Ukuzaliswa kwezityalo

Ukunyamekela izityalo ngamava amnandi, kodwa ngakumbi ngakumbi ukufumana iisampulu zazo. Ekulingweni, iindlela ezininzi zisetyenziselwa le njongo, ezinye zinzima ngakumbi kunezinye, kodwa zonke zinomdla.

Ngesi sihlandlo, siza kubona ukuba phindaphinda izityalo, kunye nendlela nganye yobugcisa enayo.

Imbewu

Owona buchule busetyenzisiweyo phakathi kweengcali, kodwa eyona isetyenzisiweyo phakathi kwabafundi. Kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesityalo, kungathatha ixesha elingaphantsi okanye elingaphantsi ukufumana isampulu enkulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba ungayityala egadini, kwigadi yemifuno okanye embizeni yokuhombisa, kodwa kulungile kakhulu ukubona indlela esikhula ngayo isithole kwaye ikhula 🙂.

Kuxhomekeke ekubeni luhlobo luni na lweentlobo, inokuhlwayelwa ngqo kwi-nursery okanye kuya kufuneka inyangwe ngaphambi kwexesha.

Ukuhlwayela ngqo

Izityalo zeherbaceous, kubandakanya nezityalo zehorticultural, kunye nezomthonyama, zinokuhlwayelwa ngqo kwizithole. Ukwenza oku, kuya kufuneka wenze oku kulandelayo:

1. Kuqala, kufuneka ulungiselele ibhedi yembewu. Le isenokuba yitreyi yeplastiki enemingxunya, ingqayi yeentyatyambo, iipilisi zepeat, ubisi okanye izikhongozeli zeyogathi,… ngamafutshane, into esiyithandayo ukuba nje inemingxunya yokuhambisa amanzi.
2. Emva koko, iya kuzaliswa, ukuba kukho imfuneko, nge-substrate eyenziwe nge-peat emnyama exutywe ne-30% ye-perlite okanye enye into efanayo.
3. Emva koko, ubuninzi bembewu ezi-2 zibekwe phezu komhlaba we-substrate, zahlulwe kancinci enye kwenye, kwaye zingcwatywa kubunzulu be-0,5 ukuya kwi-1 cm. Inkulu imbewu, kokukhona kufuneka ubunzulu.
4. Okokugqibela, siyankcenkceshela kwaye sibeka ibhedi yembewu kwindawo apho inokufumana khona ilanga.

Unyango lwangaphambi kwexesha

Unyango lwaphambi kwexesha lolo lwenziwa phambi kokuhlwayela imbewu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ziya kuhluma ngexesha elilindelweyo. Yenziwa kwiintlobo ezineembewu ezinzima kakhulu, okanye kwezo zivela kwimozulu ebandayo. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo:

Ukucaciswa

• Umothuko wobushushu: kubandakanya ukwazisa imbewu 1 umzuzwana emanzini abilayo kunye neeyure ezingama-24 emanzini kubushushu begumbi. Yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yeembewu ezilukhuni, ezinjengezo zemithi eyeyosapho lweembotyi, ezifana neAlbizia, iSophora okanye iRobinia.
• Ukuxuba imbewu: kubandakanya ukudlulisa isandpaper izihlandlo ezininzi de batshintshe umbala. Emva koko zibekwa kwiglasi yamanzi iiyure ezingama-24 zokucoca amanzi. Ingasetyenziswa kwimithi efana ne-Acacia, i-Ailanthus, okanye i-Delonix (icetyiswa ngakumbi).

Ukucwangciswa

Zininzi iimbewu ekufuneka zingene kubanda kakhulu okanye kwixesha elishushu kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba zihlume. Kodwa ke kunjalo, kuhlala kusenzeka ukuba sinezinye kwiindawo apho imeko-bume ikule meko, yahluke kakhulu kuleyo banayo kwindawo abahlala kuyo. Ngokwahlulwahlulwa, oko kwenzelwe ukuzama ukulinganisa amaqondo obushushu abaya kuba nawo kwindalo yabo yendalo ukuze bahlume. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo:

• Ukucoca ubandayo: Yenzelwe ukuba imbewu ephuma kwiindawo ezinengqele yasebusika ikwazi ukuhluma entwasahlobo.
• Ukwahlulahlula ngobushushu: yile yenziwe ukuba imbewu ivele kwiindawo apho imozulu ithambile kwaye ifudumele.
• Ukubeka kabini: Yiyo leyo eyenziwayo xa imbewu kufuneka ifakwe kuqala kubushushu obufudumeleyo emva koko kubanda kubanda.

Yenziwa njani?

Ukuhlulahlula imbewu, qhubeka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Kuqala, kufuneka ulungiselele isitayile seplastikhi eselubala nesiciko.
2. Emva koko, izaliswe nge-vermiculite.
3. Emva koko, ifakwe amanzi amancinci, ulumke ungangxibi.
4. Iimbewu zisasazeka ngaphezulu kwaye zigqunywe ngevermiculite engaphezulu.
5. Okokugqibela, kongezwa ubhedu okanye isalfure yokuthintela ukungunda ekubachaphazeleni kwaye i-tupperware ibekwe kwisikhenkcisi ngo-7 strC ukuba yindawo ekubanda kuyo, okanye ibekwe kwindawo apho ubushushu buphakathi kwama-20 nama-30ºC ukuba stratification efudumeleyo.

Ukusika

Yeyona ndlela isebenzayo kwaye ikhawulezayo yokuphindaphinda izityalo. Ngaphandle kwe-herbaceous ones, zonke ezinye zinokuphindaphindwa ngokusikwa. Kodwa, ayizizo zonke ezinokunqunyulwa ngamaxesha afanayo:

• Izityalo ezihlala ziluhlaza: elona xesha lilungileyo liphela ebusika.
• Izityalo ezinqabileyo ezinqabileyo: inokwenziwa ekwindla ukuba imozulu intle, okanye ebusika.
• Izityalo ezinencindi okanye ezinencasa hayi icacti: entwasahlobo Ihlobo.
• Ngaphakathi kwezityalo: entwasahlobo.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokusika, ezi:

• Isiqu okanye isebe elisikiweyo: Zifumaneka ngentwasahlobo ngokusika isiqu okanye isebe malunga ne-10 ukuya kwi-40cm ubude, ngaphandle kwamagqabi okanye ngamagqabi ambalwa kakhulu kwaye aqukethe ubuncinci amaqhina amabini okanye amathupha. Ukuze bakwazi ukungena kwiingcambu, kuyacetyiswa kakhulu ukuba unyibilikise isiseko kunye ne-powders ye-rooting kunye nokuzityala kwiimbiza ezineesanti.
• Ukusikwa kwamagqabi: Zifumaneka entwasahlobo okanye ehlotyeni ngokusika igqabi elisempilweni kwezinye izityalo, ezinje nge-Echeveria, i-Haworthia okanye i-Begonia. Emva koko, zityalwa kwiimbiza ezineesanti ezingaphantsi. Kwimeko yesiselo esimnandi, amagqabi kufuneka alale kancinci, kwaye kufuneka agqunywe nge-substrate encinci.
• Izicucu zengcambu: ukusika kweengcambu, nokuba zizilimo eziyizigaxa, iibhalbhu okanye iirhizomes, zifunyanwa ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo ngemela ebukhali kwaye ngaphambili yayicocwa iintsholongwane ngotywala ekhemesti. Kwisiqwenga ngasinye kufuneka kubekho okungenani isikhupha esinye. Nje ukuba zifunyenwe, zityalwa ezimbizeni okanye egadini ngaphandle kokuzingcwaba ngokupheleleyo.

Ulwahlulwe

Ukubeka yindlela elula yokuphindaphinda izityalo ezinemithi. Yenziwa entwasahlobo okanye ekwindla, kukhethwe isebe elincinci, elingaphezulu kweminyaka emibini kwaye ubuncinci inebhlumba elinye.

Ezolimo, zintathu iintlobo ezisetyenzisiweyo ngaphezulu kwazo zonke, ezi:

• Uluhlu olulula: Yenziwa entwasahlobo, kwizityalo ezineziqu eziguqukayo okanye amasebe. Kuthathwa isebe, kungasikwa nzulu kuloo ndawo ukuba igoso ukuze iingcambu zihlume kuloo ndawo, kwaye ibanjwa ngemfoloko.
• Ubeko lwasemoyeni: Kwenzeka entwasahlobo, ekwindla ukuba imozulu intle. Ukusikwa kabini kwenziwa isentimitha e-1 ukwahlukana, kwaye amaxolo asuswe ngononophelo phakathi kokusikeka ukuze kamva asebenzise iihomoni ezisisiseko. Okokugqibela, indawo isongelwe ngeplastikhi ebonakalayo, ubopha icala elinye, ugcwalise i-peat moss kwaye ubophe elinye icala. Inkcenkceshelwa ngamanzi ngenaliti.
• Ukuphindaphinda okuninzi okanye inyoka: Isetyenziswe njengobeko olulula, kodwa isebe lingcwatywa kwiindawo ezininzi endaweni yelinye.

Imisebenzi yobugcisa

Ukudibanisa yindlela esetyenziselwa ukufumana iintlobo ezinganyangekiyo ngakumbi okanye ngesiqhamo esingcono. Ziquka ukumilisela inxalenye yesityalo kwenye into, ukuzibandakanya kunye neteyipu yokumilisela.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo:

• Ukufakelwa kwespike: Ngentwasahlobo iqhekeza lesiqu elineehlumelo ezininzi limiliselwe kwisiliti esisecaleni esiza kwenziwa kwingcambu.
• Ubume beyolk: entwasahlobo ihlumelo liyasikwa lize lifakwe kwingcambu apho i-T-cut iyakwenziwa khona, ibabophe kakuhle ngentambo okanye ngeteyiphu yokumilisela.
• Isihlomelo sesiNgesi: ekwindla kusikwa i-bevel kwisiphunzi, kwaye isiqu sesityalo esifuna ukusiphindaphinda siyasikwa emva koko sifakwe kwisinqumlo. Kuyacetyiswa kakhulu ukuba ujoyine yomibini imilenze ngegrafikhi ekhethekileyo.
• Ukufakelwa kwesithsaba: Ngentwasahlobo, ukusikwa okuthe tyaba kwenziwa kwisikhondo seengcambu, emva koko ukusikwa okunqamlezayo okunzulu kumphezulu womhlaba, kulapho kuya kufuneka sizise ukusika okunama-buds ama-2 ubuncinci.
• Ulungelelaniso lomiliselo: ekwindla, ixolo lisuswa kwisebe lezityalo ezibini, zidityaniswe.

Ukwahlula Mat

Ukwahlulwa kwe-clumps yindlela esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizityalo ezikhula njenge-clumps. Kwaye ilula kakhulu. Kufuneka nje zikhuphe embizeni, kwaye ngemela okanye isikere, wonwabe. Elona xesha lilungileyo lentwasahlobo.

Kwimeko apho zityalwe emhlabeni, kufuneka senze imijelo ejikeleze isahlulo esifuna ukusikhupha, kwaye sinciphise iingcambu ngesarha encinci. Ezinye iindawo ngekhe ziphumelele, kodwa uninzi aluzukuba nangxaki xa luzakubekwa kwenye indawo egadini okanye ezimbizeni.

Ukwahlulahlulwa kweeswekile

Kukho ezinye iintlobo zezityalo ezihlala zithatha ii-suckers, ezinje ngeCycas okanye IPhoenix dactylifera. Ezi zinokwahlulwa xa zifikelele kubungakanani obulawulwa ngokulula, entwasahlobo okanye ehlotyeni, usebenzisa isitshetshe sabantwana okanye ukwenza imisele encinci ejikeleze i-30cm ukwenza kube lula ukuyikhupha kunye nengcambu.

Kubo ukuba babenengcambu, kulula ukuba banyibilikise isiseko kunye neencindi zamadlala kunye nokutyala kwiimbiza ezineesanti ezenzelwe ukuba kube lula kubo ukuba bahlume kwaye bakhule.

Kwaye oku sigqibile. Siyathemba ukuba iluncedo kuwe.