitha oku kunye nokushiya amadama. Njengoko uyazi, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokunkcenkceshela kwaye unokukhetha nayiphi na kwezi, ukufumana iziphumo ezilungileyo ukuba umhlaba ugcinwe ufumile.
Unkcenkceshelo
Ezi ziintlobo zokunkcenkceshela onokuzikhetha:
Ukunkcenkceshela
Le ndlela yokunkcenkceshela yenye yezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumaxesha akutshanjeNgokukodwa kwizityalo ezikhuliswa kwiindawo ezisezidolophini, kwaye zimele enye yeendlela ezilungileyo zokunkcenkceshela isityalo somqhaphu.
Oku kunento yokwenza nokuba i-drip iya kubonelela ngokufuma rhoqo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye kulawulwe. Ukusuka Ngale ndlela isityalo siya kuhlala sinamanzi afunekayo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye ayisoze yenze amadama anokuthi ayonakalise.
Ukunkcenkceshela ngemisele
Ukusuka kwimpucuko yokuqala kunye nobukhosi ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, Ukunkcenkceshela imisele yindlela efanelekileyo ukunkcenkceshela ngokuchanekileyo isityalo somqhaphu, kodwa kuyinyani ukuba kuya kufuneka uthathe amanyathelo okhuseleko.
Ngokomgaqo, umgangatho kufuneka ubonise inqanaba eligqibeleleyo, ukuze ungangeni kwaye ume ndawonye ubungakanani bamanzi kwindawo ethile yesityalo, ezichaphazela izityalo. Obu buchule namhlanje bunokubiza kakhulu.
Ukunkcenkceshela ngokuchela
Izitshizi zokunkcenkceshela zikwayindlela esebenzayo, kuba ziya kulungiswa ukuba zinkcenkceshele ngokuzenzekelayo ngamaxesha athile emini kunye nemali echanekileyo nefunekayo kolu hlobo lwesityalo. Ingxaki kukuba inkqubo yokufafaza isityalo ingathetha kakhulu kutyalo-mali, ayisiyomathiriyeli kuphela, kodwa nomsebenzi.
Umbhalisi
Enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo xa kufikwa kukhathalelo oluchanekileyo lwezityalo zomqhaphu kukubanika izakhamzimba abazidingayo ngokuchumisa okufanelekileyo komhlaba wabo.
Ngendlela efanayo neengozi, umrhumo kufuneka alungelelanise ngokugqibeleleyo kwaye ubonise ezinye izimbiwa eziya kubaluleka kuphuhliso lwayo. Esinye sezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu ukuchumisa olu hlobo lwezityalo yi-phosphorus.
Ngokubanzi, ikumasimi amakhulu entengiso yomqhaphu apho umqhaphu usetyenziswa ngendlela elungileyo, Kungenxa yokuba inika isityalo amandla afanelekileyo okuvula i-capsule yayo ngokukhawuleza nangakumbi.
Kwakhona, esinye isondlo esikhulu sesityalo somqhaphu, njengezinye izityalo ezininzi, yi-potassium, eya kwenza ezi zityalo zikhule zomelele kwaye zibe sempilweni kwaye zide zenze iziqu zazo zide kunokuba zazingachunyiswanga. Sisityalo esifuna ukuchumiswa rhoqo.
Kwimeko apho isichumiso esaneleyo singanikwanga, umthamo wekotoni oza kukhutshwa kwisityalo ngasinye ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuba mbalwa kwaye ubuthathaka besityalo buya kubonakala ngamehlo.
Utyalwa nini umqhaphu?
Kuya kuba sentwasahlobo ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuqalisa ukukhula kwezityalo yekotoni, xa amaqondo obushushu eqala ukunyuka kwaye asisenazo iirekhodi zokubanda ezinokuwuchaphazela kwinxalenye yokuqala yokukhula kwayo. Singakwenza oku nkqu nangembewu ezinye izityalo ezisishiyileyo ngexesha lekwindla.
Kuya kuba ngeli xesha lonyaka apho isityalo siya kuba nokusingqongileyo okulungele ukukhula kunye nokukhula okufanelekileyo, kwindawo eshushu nefumileyo ongena kwigadi yakho ngamaxesha entwasahlobo.
Kwimeko apho ungenayo imbewu, ungazithenga nakweyiphi na ivenkile yegadi okanye indawo yokugcina abantwana onokuyifumana ukuze uqalise umsebenzi wakho wokutyala. Inkqubo ye- uya kucwina emanzini malunga nosuku, Ngosuku olulandelayo ukukhetha abo batshone emanzini. Abo badadayo abayi kukwenzela nto.
Emva koko sibeka ibhedi yembewu embizeni, eza kugcwaliswa ngokupheleleyo ngumhlaba emva koko inkcenkceshelwe, ukugqiba ngokufaka iimbewu ezimbini okanye ezintathu kwibhokisi nganye yeembewu. Oku kuya kudityaniswa ne-substrate eseleyo, emva koko amanzi kwakhona, kodwa ngeli xesha hayi ngamanzi athe ngqo, kodwa endaweni yokutshiza.
Ithatha ixesha elingakanani ukuze ikhule?
Emva kwenkqubo yokuqala yokulungiselela i-substrate kunye nembewu yokuhluma, kufuneka linda phakathi kwenyanga enesiqingatha kunye neenyanga ezimbini ukuze sisibone okokuqala isityalo kwaye emva koko singasigqithisela kumgangatho wegadi okanye kwiimbiza ezahlukeneyo.
Emva koku, yonke inkqubo yokukhula iza kuza, ethi yona isichumiso esigqibeleleyo senze isityalo sethu somqhaphu sikhule kwaye ilungele ukuveliswa kwefayibha malunga neenyanga ezintandathu, ukusukela mzuzu ozibeke kuzo iibhedi zembewu.
Iindidi zomqhaphu
Ngaba uyayazi loo nto ayisiyiyo kuphela into yokuba kukho uhlobo lomqhaphu olunokutyalwa, kodwa ngaba zingama-40 iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwihlabathi jikelele? Isityalo somqhaphu sineentlobo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa kuyaziwa ukuba ziintlobo ezi-4 kuphela kwezi zezo zemicu yazo ezinokusetyenziselwa ukuthengisa.
Ezi ziindidi ezine ezikhuliselwa ukuthengiswa kamva:
Igossipium arboreum
Esinye sezityalo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ekukhuleni nasekuthengiseni ikotoni emhlabeni zivela eSri Lanka naseIndiya, kodwa Isasazwe kwezinye iindawo ezininzi, phakathi kwayo eyona ndawo inkulu yelizwekazi laseAfrika kunye neYurophu iphela, iyenye yezona ndawo zifumaneka kakhulu kwimimandla yomqhaphu eAndalusia.
Gossypium barbadense
Olu hlobo lwesityalo somqhaphu sivela kwimimandla esemazantsi, njengase Mzantsi Melika nakwamanye amazwe ahlamba uLwandlekazi lwePasifiki, kodwa nakwindawo esemazantsi. Ngenye yeekotoni ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kuba yinxalenye yeqela elikhethiweyo elibizwa ngokuba ziifayibha ezinde ezinde.
I-Gossipium herbaceum
Enye yeentlobo ezibonelela ngemicu enganyangekiyo kumacottons ayo kwaye inemvelaphi yayo kwiindawo ezishushu zaseAfrika, nangona ikwasetyenziswa kulo lonke elaseSpain nasePortugal, apho iye yaba luhlobo olukhula ngokwendalo.
I-Gossypium hirsutum
Olu luhlobo Ikwayindawo ekuMbindi Merika kwaye iye yangumqondiso worhwebo lomqhaphu kulo lonke eli lizwekazi, ithandwa kakhulu ngokuba zezona ntlobo zilinywayo eMelika. Olu hlobo lubonisa uninzi lwemveliso yomqhaphu kwihlabathi liphela.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zemithi yomqhaphu zifumaneka kuzo zonke iindawo ezishushu nezinomswakama zehlabathi. Ezi zihlala zihlala emahlathini ezingafumaneki kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, kuba abaxhathisi ngaphezulu kweemitha ezingama-300 ngaphezulu komphakamo wolwandle kwaye banokufikelela kufutshane kwiimitha ezingamashumi amathathu kwinqanaba labo labadala.
Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo Ukukhutshwa komqhaphu kule mithi yeyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu kule mithi, nangona kuyaziwa ukuba iinkuni zayo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimpawu zayo zokuqaqambisa, ukwenza izihlenga kunye nezixhobo zasemanzini.
Phantse iminyaka emi-3 eyadlulayo, eSpain ndaye ndazi isityalo somqhaphu bukhoma. Ndingazi ukuba yintoni, ndathandana nentyatyambo yayo kwaye ndayiqonda njengesihlahla esihle. Kwigumbi lokugcina abantwana, ndabona imvulophu enefoto yakhe. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo ndathenga ipakethi yembewu kuba ndandisazi ngoko ukuba ngumqhaphu. Ngelishwa, i-CUSTOMS yaseChiley ibasuse kum. Namhlanje ndonwabile kwaye ndinexhala, kuba ndiyifumene le mbewu ngeposi evela e-China. Amaxesha onyaka ayakude am, kude kufike ukufika kweNtwasahlobo, apho ndiya kuthi ekugqibeleni ndibenakho ukuqala ukulima kwam.
UNancy, ndiyavuyisana nawe. Ibali elinokuphela ngokuqinisekileyo eliya kuphela kakuhle kakhulu. Nandipha izityalo zomqhaphu ezizayo!
Mholweni. Ungandixelela ukuba ufumene ukutyala ikotoni? UDiana
Mna kumkhiwane (ummandla wonxweme waseVenezuela), ndibone amatyholo esitalatweni, ngaphandle kononophelo, kodwa abonakala emhle kwaye ndaziva ukuba ngumqhaphu, ndathatha imbewu, ndiza kuyityala Ndiyathemba ukuba ziyahluma ...
Ngokuqinisekileyo uyakwenza, uKatuska. Bahlwayele entwasahlobo kwaye kwiintsuku ezimbalwa baya kuhluma. 😉
Sele ndizityatyambile izityalo egadini yam kunye neziqhamo, andinakulinda ukuba zivulwe
Molo umsulwa.
Yiba nesibindi sokuba kuncinci okuseleyo 🙂
Molo NAMHLANJE XA NDIHAMBA NDIQOKELELA IMBEWU KWISITYALO ESIQHELEKILEYO NDIZOYITYALA NGOMSO Ndiyathemba ukuba ziyaphuma, ndiyakuxelela.
Umnqweno omhle! 🙂
UDona Mónica utyelele inqaku elinomdla ngolu hlobo, ndiyithandile indlela ecace gca kwaye ethe ngqo ngayo !!!
Enkosi ngamazwi akho, Roxana 🙂
Ndinombuzo othi ukuba iyavela kule webhusayithi iyavela ukuba umthi womqhaphu uphelele okanye awukho
Molo uEduard.
Uxolo, khange ndikuqonde 🙁.
Umqhaphu ukhula ngokwendalo kuyo yonke imimandla yetropiki neyobushushu behlabathi. E-Spain kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo ezikhoyo, ezinje ngeGossypium arboreum okanye iGossypium herbaceum.
A ubingelele.
Ngaba uyazi ukuba ungasithenga isityalo somqhaphu eSpain enkosi
Molo david.
Kwii nursery zomzimba andazi ukuba uza kuyifumana na, kodwa imbewu iyathengiswa kwigadi yase-Ejea kwivenkile ekwi-intanethi, nakwi-ebay.
A ubingelele.
Ndine ezine kwezi templates zindithathe kakuhle kakhulu.
Bakulungele ukufakelwa kodwa ndingathanda ukwazi ukuba ngaba kukucebisa isamente okanye imbiza yeplastiki? Ubungakanani 40 * 40.
Bayandinceda
Molo Patricia.
Ayinamsebenzi ukuba bobabini banemingxunya. Kuxhomekeka ngakumbi ekubeni ufuna ukubashenxisa ngomso (kwimeko leyo iiplastikhi zingangcono) okanye ukuba umoya uvuthuza kakhulu kwindawo yakho.
A ubingelele.
MHOLWENI. NDINOMDLALO WEKHOTI YAYE IBA YIMPAWU NGOKUPHATHELELEYO NANGOKUTSHINTSHA NGANGOKO. NDIYASITHANDA ESI SITYALA NGOBA IKHOTI IPHUMA, NDIYIQOKELELE. NDAYASindisa IMBEWU
Molo uJaneth.
Yonwabele 🙂
A ubingelele.
Mholo! Ndingathanda ukwazi ukuba loluphi unonophelo endifanele ukuluthatha kwizityalo zam ezi-XNUMX ezigqityiweyo ezikhuliswe ezimbizeni ebusika obuzayo.
Kufuneka uzicwangcise nini kwaye njani kwaye uzichumise.
Okwangoku ziyi-50 cm ubude. Enkosi
Molo luciano.
Iinkathalo ezicetyiswayo zezi:
Indawo: ngaphandle, kwilanga elipheleleyo.
Unkcenkceshelo: amaxesha ama-3-4 ngeveki ehlotyeni, kanye ngeveki unyaka wonke.
-Ukuthena: kuphela amasebe omileyo, agulayo okanye abuthathaka ebusika.
-Bhalisa: ukusuka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuya ekupheleni kwehlobo kunye Izichumisi zendalo.
A ubingelele.
Molo, umama unezityalo kwaye sele unawo umqhaphu ngaphandle, sifuna ukuwusebenzisa xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo njengokubeka utywala kuwo nokuphilisa inxeba (njengakwintengiso abakuthengisela yona) kodwa, asazi ukuba ukuyinika naluphi na unyango ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa.
Gracias!